SPM-fMRI数据分析总述-全面但省略了细节

目录SPMIntroduction..............................................................................................................................2一、预处理流程...............................................................................................................................50、预处理的workflow............................................................................................................51、SliceTiming时间层校正...................................................................................................52、Realignment头动校正......................................................................................................63、Coregister配准..................................................................................................................84、Segment分割.....................................................................................................................95、Normalize空间标准化......................................................................................................96、Smooth平滑....................................................................................................................11二、个体分析.................................................................................................................................121、Modelspecification建立模型..........................................................................................132、ModelEstimate模型估计................................................................................................173、ContrastsandPrintingResults..........................................................................................174、Multipleconditionsfilefor1stleveldesignspecification................................................20三、群体分析2ndlevelanalysis...................................................................................................24Specify
Design.......................................................................................................................25Model
estimation....................................................................................................................25Contrasts.................................................................................................................................25Results.....................................................................................................................................26Overlay
Images......................................................................................................................26四、fMRIdataqualitycontrol(QC)...............................................................................................271、Motivations-whywedothisprocess？.............................................................................272、Termsusedinqualitycontrol............................................................................................273、Commonartifacts..............................................................................................................304、QualityControl(QC)checklist.........................................................................................32Acquisition......................................................................................................................32Processing.......................................................................................................................32Modeling/statistics..........................................................................................................33SPMIntroductionSPM，即统计参数图，也是这个软件的最终输出，它是由英国伦敦大学的Friston教授等人在通用数学软件包Matlab基础上开发的软件系统，其统计功能非常强大，设计这个软件包的初衷是采用统计的方法来处理fMRI，PET和SPECT的数据。先写一下SPM8的安装：有必要说一下SPM实际不是一个独立的软件，它相当于一个用Matlab程序编写的工具箱，必须依赖Matlab的环境完成其功能。言归正传，首先将下载好的SPM8程序包导入Matlab，复制整个spm8文件夹到MATLAB的安装路径：MATLAB\R2009a\toolbox\下。然后运行Matlab，在其主窗口选择File-setpath-AddwithSubfolders-spm8-save-close。设置完成后在Matlab中执行命令spmfmri。这样出现了spm8的操作界面（如下图），这也表示spm8安装成功！我们称左上侧的窗口为按钮窗口(buttonwindow)，左下侧的窗口为输入窗口(inputwindow)，右侧大窗口为树形结构窗口或图形窗口(TreeBuildingWindoworthegraphicswindow)。一、SPM如何使用a、SPM的三大窗口（windows）：可以看到，第一个为主要窗口，分成三部分，最上面的一部分是预处理需要用到的功能，中间是一阶分析（个体分析）和二阶分析（群体分析）板块，最下面是toolbox、DCM/PPI和batch功能。b、初学者刚刚开始使用SPM的时候可以选择单个步骤一步一步来处理数据，但熟悉每个步骤的意义和注意事项之后，应该主要使用batch功能来进行数据的批处理，更确切地说是使用Matlab语言编写的SPMscript来处理fMRIdata。二、OrderofProcessingPreprocessing数据预处理主要包括三个大框架（1）Convertdicomfilestohdrfilesandimgimages；（2）Temporalprocessing，即SliceTiming；（3）Spatialprocessing，包括Realign、Normalize和Smooth。具体步骤下面有讲统计分析过程个体分析——使用Specify1stlevel做单个被试(singlesubject)分析；组分析——使用Specify2ndlevel做组分析(groupanalysis)。三、TwoViewsonfMRIDataInordertobetterunderstanddifferentfMRIdataanalysissteps,twodifferentviewsontherecordedfour-dimensional(3xspaceand1xtime)datasetsarehelpful.Inoneview,the4Ddataisconceptualizedasasequenceoffunctionalvolumes(3Dimages).Thisviewisveryusefultounderstandspatialanalysissteps(seefigureabove,toppart).Duringmotioncorrection,forexample,eachfunctionalvolumeofarunisalignedtoaselectedreferencevolumebyadjustingr