当前位置:首页 > 建筑/环境 > 工程监理 > Architecture___古希腊古罗马建筑英文版
ABriefintroductionofancientGreek&RomanAncientGreekArchitecture(BC800-AD300)1.Specificdimensionalcomposition特定的平面构成Mostofthearchitecturesarerectangular(onascaleof1:1.618or1:2)inshape,essentiallyconsistedofahallsurroundedbycolumns.(平面构成为1:1.618或1:2的矩形,中央是厅堂,大殿,周围是柱子,可统称为环柱式建筑))2.Threefamouskindsofcolumns/orders(柱式):3.Decorationofdepiment(山花墙装饰)CorinthianColumn(科林斯式)IonicColumn(爱奥尼克式)DoricColumn(陶立克)•陶立克柱式形态简洁,其柱高是直径的6倍,雄健威武,向征男性美;爱奥尼柱式纤巧修长,柱高是直径的8~9倍,柱头用卷涡装饰,富有曲线美,象征女性美。科林斯柱式形态更复杂、更修长,上部是藤蔓似的卷涡,下面是曼妙的花纹,更具女性美。TheDonicstyleissimpleanditrevealsthemales’strength.LincolnMemorialisintheformofaGreekDorictemple.林肯纪念堂Itisalwaysdecoratedwithspiral(螺旋形的)orvolute(涡形的)ornaments.It’sslimandmuchmorelikeagentleandgracefulyounglady.TempleofAthenaNike胜利女神神庙女神廊柱(Erechtheion伊瑞克提翁神庙)Pediment(山花墙)•Greektemplewithapediment(Sicily)Greektemplewithapediment(Sicily)•Thepediment(山花墙)isthetriangularplaceundertheroofofaGreektemple.Eachtemplehastwo,oneonthefrontandoneontheback.Atfirstpedimentswereprobablyplain,butsoontheGreeksbegantodecoratepedimentswithstonesculpture.Oneoftheearliestpediments,onthetempleofArtemisontheislandofCorfu,hasascaryMedusaonit.LaterGreeksculptorsputwholescenesonpediments,usuallyoneexcitingpartofawell-knownmyth.TempleofArtemis,Corfu(ca.580BC)TempleofAphaeaatAegina(ShowstheTrojanWar)•TheParthenon(帕特农神庙)hasthestoryofthebirthofAthenaononeside,andthestoryofAthenaandPoseidonfightingtobethemaingodofAthensontheotherside.TheParthenon(帕特农神庙)AncientRomanArchitecture(BC300-AD365)•AncientRomanarchitectureadoptedcertainaspectsofAncientGreekarchitecture,butitdidcreatedlotsofnewarchitecturalstyles.ThefivemainachievementsofAncientRomanarchitecture•1.AncientRomanAqueducts(渡槽)•2.Pantheon万神庙•3.Publicbaths罗马公共浴场•4.Colosseum圆形大剧场•5.Square•TheRomansconstructedaqueductstobringaconstantflowofwaterfromdistantsourcesintocitiesandtowns,supplyingpublicbaths,toilets,fountainsandprivatehouseholds.Wastewaterwasremovedbythesewagesystemsandreleasedintonearbybodiesofwater,keepingthetownscleanandfreefromnoxiouswaste.Someaqueductsalsoservedwaterformining,processing,manufacturing,andagriculture.•2.Pantheon万神庙Thedome(穹顶)structureprovideduswithlargerspace.TheRomansbasedmuchoftheirarchitectureonthedome,suchasPantheon,whichisthehighestrepresentativeofRomearchitecturaltechnique.Pantheon(万神殿)Dome•3.Publicbaths罗马公共浴场•TheyarerecreationalandsocialcenterforRomancitizens.••Itwereusedforgladiatorialcontests,publicdisplays,publicmeetingsandbullfights,thelastofwhichsurvivesinSpain.TheyareamongthemostimpressiveremainsoftheRomanempireatitsheight,andmanyofthemarestillusedforpublicdisplaysandperformances.It’sfamousformagnificentanduniquestyle.5.Square
本文标题:Architecture___古希腊古罗马建筑英文版
链接地址:https://www.777doc.com/doc-163030 .html