航运业务与海商法

MaritimeTransportMaritimeLaw1远洋运输业务与海商法MaritimeTransportandMaritimeLawMaritimeTransportMaritimeLaw2第一章国际贸易流程及国际贸易术语买方/收货人卖方/托运人①买卖合同（如:500台电视,每台500美元CIF)买方银行卖方银行②申请开证L/C③指示装货港④货物⑤提单B/L⑥B/L⑦B/L⑧付款⑨B/L⑩海运船东代理⑾运费交付⑿⒀通知⒁付款⒂B/L⒃付款卸货港(18)货物⒄B/L④订舱④通知MaritimeTransportMaritimeLaw4•买卖合同(价格条款)•信用证（支付方式）小案例：对“价格条款”与“支付条款”的理解•海运合同•提单一些重要的单据文件nextMaritimeTransportMaritimeLaw5国际贸易术语（INCOTERMS）国际贸易术语概念国际贸易术语是在国际贸易中逐渐形成的，表明不同的交货条件下，买卖双方在交易中的费用、责任及风险划分的以英文缩写表示的专门用语2000年通则规定的贸易术语MaritimeTransportMaritimeLaw6E组EXW（EXworks）：工厂交货卖方责任：（1）工厂交货；（2）交货前风险及费用；（3）提交单证。买方责任：（1）运输（运费）；（2）接货后风险及费用；（3）进出口手续MaritimeTransportMaritimeLaw7F组FAS（Freealongsideship）：船边交货，风险转移以船边为界；FOB（Freeonboard）：船上交货，风险转移以船舷为界；FCA（Freecarrier）：货交承运人，风险转移以货交承运人的时间和地点为界。特点：卖方责任：（1）出口承运人所在地交货；（2）出口清关手续；（3）提供单证买方责任：（1）运费；（2）保险；（3）进口清关手续MaritimeTransportMaritimeLaw8FOB:卖方在装港船上交货风险在船舷转移卖方办出口手续海运买方负责运输、保险、进口手续铁路、公路买方风险划分费用划分MaritimeTransportMaritimeLaw9C组CFR（costandfreight）：成本加运费；CIF（costinsuranceandfreight）成本保险费加运费；CPT（carriagepaidto）运费付至（指定目的地）；CIP（carriageinsurancepaidto）运费保险费付至（指定目的地）。特点：卖方义务：（1）运费；（2）货物在装运港越过船舷前或交承运人前的风险费用；（3）出口清关手续；（4）提供单证。买方义务：（1）货物越过船舷后或交承运人后的风险和费用；（2）进口的清关手续。MaritimeTransportMaritimeLaw10CFR卖方在装港船上交货风险在船舷转移卖方卖方承担运费海运出口手续进口手续铁路公路买方风险划分费用划分买方买方负责保险MaritimeTransportMaritimeLaw11CIF卖方在装港船上交货风险在船舷转移海运出口手续进口手续铁路公路买方风险划分费用划分买方买方既承担运费又负责保险MaritimeTransportMaritimeLaw12D组DAF（deliveredatFrontier）：边境交货；DES（deliveredexship）：目的港船上交货；DEQ（deliveredexquay）：目的港码头交货；DDU（delivereddutyunpaid）：未完税交货；DDP（delivereddutypaid）：完税后交货。特点：卖方责任：（1）将货物运至约定地点交货；（2）承担至目的地前的风险和费用；（3）出口清关手续。买方责任：（1）承担货物至目的地后的风险和费用；（2）除（DDP）外进口清关手续。backMaritimeTransportMaritimeLaw13Homework:Pleasestatethehistory,thepurposesandthemeaningsofINCOTERMS.Pleasestatethedefinition,thetypes,theflowingprocessandtheimportanceofLETTEROFCREDITintheinternationaltrade.MaritimeTransportMaritimeLaw14第二章远洋运输营运方式买方/收货人卖方/托运人装货港④货物⑤提单B/L⑥B/L⑩海运船东代理⑾运费交付卸货港(18)货物⒄B/L④订舱从海运流程看从海运流程看海运业范围海运业范围MaritimeTransportMaritimeLaw16Whoarethey?Andwhatdotheydo?ShippingCompanyShipregistrationandflagstatecontrolPortsofcallandportstatecontrolNationalandinternationalregulationsregulatoryfinancialShipbuildingindustryBanks,shipyardcredit,stockexchangesShiprepairandmaintenanceMaritimecourt,lawyersandarbitrationlegaltechnicalSecondhandmarket,andshipscrapingShipsurveyandclassificationInsurance,mutualityPortscallandberthingCargohandlingBunkeringandprovisionoperationalcommercialForwardersandshippersBrokersandagentsMaritimeTransportMaritimeLaw17ThecommercialrelationshipSUPPLYbyShipownerDEMANDfromForwarder,shipper,brokerTotransportCARGObyseaMaritimeTransportMaritimeLaw18海运货物的种类CrudeoiloilproductsLiquidbulkcoalironoregrainbauxiteandaluminaphosphatemajorbulksotherbulkgeneralcargootherdryDrycargoWorldseabornetrade海运货物液体散货干散货石油石油制品主要类型其它类型煤铁矿石粮食铝矾土磷矿石其它散货杂货MaritimeTransportMaritimeLaw19国际货物运输种类班轮运输（Linershipping）租船运输（Trampshipping）MaritimeTransportMaritimeLaw20海运货物的种类与运输方式种类CrudeoiloilproductsLiquidbulkcoalironoregrainbauxiteandaluminaphosphatemajorbulksotherbulkgeneralcargootherdryDrycargoWorldseabornetrade海运货物液体散货干散货石油石油制品主要类型其它类型煤铁矿石粮食铝矾土磷矿石其它散货杂货linershippingTrampshippingMaritimeTransportMaritimeLaw21TwotypesofshippingservicesLinershipping*operational:fixedsailingschedules,fixedports,andfixedvessels*organizational:well-structure,large*contractual:billoflading*commercial:fixedtariffsTrampshipping*operational:irregularintimeandports*organizational:smallwithfewshipsforindividualvoyages*contractual:charterparty*commercial:greatnumberofcharterersandshipownersinafreeandcompetitivemarketnextMaritimeTransportMaritimeLaw22几种租船运输方式的区别BareboatCharterTimeCharterVoyageCharterCostElementsCapitalCostOOODailyCostCOOmanningCOOrepairandmaintenanceCOOinsuranceCOOVoyageCostCCObunkersCCOportandcanalCCOcargohandlingCCCorOThefundamentaldifference:whoeverlooksforCARGOES,paysforthetransport(thevoyage)whoeveroperatetheVessel,payfortheoperation(thedailyrunningcost)whoeverowntheVessel,payforthevesselitself(thecapitalcost)Paymenthire/day(month)hire/day(month)rate/tonneChartererChartererOwnerOwnerMaritimeTransportMaritimeLaw23船型及其大小WORLDSEABORNETRADE,2003,byUNCTAD干散货船Drybulkcarriers:好望角型Capesize80,000dwtplus巴拿马型Panamax50,000–79,999dwt大灵便型Handymax35,000–49,999dwt灵便型Handy20,000–34,999dwt油轮Crudeoiltankers:超大型油轮ULCC300,000dwtplus大型油轮VLCC150,000–299,999dwt苏伊士型Suezmax100,000–149,999dwt阿芙拉型Aframax50,000–99,999dwt成品油轮Productoiltankers:灵便型Handysize25,000－39,999dwt中程Mediumrange(MR)40,000－49,999dwt长程Longrange(LR)50,000－90,000dwtbackMaritimeTransportMaritimeLaw24HomeworkPleaseintroducethebusinesscategories,therecentperformanceanddevelopmentoftheworldTOP10SHIPPINGCOMPANIES.MaritimeTransportMaritimeLaw25第三章货运单证买方/收货人卖方/托运人装货港④货物⑤提单B/L⑥B/L⑩海运船东代理⑾运费交付卸货港(18)货物⒄B/L④订舱海运流程中的海运流程中的海运单证海运单证托运人船东代理船舶大副1.托运手续(B/N)2.装货单（S/O）海关4.出口报关3.装货清单（L/L）码头仓库6.货物7.商检、验关8.货物装船9.大副签发M/R交托运人10.付费，取单（B/L）（5.据L/L编制配载图（C/P））在装货港的流程与单证卸货港的流程MaritimeTransportMaritimeLaw29在装货港的单证托运单(B/N:BookingNote):运输合同的成立装货单(S/O:ShippingOrder):凭此报关和要求船长装船装货清单(L/L:LoadingList):全船待装货汇总单证配载图(C/P:CargoPlan)收货单(M/R:Mate’sReceipt):