200715171~77AdvancesinPsychologicalScience71ERP321004ERPN1P300P1N1P1P300ERPB842Posner1980endogenousexogenous[1]Posner[2]150msSOA500msSOA50msSOA2006-04-17E-mailsuigy@zjnu.cn[3~6]Darren1999fMRI[7]Mayer2004-[8]ERPERPERPERPERP-72-2007Harter1991[9]ERPERPERPERPearlydirectingattentionnegativity,EDAN200ms400msEDAN500ms~700mslatedirectingattentionpositivity,LDAPMangun1994250ms~350msEDAN[10]Eimer1997[11]75%ERPP1N1Nd1-Nd2P180msP1Nd1-Nd2P1Hopf2000[12]92ERPsERP200ms~400msHarter1991EDAN[9]300~500ms400~850msERPs-P1N1200~350ms400~600msP3Doallo2004P1[13]75%4100300500700msSOAP1SOAP1N1[14]75%SOAs100300500700msERPsN1SOAs100msSOAN1300500700msSOAsN1SOA100ms500msSOAs100msSOAN1500msSOAN1500msDoalloP1N1P1N1P1Hopf2000ERP92Doallo2004SOA151ERP-73-6[3]50vs75ERPERPGriffin2002[15]75%/-ERPsP1N1P300Correa2006ERPN2P300[16]ERPEimer2001ERP[17]ERP200ms200msYamaguchi2002-[18]ERP500~650ms240~440ms500ms-Talsma2005[19]ADJARERPERPEDANERPERPERPP2Slagter2005ERP[20]ERP340msERP540msP1P1ERPERPRob1997SOAs100300ms100%[21]ERPP150N230P150N230Fu200170%-74-2007[22]ERPC1P1N1P1N1oddball100ms300msSOAsERPP1N1[23]Doallo200475%50%SOA100300500700msERP[13]100msSOAP1500700msSOAP1P1SOAsP1500msSOADoallo2005N1[14]N1300msSOA100500700msSOAsN1300msSOA100msSOAN1300msP1N1Hopfingera2005[24]ERPP1Schullera2005ERPs[25]P1w110ms--N1w150msC1ERP--N1[17]Oray2002ERPs[26]-120msERPsCzN10040%CzP200/P30025%N100P200/P300N100P200/P300Rinne2006[27]−3,−6,−9,+3,+6,or+9dB,60dBHL186196HzERPsN1MMNP3a151ERP-75-MMNN1MMNP3aP3aN1[28][29]ERPEimer(2000)200ms700msERP[30]ERPERP150msEimerHopfinger2006[31]C1P1P300P1N1ERPN1P300P1C1C150~300msP1N1P300ERPERPERPERPERPERP[1]PosnerMI.Orientingofattention.QuarterlyJournalofExperimentalPsychology,1980,32(1):3~25[2]PosnerMI,CohenY,RafalRD.Neuralsystemscontrolof-76-2007spatialorienting.PhilosophicalTransactionsoftheRoyalSocietyofLondon,SeriesB,1982,298:187~198[3]JonidesJ.Voluntaryvs.automaticcontroloverthemind’seye’smovement.In:JBLong,ADBaddeley(Eds.),AttentionandperformanceIX.Hillsdale,NJ:Erlbaum,1981.187~203[4]McCormickPA.Orientingattentionwithoutawareness.JournalofExperimentalPsychology:HumanPerceptionandPerformance,1997,23(1):168~180[5]DanzigerS,KingstoneA,RafalR.Orientingtoextinguishedsignalsinhemispatialneglect.PsychologicalScience,1998,9(2):119~123[6]ChealM,LyonDR.Centralandperipheralprecuingofforced-choicediscrimination.QuarterlyJournalofExperimentalPsychology:HumanExperimentalPsychology,1991,43a(4):859~880[7]Yun-HeeKim,DarrenRGitelman,AnnaCNobre,ToddBParrish,KevinSLaBar,M-MarselMesulam.Thelarge-scaleneuralnetworkforspatialattentiondisplaysmultifunctionaloverlapbutdifferentialasymmetry.NeuroImage,1999,9(3):269~277[8]AndrewRMayer,JillMDorflinger,StephenMRao,MichaelSeidenberg.Neuralnetworksunderlyingendogenousandexogenousvisual~spatialorienting.NeuroImage,2004,23(2):534~541[9]HarterMR,Anllo-VentoL.Visual-spatialattention:preparationandselectioninchildrenandadults.In:BruniaCHM,VerbatenMN,eds.Event-relatedbrainresearch,Amsterdam:Elsevier,1991.183~194[10]MargunGR.Orientingattentioninthevisualfields:anelectrophysiciologicalanalysis.In:HeinzeHJ,MünteEF,MangunGR,eds.Cognitiveelectrophysiology.Boston:Birkhäuser,1994.81~101[11]EimerM.Uninformativesymboliccuesmaybiasvisual-spatialattention:behavioralandelectrophysiologicalevidence.BiologicalPsychology,1997,46(1):67~71[12]HopfJM,MangunGR.Shiftingvisualattentioninspace:anelectrophysiologicalanalysisusinghighspatialresolutionmapping.ClinicalNeurophysiology,2000,111(7):1241~1257[13]DoalloS,Lorenzo-LöpezL,VizosoC,etal.Thetimecourseoftheeffectsofcentralandperipheralcuesonvisualprocessing:anevent-relatedpotentialsstudy.ClinicalNeurophysiology,2004,115(1):199~210[14]DoalloS,Lorenzo-LöpezL,VizosoC,etal.ModulationsofthevisualN1componentofevent-relatedpotentialsbycentralandperipheralcueing.ClinicalNeurophysiology,2005,116(4):807~820[15]IvanCGriffin,CarloMiniussi,AnnaCNobre.Multiplemechanismsofselectiveattention:Differentialmodulationofstimulusprocessingbyattentiontospaceortime.Neuropsychologia,2002,40(13):2325~2340[16]ÁngelCorrea,JuanLupiáñez,EduardoMadrid,PíoTudela.Temporalattentionenhancesearlyvisualprocessing:Areviewandnewevidencefromevent-relatedpotentials.BrainResearch,2006,1076(1):116~128[17]MartinEimer,JonDriver.Crossmodallinksinendogenousandexogenousspatialattention:evidencefromevent-relatedbrainpotentialstudies.NeuroscienceandBiobehavioralReviews,2001,25(6):497~511[18]ShuheiYamaguchi.Top-downcontrolofvisualattention-effectsofstimulusmodality.InternationalCongressSeries,2002,1232:789~794[19]DurkTalsma,HeleenASlagter,SanderNieuwenhuis,JasperHage,AlbertKok.Theorientingofvisuospatialattention:Anevent-relatedbrainpotentialstudy.CognitiveBrainResearch,2005,25(1):17~129[20]HeleenASlagter,AlbertKok,NisanMol,JLeonKenemans.Spatio-temporaldynamicsoftop-downcontrol:directingattentiontolocationand/orcolorasrevealedbyERPsandsourcemodeling.CognitiveBrainResearch,2005,22(3):333~348[21]RobHJ,vanderLubbe,JaapCWoestenburg.ModulationofearlyERPcomponentswithperipheralprecues:atrendanalysis.BiologicalPsychology,1997,45(1/3):143~158[22]ShiminFu,