网络环境下对图书馆员业务技能的要求

CALA21stCenturySeminar,Kunming,2010QualificationsofLibraryStaffinaNetworkedEnvironment网络环境下对图书馆员业务技能的要求焦书勤圣路易斯大学（美国)ShuqinJiaoPiusXIIMemorialLibrarySaintLouisUniversityMissouri,USACALA21stCenturySeminar,Kunming,2010PeoplewareCALA21stCenturySeminar,Kunming,2010QualificationsofLibraryStaff图书馆工作人员资格I.EvolvingLibraryJobsandOrganizationStructures图书馆工作及组织机构变革II.LibraryStaffQualificationsandCompetences图书馆员资格和业务能力III.StaffRecruitment,TrainingandEvaluation图书馆工作人员招收,培训和评估CALA21stCenturySeminar,Kunming,2010Challenges挑战•Technology科学技术•SocietalExperiences社会经历•PatronExpectation读者期待CALA21stCenturySeminar,Kunming,2010LibraryOrganizationalStructures图书馆组织结构•Administration行政•PublicServices公共服务•TechnicalServices技术服务CALA21stCenturySeminar,Kunming,2010LibraryStaffCategories图书馆工作人员类别•ProfessionalLibrarians专业图书馆员–Facultystatus教员地位•Tenure终身制•Non-tenure非终身制–Nonfacultystatus非教员地位•LibrarianI-IV•Supportstaff/Paraprofessionals职员/非馆员–Salarypaid月工资–Hourlypaid双周制工资•Part-timestudentassistants半职学生工CALA21stCenturySeminar,Kunming,2010ProfessionalLibrarians专业图书馆员ReferenceLibrarian参考咨询馆员SubjectLibrarian学科馆员AcquisitionLibrarian采购馆员Cataloger分类编目馆员SerialLibrarian期刊馆员ElectronicResourceLibrarian电子期刊馆员AccessServicesLibrarian流通馆员？ILLLibrarian馆藉互借馆员Archivist档案馆员DigitizationLibrarian数字馆员SpecialCollectionLibrarian特殊典藏馆员SystemLibrarian系统馆员SubjectLibrarian学科馆员ReferenceLibrarian参考咨询馆员LiaisonLibrarian联系人SubjectLibrarian学科馆员BusinessLibrarian商业学科馆员GovernmentDocumentLibrarian政府出版物馆员FacultyLibrarian教员馆员DepartmentalLibrarian院系图书馆员CollectionDevelopmentLibrarian馆藏建设馆员LibraryInstructionlibrarian课程指导馆员SubjectLibrarian学科馆员Requirements素质资格•BachelorsDegree本科学位•MLS图书馆学硕士学位•SecondMaster’sDegreeormore第二硕士学位或者更高学位SubjectLibrarian学科馆员Responsibilities职责范围•GeneralReference参考咨询•CollectionDevelopment馆藏建设•LibraryInstruction/InformationLiteracy图书馆教学指导，信息素质培养•Liaison院系联络人•iCommons信息共享空间•Research&Policies研究，政策制定CALA21stCenturySeminar,Kunming,2010SupportStaff/Paraprofessionals图书馆助理工作人员/职员•LibraryAssociates图书馆助理–UnitSupervisors•LibraryAssistants图书馆助理–Dailyroutines•OtherSupportingStaff–Systemsupportstaff图书馆系统技术员–Businessmanager财务总监/人事管理人员–AdministrativeAssistants/行政助理–Secretary/秘书CALA21stCenturySeminar,Kunming,2010I.EvolvingLibraryJobsandOrganizationStructures图书馆工作及组织机构变革Research学者研究(JobAnalysis工作招聘广告分析)•Xu,Hong:AmericanLibraries1971-1990Xu,H.(1996).Theimpactofautomationonjobrequirementsandqualificationsforcatalogersandreferencelibrariansinacademiclibraries.LibraryResourcesandTechnicalServices.5(Jan,1996),9-31.•LynchandSmith:College&ResearchLibraries(1973-1998)Lynch,B.P.&Smith,K.R.(2001).Thechangingnatureofworkinacademiclibraries.College&ResearchLibraries.62(Sept.),407-420.•CardinaandWicks(1991-2001)Cardina,C.&Wicks,D.(2004).Thechangingroleofacademicreferencelibrariansoveraten-yearperiod.ReferenceandUserServicesQuarterly.44(2),133-142.•ChoiandRasmusse(1999-2007)Choi,Y&Rasmussen,E.(2009).Whatqualificationsandskillsareimportantfordigitallibrarianpositionsinacademiclibraries?Ajobadvertisementanalysis.TheJournalofAcademicLibrarianship.35(5),457-467.CALA21stCenturySeminar,Kunming,2010LibraryJobAds招聘广告ProfessionalLibrarianJobCategories1.Administration(deans,directors,AULs,etc.)管理人员–Headofasubject/branchlibrary(Chemistry,art,EastAsian,etc.)–Headofalibrarydept.(function:accessservices,reference,cataloging,etc.)2.Generalandsubjectreference,instruction,collectiondevelopmentlibrarians参考咨询馆员3.Technicalservices(acquisitions,cataloger,andserials)技术服务馆员4.Specialcollections(anyposition),governmentdocuments,rarebooks,archives,mediaetc.特藏馆员5.InformationSystem(automation,networks,systems,etc.)系统馆员SummarybasedonLynchandSmith,2001)CALA21stCenturySeminar,Kunming,2010I.EvolvingLibraryJobsandOrganizationStructures图书馆工作及组织机构变革Trends…•Automationisdrivingforce自动化是推动力•Technologyiscatalyst科学技术是催化剂-internet,web2.0tools,digitization•Catalogers-63%decline(1990-1998)•AccessServices–ExpandedCirculation•EmergingPositions–新兴职位(Webmaster,ElectronicResourceLibrarian,DigitalLibrarian)AccessServices获取服务/存取服务？Characters:特点•Access获取信息资料–PhysicalSpace学习空间(Building)–PhysicalMaterials实物载体(PrintMaterials,MediaCollection,Microform,etc.)•ShipmentandDocumentDelivery资料传送和文献转递•ReinforceLibraryPolices执行政策•Routinework日常工作AccessServices获取服务/存取服务Units(工作单元)•Circulation流通•InterlibraryLoan/DocumentDelivery•馆籍互借/文献传递•CourseReserves/ElectronicReserves教学参考暂存服务？•StacksMaintenance/CollectionManagement•书库管理•BuildingMonitor开馆闭馆，安全保卫•DistanceEducation远程教育CALA21stCenturySeminar,Kunming,2010I.EvolvingLibraryJobsandOrganizationStructures图书馆工作及组织机构变革“Librarieshavetomovefromacquisitionastheprimaryandcentralgoaltoaccess.”图书馆不得不从以采购为中心的目标转向已获取为中心。-RobertDarnton,DirectorofHarvardUniversityLibraryCALA21stCenturySeminar,Kunming,2010I.EvolvingLibraryJobsandOrganizationStructures图书馆工作及组织机构变革BlendedLibrarian：“Anacademiclibrarianwhocombinesthetraditionalskillsetoflibrarianshipwiththeinformationtechnologist’shardware/softwareskills,andtheinstructionaloreducationaldesigner’sabilitytoapplytechnologyappropriatelyintheteaching-learningprocess”-Sinclair,2009,p.504•全/多能馆