搜索
20161.511.1802.1-703.I.ReadingComprehension(30%;onemarkeach)Directions:Readthefollowingsixpassages.Answerthequestionsbeloweachpassagebychoosing[A],[B],[C],or[D].WriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.PassageOneWhenapersonbeginsamediatedorimmediateencounter,healreadystandsinsomekindofsocialrelationshiptotheothersconcerned,andexpectstostandinagivenrelationshiptothemaftertheparticularencounterends.This,ofcourse,isoneofthewaysinwhichsocialcontactsaregearedintothewidersociety.Muchoftheactivityoccurringduringanencountercanbeunderstoodasaneffortoneveryonesparttogetthroughtheoccasionandalltheunanticipatedandunintentionaleventsthatcancastparticipantsinanundesirablelight,withoutdisruptingtherelationshipsoftheparticipants.Andifrelationshipsareintheprocessofchangetheobjectwillbetobringtheencountertoasatisfactoryclosewithoutalteringtheexpectedcourseofdevelopment.Theperspectivenicelyaccounts,forexample,forthelittleceremoniesofgreetingandfarewellwhichoccurwhenpeoplebeginaconversationalencounterordepartfromone.Greetingsprovideawayofshowingthatarelationshipisstillwhatitwasattheterminationofthepreviousco-participation,and,typically,thatthisrelationshipinvolvessufficientsuppressionofhostilityfortheparticipantstemporarilytodroptheirguardsandtalk.Farewellssumuptheeffectoftheencounterupontherelationshipandshowwhattheparticipantsmayexpectofoneanotherwhentheynextmeet.Theenthusiasmofgreetingscompensatesfortheweakeningoftherelationshipcausedbytheabsencejustterminated,whiletheenthusiasmoffarewellscompensatestherelationshipfortheharmthatisabouttobedonetoitbyseparation.Itseemstobeacharacteristicobligationofmanysocialrelationshipsthateachofthemembersguaranteestosupportagivenfacefortheothermembersingivensituations.Topreventdisruptionoftheserelationships,itisthereforenecessarilyforeachmembertoavoiddestroyingtheothersface.Atthesametime,itisoftenthepersonssocialrelationshipwithothersthatleadshimtoparticipateincertainencounterswiththem,whereincidentallyhewillbedependentuponthemforsupportinghisface.Furthermore,inmanyrelationships,thememberscometoshareaface,sothatinthepresenceofthirdpartiesanimproperactonthepartofonememberbecomesasourceofacuteembarrassmenttotheothermembers.Asocialrelationship,then,canbeseenasawayinwhichthepersonismorethanordinarilyforcedtotrusthisself-imageandfacetothetactandgoodconductofothers.1.Thelastwordofthefirstsentence,namelyends'ismostlikelyB.[A]anoun,meaningpurposesorobjectives[B]averb,meaningcomestoafinish[C]apostpositionaladjective,meaningfinishing[D]anadjective,meaningpurposeful2.Accordingtotheauthor,ifanyunexpecteddifficultiesoccurinasocialcontact,B.[A]therelationshipsbetweentheparticipantsbreakup[B]thosewhoparticipatewillbeinanunintentionalevent[C]allparticipantswouldtrytomaintaintheirrelationships|D]theparticipantswillcertainlygetthroughanactivity3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanideaoftheauthor?C[A]Theparticipantshopetheirrelationshipwouldbethesameastheymetlast.[B]Greetingsarejustasimportantasfarewellsinasocialencounter.[C]Beforeeverygreetingthereisalwayssufficienthostilitytosuppress.[D]Iftheirrelationshipchanges,theparticipantswantittochangeastheyhoped.4.Thelastsentenceofthesecondparagraphmeansthat.A[A]onesself-imageisdependentonhowothersbehave[B]faceandself-imagearetwodifferentkindsofrelationships[C]socialrelationshipissomethingthatisforcedonallparticipants[D]togetalongwellwithothersisaprocessofgivingeachotherface5.Thebesttitleforthispassagemaywellbe.A[A]FaceandSocialRelationship[B]HowtoConductSocially[C]GreetingsandFarewells[D]ConversationalSociologyPassageTwoTips:ThepoetWilliamBlakewroteintheearlynineteenthcentury:Greatthingsaredonewhenmenandmountainsmeet.GreatthingsindeedweredoneonMountEverestinMayof1996.Alsopoignantthings,foolishthings,deadlythingsHundredsofclimbersfromelevendifferentexpeditionswereonthemountain----thirty-onenearthesummit----whenafreakishandfierce-somestormblewin.Eightclimbersperished,thehighestone-daydeathtollsincethefirstexpeditiontriedtoreachthetopoftheworldstallestpeakin1921.Adventurershavealwayssoughtchallenges:deeperjungles,wideroceans,newerworlds.Butmountainshavebeenspecial.Perhapsitstheirsize,theirpower,theirresistancetoconquest.InPatrickMeyerssplayK2,amaroonedclimberontheHimalayapeakthatgivestheplayitsnamedeliversthisline:Mountainsaremetaphors.Andsotheyare.Climberssearchnotjustforsummitsbutalsoforthemselves.Theyreachuptoreachin.ThathelpsexplainwhyEveresthasbeenenvelopedbyMountainMadnessthenameofaSeattlecompanythatoffersguidedtoursofthepeakforabout$65,000(plusairfaretoNepal).Newtechnologyandequipmenthavealsohelped:lightergear,warmerclothing,betterradiosandtelephones.Andtheadventurecanbeshared,practicallyinrealtime,withInternetbrowsersaroundtheworld.Butthecommunityofhigh-mountainexplorersnowisgrippedbysoul-searchingandsecond-guessing.Everest,afterall,isnotathemepeak.Someofthedeadwereexperiencedguideswholosttheirlivestryingtosavelessagileamateurs.SaidMarkBryant,editorofOutsideMagazines:Someofushavebeenasking:IsitrightthatanaverageclimbercanorderanascentofEverestoutofacatalog?AnAustralianmountai