基于Matlab的光学衍射实验仿真正式论文

I基于Matlab的光学衍射实验仿真[e-mail]完整版本摘要光学试验中衍射实验是非常重要的实验.光的衍射是指光在传播过程中遇到障碍物时能够绕过障碍物的边缘前进的现象,光的衍射现象为光的波动说提供了有力的证据.衍射系统一般有光源、衍射屏和接受屏组成,按照它们相互距离的大小可将衍射分为两大类,一类是衍射屏与光源和接受屏的距离都是无穷远时的衍射,称为夫琅禾费衍射,一类是衍射屏与光源或接受屏的距离为有限远时的衍射称为菲涅尔衍射。本文用Matlab软件对典型的衍射现象建立了数学模型，对衍射光强分布进行了编程运算，对衍射实验进行了仿真。最后创建了交互式GUI界面，用户可以通过改变输入参数模拟不同条件下的衍射条纹。本文对于衍射概念、区别、原理及光强分布编程做了详细全面的介绍关键字：Matlab；衍射；仿真;GUI界面;光学实验IIMatlab-basedSimulationofOpticalDiffractionExperimentAbstractOpticaldiffractionexperimentisaveryimportantexperiment.isthediffractionoflightpropagationoflightintheobstaclesencounteredintheprocesstobypasstheobstacleswhentheforwardedgeofthephenomenonoflightdiffractionphenomenonofthewavetheoryoflightprovidesastrongEvidence.diffractionsystemsgenerallyhavelight,diffractionscreenandacceptthescreencomposition,sizeaccordingtotheirdistancefromeachotherdiffractioncanbedividedintotwocategories,oneisthediffractionscreenandthelightsourceandthereceivingscreenisinfinitywhenthedistancebetweenthediffractionKnownasFraunhoferdiffraction,oneisdiffractionscreenandthelightsourceoracceptalimitedawayfromthescreenwhenthediffractioniscalledFresneldiffraction.Inthispaper,Matlabsoftwareonatypicalphenomenonofamathematicalmodelofdiffraction,thediffractionintensitydistributionoftheprogrammingoperation,thediffractionexperimentissimulated.Finally,createaninteractiveGUIinterface,userscanchangetheinputparameterstosimulatedifferentconditionsofthediffractionpattern.Thisconceptofthediffraction,difference,intensitydistributionofprogrammingprinciplesandadetailedcomprehensivedescriptionKeyword:matlab；diffraction;simulation;guiinterface;opticalexperimentIII目录1绪论.......................................................................................................................11.1光学仿真的研究意义...........................................................................................................11.2国内外研究现状...................................................................................................................21.3MATLAB仿真的优越性........................................................................................................21.4仿真的主要内容...................................................................................................................22衍射.......................................................................................................................32.1光的衍射现象......................................................................................................32.1.1衍射定义........................................................................................................32.1.2光的衍射现象................................................................................................32.2惠更斯——费涅耳原理......................................................................................62.2.1原理表述........................................................................................................62.2.2原理的定量表达式........................................................................................62.3夫琅禾费原理.....................................................................................................72.3.1夫琅禾费衍射的装置...................................................................................................82.3.2夫琅禾费矩孔衍射........................................................................................92.3.3夫琅禾费单缝衍射......................................................................................102.3.4夫琅禾费多缝衍射......................................................................................112.3.5多缝衍射图样..............................................................................................122.4菲涅尔衍射原理................................................................................................132.4.1菲涅尔半波带法..........................................................................................132.4.2菲涅尔单缝衍射..........................................................................................142.4.3矩孔菲涅尔衍射..........................................................................................153夫琅禾费衍射仿真.........................................................................................163.1夫琅禾费单缝衍射仿真....................................................................................173.2夫琅禾费多缝衍射仿真...................................................................................193.3夫琅禾费矩孔衍射仿真....................................................................................204菲涅尔衍射仿真..............................................................................................274.1菲涅尔方孔衍射仿真........................................................................................234.2菲涅耳单缝衍射仿真........................................................................................265交互式GUI界面.............................................................................................296总结.....................................................................................................................30IV参考文献............