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枣园地铁站深基坑开挖及边坡支护边坡开挖支护设计摘要边坡工程是指在地表以下开挖的一个地下空间及其配套的支护体系。而边坡支护就是为保证边坡开挖，基础施工的顺利进行及边坡周边环境的安全，对边坡侧壁以及周边环境采用的支挡，加固与保护措施。边坡支护体系是临时结构，安全储备较小，具有较大风险，边坡工程具有很强的区域性。不同水文，工程地质环境条件下边坡工程的差异很大。边坡工程环境效应复杂，边坡开挖不仅要保证边坡本身的安全稳定，而且要有效的控制边坡周边地层移动以及保护周围环境。本文先介绍了枣园站的工程概况，包括水文地质和周围环境，然后通过结合对现有边坡开挖支护工法和车站实际情况的比较选择出了适合本站的开挖支护方案。下来通过土压力的计算、结构内力的计算，配筋、验算、支撑设计、变形估算等对边坡的开挖支护作了理论上的数据分析，最后通过施工组织说明了各个工序施工的工法和应注意的问题。关键词：支护方案，地下连续墙，支撑，施工组织设计土木工程毕业设计（论文）AbstractFoundationPitistheexcavationofanundergroundspacebelowthesurfaceandacoordinatedsupportsystem.BracingoffoundationpitistoensurethatexcavationandfoundationconstructionforthesmoothandsafeenvironmentFoundationPitandusedthepitretainingwallreinforcementandprotection.BracingofFoundationPitstructureisthestructuralsafetyoftemporaryreservesaresmaller,morerisk.Foundationpitstructurehasastrongregional.Excavationworksunderdifferenthydrologicalenvironmentalandgeologicalconditionsarevastly.Effectscomplexexcavation,excavationpitisnotonlynecessarytoensuretheirownsafety，butalsotoeffectivelycontrolthepitsurroundingstrata.First，thepaperintroducesthegeneralengineeringsituationofZaoyuanStation，Includinghydrologicalgeologyandtheenvironment，Then，basedontheexistingfoundationpitexcavationmethodandstationactualsituationselectthesuitableforthestationoftheexcavationandsupportscheme。Andthen，throughthesoilpressurecalculation,structurecalculation,reinforcement,checking,supportdesign,deformationestimation，thenmadeatheoreticalanalysisofthedatafortheexcavationoffoundationpitsupporting。Finally，throughtheconstructionorganizationdescribestheconstructionprocessofthemethodandtheproblemwhichshouldbenoted.KEYWORDS:Supportingscheme,theUndergroundcontinuouswall,Support,Constructionorganizationdesign边坡开挖支护设计目录第一章工程概况...............................................11.1工程简介.................................................11.2工程地质与水文地质条件..................................11.2.1车站工程地质层分布与特征描述.........................11.2.2水文地质条件........................................21.2.3特殊地质条件.........................................3第二章支护方案的选择与比较...................................42.1边坡支护的类型及其特点和适用范围.........................42.1.1深层搅拌水泥土围护墙.................................42.1.2土钉墙...............................................42.1.3排桩支护.............................................52.1.4槽钢钢板桩...........................................52.1.5钻孔灌注桩...........................................52.1.6钢板桩...............................................62.1.7SMW工法..............................................62.1.8地下连续墙...........................................62.2方案的比较及确定.........................................72.2.1边坡的特点...........................................72.2.2支护方案的选择.......................................8第三章土压力计算............................................103.1地面荷载的确定..........................................103.2按分层土计算土压力......................................103.3土层力学参数平均值......................................13第四章结构内力计算..........................................154.1计算理论的确定..........................................15土木工程毕业设计（论文）4.2结构内力计算及配筋......................................154.2.1土压力计算..........................................154.2.2用等值梁法计算弯矩..................................184.3地下连续墙的配筋计算....................................254.3.1纵筋配置............................................254.3.2水平筋配置..........................................28第五章边坡稳定性分析........................................295.1边坡的整体稳定性验算....................................295.2边坡的抗隆起稳定验算....................................295.3边坡的抗渗流稳定性验算..................................31第六章支撑设计.............................................326.1方案比较................................................326.2围檩设计................................................326.3支撑设计................................................34第七章边坡变形估算及控制...................................367.1概述....................................................367.2边坡的变形估算........................................367.2.1水平位移估算........................................367.2.2边坡隆起估算........................................367.2.3地表沉降估算........................................37第八章施工组织设计.........................................388.1施工场地的布置..........................................388.2地下连续墙的施工........................................388.2.1导墙施工............................................388.2.2槽段开挖............................................408.2.3地下墙接头形式......................................438.2.4钢筋笼整幅吊装措施..................................44边坡开挖支护设计8.2.5泥浆系统.............................................448.3工程质量的保证..........................................488.4文明施工措施............................................488.5环境保护措施............................................49结论.........................................................50致谢.........................................................52参考文献.....................................................53附录.........................................................55土木工程毕业设计（论文）前言边坡工程是我国当前地基基础领域一个重要的研究方向。边坡工程在二十世纪八十年代