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X,11988,19931997,38167,251997,1382,58(41%),32,3,,,,,,,,,199871,4()1994(),,22X1234,CouncilRegu1ation(EC)No905/98AmendingRegulation(EC)No384/96.OJ1998NoL128/18.Commission16thannua1reportontheCommunityanti-dumpingpolicy,COM(1998),482finalp.10.Themeasuresarecountedperproductandcountryconcerned.519/94,1997,:,,BeselerandWilliams,Anti-DumpingandAnti-SubsidyLaw:theEuropeanCommunities,p.54,:,,,,,(),,,5384/966()19671127730,,,()8,,,,,,,,,9,,,:,10:(1);(2);(3);(4);32567891019U.S.C,1677(18)(A)(1994).PriyaAlagiri,Reform,Reality,andRecognition:ReassessingU.S.Anti-dumpingPolicytowardChina,(1995)26lawandPolicyinlnternationalBusiness,p.1061.Artic1e2(7)ofbasicRegulationArtic1el(2)ofbasicRegulationDecisionoftheCounci1oftheEuropcanCommunitiesof27Novemberl967,OJ,L303ofl9Decemberl968,p.1.CouncilRegulation(EC)No384/96ontheprotectionagainstdumpedimportsfromcountiesnotmemberoftheEuro2peanCommunity(OJ1996No.L56,p.1);asamendedbyCouncilRegulation(EC)No.2331/96ofDecember1996(OJ1996No.L317,p.1)andbyCouncilRegulation(EC)No.905/98ofApril1998(OJ1998No.L128,p.18).PietEeckhout,EuropeanAnti-dumpingLawandChina,(1997)7EIOPSection.(5)11,,519/9412,,,,,13,,14:1.,;2.,,;3.15,,16,,,,,1718,,,,,19,1988,,4220004111213141516171819EdwinVermulstandPaulwaer,ECAnti2dumpingLawandPractice,Sweet&Maxwell,1996,p.200.Pau1etteVanderSchueren,NewAnti2dumpingRulesandPractice:WideDiscretionHeldonaTightLeash?(1996)33CMLRev,p.282Article2(7)(b)ofthebasicRegulation.,VideotapesincassettesChina),OJ1991L293/2;Puresilktypewriterribbonfabrics(China),OJ1990L174/27;Bariumchloride(China),OJ1991L60/1.Rollerchairforcyc1es(China),OJ1988Lll5/1.,,VanBael&Bellis,Anti-dumpingandotherTradeProtectionLawsoftheEC,thirdeditionCCHEurope,1996,p.94EdwinVermulstandpaulwaer,ECAnti-dumpingLawandPractice,p.199.Sweet&Maxwell,1996219U.S.C.1677(18)(B)(1994).20,,21,,1.:????,,??1991,,19893,22Nolle,1772324,,,Nol1e,,,,,,;,Nol1e,,,,,,,,25,52202122232425JudgmentinCase240/84NTNToyoBearingCompanyLimitedandOthersvCouncil[1987]ECRandCase258/84NipponSeikoKKvCouncil[1987]ECR1923.CaseC-16/90Nolle[1991]ECRI-5163.177(234):,,Counci1Regu1ation(EEC)No725/89of20Marchl989imposingadeflnitiveanti-dumpingdutyonimportsofpaint,distemper,varnishandsimilarbrushesoriginatinginthePeopleRepublicofChinaanddefinitivelycollectingtheprovi2sionalanti-dumpingdutyonsuchimports,OJ1989L79,p.24.,,Refinedantimonytrioxide(China),OJ1994,L176/41;Fluorspar(China),OJ1993,L226/3.,VideotapesincassettesfromChina,(1991)OJ,L106/15;BariumchloridefromChina,(1991)OJ,L60/1;PuresilktypewriterribbonfabricsfromChina,(1990)OJ,L306/21(definitive),(1990)OJ,L174/27(provisional).Foradiscussionofthecase,seeVermulst,CommercialDefenceActionandotherInternationalTradeDevelopmentsintheEu2ropeanCommunitiesI:July1,1988-June30,1989,(1990)1/2EuropeanJournalofinternationalLaw,p.337.,,,Nol1e,,:,1.2%;,,85%;,,,Nolle,,26:,,,,,VanGerven27,Nolle,,,,28,,,,,,,,,,,,199529,622000426272829FourteenthAnnualReportfromtheCommissiontotheEuropeanParliamentontheCommunitysAnti-dumpingandAnti-subsidyActivities,COM(96)146finalCouncilRegulation(EC)No.2819/94OJ1994No.298,p.32.AdvocateGeneral,15,9,AtP34oftheJudgment.,,11980199730(1996)()1428,0208910,61024540,9402551,0807442,9604641,0807442,83047334,510334,4003133,520393210,3903029,53032130,5505121,6509119,870167508121,,,,,,,(),7230:19801997;,1998p.1231,,,,,,,,,(1),,,,,,32,,,,,,,,,,:,,,,,,33,!(),:8220004313233JanyuWang,ACritiqueoftheApplicationtoChinaoftheNon-marketEconomyRulesofAnti2dumpingLegisla2tionandPracticeoftheEuropeanUnion,(1999)3JWTp.132CommissionRegulation(EC)No.1648/94imposingaprovisionalanti2dumpingdutyonimportsoffurazolidoneoriginat2ingintheP.R.ofChina,OJ,L174,p.4.OJL66,3rdofAugust1984,p.32.(1)34(2)(3)()(4),35,,,36,,37,,,,3839,40,,,,,,,,,,9234353637383940Ferro2silicon(China,SouthAfrica),OJ1993L237/2;Magnesiumoxide(China),OJ1993L145/1;Fura2zolidone(China),OJ1994L174/4.,Clive,StanbrookandPhilpBentley,DumpingandSubsidies,Lodon,KluwerLawlnternational.1996,Section3.1.4.EdwinvermulstandPaulwaer,E.C.Anti2dumpingLawandPractice,Sweet&Maxwell,1996,p.204.E.g.pho2toalbumsfromChina,(1993)OJ,L333/167.e.g.Refinedantimonytrioxide(China),OJ1994Ll76/41:Calciummetal(China,Russia),OJ1994Ll04/5;Bicycles(China),OJ1993L228/1Mercury(USSR),OJl987L227/8.,,,,ForthepurposeofthebasicRegulation,thistermlikeproductisinterpretedtomeanaproductwhichisidentical,thatistosay,alikeinallrespects,totheproductunderconsideration,orintheabsenceofsuchaproduct,anotherproductwhichalthoughnotalikeinallrespects,hascharacteristicscloselyresemblingthoseoftheproductunderconsideration(Art.1[4]ofthebasicRegulation).SeealsoMarcoBronckersandNatalieMcnelis,RethinkingtheLikeProductDefi2nitioninWTOAnti2dumpingLaw,(1999)3JWTp.73.41,,42,(),,,,,,,,,,,,,43,,,()44,,,,,,,,(),,,,,WTO,()45,Lenz,,GATT46,GATT,0320004414243444546Ernst.Ulrichpetersmann,GATTDisputeSettlementProtectioninthefieldofAnti2dumpingLaw,(1991)28CMLRev.69.CaseC275/92GaoYaov.Council(1994)ECRI2141paragraph73oftheOpinion.Bicycles(China),OJ1993L58/12P29.Bariumchloride(China,GDR),OJ1983L1983L228/28.OJ1998L343/34.Deadburnedmagnesia(China