基于单片机的智能照明控制系统设计

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本科生毕业论文(设计)题目室内智能照明控制系统的研究与设计学生姓名李天顺学号201016030121专业班级建筑电气与智能化10101班指导老师曾进辉2013年11月基于单片机的智能照明控制系统设计摘要随着电子技术的飞速发展,基于单片机的控制系统已广泛应用于工业、农业、电力、电子、智能楼宇等行业,微型计算机作为嵌入式控制系统的主体与核心,代替了传统的控制系统的常规电子线路。楼宇智能化的发展与成熟,也为基于单片机的照明控制系统的普及与应用奠定了坚实的基础。本文介绍了基于单片机AT89C51的室内灯光控制系统及其原理,提出了有效的节能控制方法。该系统采用了当今比较成熟的传感技术和计算机控制技术,利用多参数来实现对学校教室室内照明的控制。系统设计包括硬件设计和软件设计两部分。该照明控制系统的主控制器、分控制器分别是以AT89C51和AT89C2051单片机为基础,实现了通信、信号采集、控制与显示等功能。使用光电子镇流器,使光源具备自动调节功能。文中详细地描述了控制电路的设计过程,包括:光信号取样电路、人体信号采集电路、键盘与LED显示电路、RS485通信电路、照明灯控制电路、看门狗电路以及信号处理电路等。对于软件设计主要有主控制器、分控制器的有线通信程序设计以及灯光控制、定时控制、键盘扫描与LED显示等程序设计。工作时,光信号取样电路采集光照强弱、人体信号采集电路采集室内是否有人、是否为工作时间等信息并将信号送到单片机,单片机根据这些信息通过控制电路对照明设备进行开关操作,从而实现照明控制,以达到节能的目的。关键词:智能控制,主控制器,分控制器,单片机,定时控制TheControlSystemforIntelligentLightingBasedonSingle–chipMicrocomputerAuthor:LiGuozhongTutor:SunManAbstractWiththerapiddevelopmentofelectronictechnology,thesystemofcontrolbasedonSingle-chipMicrocomputeriswidelyappliedinindustry,agriculture,electricpower,electron,intelligentbuildingandsoon.Microcomputer,asthesubjectandcoreoftheembeddedsystemofcontrol,replacesthetraditionalsystem—electroniccircuit.Atthesametime,thedevelopmentandmaturationoftheintelligentbuildinghaveestablishedthesubstantialfoundationforthepopularizationandapplicationofthecontrolsystemforlightingbasedonsingle-chipmicrocomputer。Inthispaper,theIndoorLightingControlSystemBasedonAT89C51anditsprincipleareintroduced.Someeffectiveandenergysavingcontrolstrategysoflightingsystemarebroughtforward.Thecurrentsystemusesarelativelymaturesensortechnologyandcomputercontroltechnology,usingmulti-parametertoachievetheschoolclassroomindoorlightingcontrol.Thesystemincludeshardwareandsoftwaredesignintwoparts.ThehostcontrollerofthecontrolsystemforlightingisbasedonAT89C51single-chipmicrocomputer,andtheauxiliaryonesarebasedonAT89c2051.Thesystemcandomanyjobs,suchaswiredcommunication,SignalAcquisition,wirelessdatatransmitting,controllinganddisplay.Useofelectonicballasts;thelightsourcewithautomaticadjustmentfunction.Thepaperdescribesthedesigningprocessofthecircuitatlength,including:Opticalsignalsamplingcircuit,thebodysignalacquisitioncircuit,keyboardandLEDdisplaycircuit,RS485communicationcircuit,wirelesstransmittingcircuit,controlcircuitoflighting,watchdogcircuit,etc.Thedesigningofsoftwaremainlyincludestheseveralprogramming,suchaswiredcommunication,lamplightcontrolling,timedcontrolling,keyboardscanning,LEDdisplayingandsignalprocessingcircuit.ThewiredcommunicationprogrammingfunctionisthatthroughMaster-slavecommunicationmethodbasedonRS485thehostcontrollersendsorderstotheallauxiliarycontrollersoreachone,including:turningonlighting,turningofflighting,regulatingbrightnessoflighting,controllingtimedlighting,etc.Work,theopticalsignalsamplingcircuitcollectinglightingintensity,indoorcollectingofhumansignalacquisitioncircuitifanyone,whetherforworktimeandotherinformationandsignaltothemicrocontroller,MCUcontrolcircuitibasedontheseinformationthroughtheswitchingoperationoflightingequipmentinordertoachievelightingcontrolstosavaenergy.KeyWords:Intelligentcontrol,Hostcontroller,Auxiliarycontroller,Single-chipmicrocomputer,Timedcontrolling目录1绪论..................................................................11.1课题研究背景.....................................................11.2智能照明控制系统的发展与现状.....................................11.2.1智能控制技术的研究现状.....................................11.2.2国内外智能照明发展概况.....................................11.2.3智能照明控制系统的优点.....................................21.2.4智能照明控制系统的组成.....................................21.2.5现有智能照明控制系统的分析.................................21.3系统设计.........................................................31.3.1系统设计要点...............................................31.3.2系统设计思路...............................................32硬件电路设计与实现....................................................72.1系统硬件总述.....................................................72.2CPU性能介绍......................................................72.3主控制器电路设计.................................................72.3.1键盘的接口设计.............................................82.3.2LED数码显示的接口设计......................................92.3.3看门狗监控电路的设计.......................................92.4分控制器的电路设计...............................................92.5RS485通信电路的设计.............................................102.6光信号取样电路..................................................122.6.1Microwire串行总线性能介绍.................................132.6.2TLC1549的接口设计.........................................142.6.3TCL1549的数据采集程序设计.................................152.7人体信号采集电路................................................162.7.1人体红外探头..............................................162.7.2信号处理电路..............................................192.7.3比较电路..................................................202.8DS12887时钟芯片接口电路设计.....................................212.8.1DS12887的原理及管脚说明...................................212.8.2地址分配表及时间、日历和闹钟的数据格式....................222.8.3DS12887状态控制寄存器.....................................232.8.4DS12887初始化程序................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