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欧盟反倾销法384/961欧盟反倾销法384/96COUNCILREGULATION(EC)No384/96of22December1995onprotectionagainstdumpedimportsfromcountriesnotmembersoftheEuropeanCommunityTHECOUNCILOFTHEEUROPEANUNION,HavingregardtotheTreatyestablishingtheEuropeanCommunity,andinparticularArticle113thereof,HavingregardtotheRegulationsestablishingthecommonorganizationofagriculturalmarketsandtheRegulationsadoptedpursuanttoArticle235oftheTreatyapplicabletogoodsmanufacturedfromagriculturalproducts,andinparticulartheprovisionsofthoseRegulationswhichallowforderogationfromthegeneralprinciplethatprotectivemeasuresatfrontiersmaybereplacedsolelybythemeasuresprovidedforinthoseRegulations,HavingregardtotheproposalfromtheCommission(1),HavingregardtotheopinionoftheEuropeanParliament(2),(1)Whereas,byRegulation(EC)No2423/88(3),theCounciladoptedcommonrulesforprotectionagainstdumpedorsubsidizedimportsfromcountrieswhicharenotmembersoftheEuropeanCommunity;(2)Whereasthoseruleswereadoptedinaccordancewithexistinginternationalobligations,inparticularthosearisingfromArticleVIoftheGeneralAgreementonTariffsandTrade(hereinafterreferredtoas'GATT`),fromtheAgreementonImplementationofArticleVIoftheGATT(1979Anti-DumpingCode)andfromtheAgreementonInterpretationandApplicationofArticlesVI,XVIandXXIIIoftheGATT(CodeonSubsidiesandCountervailingDuties);(3)Whereasthemultilateraltradenegotiationsconcludedin1994haveledtonewAgreementsontheimplementationofArticleVIofGATTanditisthereforeappropriatetoamendtheCommunityrulesinthelightofthesenewAgreements;whereasisitalsodesirable,inthelightofthedifferentnatureofthenewrulesfordumpingandsubsidiesrespectively,tohaveaseparatebodyofCommunityrulesineachofthosetwoareas;whereas,consequently,thenewrulesonprotectionagainstsubsidiesandcountervailingdutiesarecontainedinaseparateRegulation;(4)Whereas,inapplyingtherulesitisessential,inordertomaintainthebalanceofrightsandobligationswhichtheGATTAgreementestablishes,thattheCommunitytakeaccountofhowtheyareinterpretedbytheCommunity'smajortradingpartners;(5)Whereasthenewagreementondumping,namely,theAgreementonImplementationofArticleVIoftheGeneralAgreementonTariffsandTrade1994(hereinafterreferredtoas'the1994Anti-DumpingAgreement`),containsnewanddetailedrules,relatinginparticulartothecalculationofdumping,proceduresforinitiatingandpursuinganinvestigation,includingtheestablishmentandtreatmentofthefacts,theimpositionofprovisionalmeasures,theimpositionandcollectionofanti-dumpingduties,thedurationandreviewofanti-dumpingmeasuresandthepublicdisclosureofinformationrelatingtoanti-dumpinginvestigations;whereas,inviewoftheextentofthechangesandtoensureaproperandtransparentapplicationofthenewrules,thelanguageofthenewagreementsshouldbebroughtintoCommunitylegislationasfaraspossible;(6)Whereasitisdesirabletolaydownclearanddetailedrulesonthecalculationofnormalvalue;whereasinparticularsuchvalueshouldinallcasesbebasedonrepresentativesalesintheordinarycourseoftradeintheexportingcountry;whereas,itisexpedienttodefinethe欧盟反倾销法384/962circumstancesinwhichdomesticsalesmaybeconsideredtobemadeatalossandmaybedisregarded,andinwhichrecoursemaybehadtoremainingsales,ortoconstructednormalvalue,ortosalestoathirdcountry;whereasitisalsodesirabletoprovideforaproperallocationofcosts,eveninstart-upsituations;whereasitisalsoappropriatetolaydownguidanceastodefinitionofstart-upandtheextentandmethodofallocation;whereasitisalsonecessary,whenconstructingnormalvalue,toindicatethemethodologythatistobeappliedindeterminingtheamountsforselling,generalandadministrativecostsandtheprofitmarginthatshouldbeincludedinsuchvalue;(7)Whereaswhendeterminingnormalvaluefornon-marketeconomycountries,itappearsprudenttosetoutrulesforchoosingtheappropriatemarket-economythirdcountrythatistobeusedforsuchpurposeand,whereitisnotpossibletofindasuitablethirdcountry,toprovidethatnormalvaluemaybeestablishedonanyotherreasonablebasis;(8)Whereasitisexpedienttodefinetheexportpriceandtoenumeratetheadjustmentswhicharetobemadeinthosecaseswhereareconstructionofthispricefromthefirstopen-marketpriceisdeemednecessary;(9)Whereas,forthepurposeofensuringafaircomparisonbetweenexportpriceandnormalvalue,itisadvisabletolistthefactorswhichmayaffectpricesandpricecomparabilityandtolaydownspecificrulesastowhenandhowtheadjustmentsshouldbemade,includingthefactthatanyduplicationofadjustmentsshouldbeavoided;whereasitisalsonecessarytoprovidethatcomparisonmaybemadeusingaveragepricesalthoughindividualexportpricesmaybecomparedtoanaveragenormalvaluewheretheformervarybycustomer,regionortimeperiod;(10)Whereasitisdesirabletolaydownclearanddetailedguidanceastothefactorswhichmayberelevantforthedeterminationofwhetherthedumpedimportshavecausedmaterialinjuryorarethreateningtocauseinjury;whereas,indemonstratingthatthevolumeandpricelevelsoftheimportsconcernedareresponsibleforinjurysustainedbyaCommunityindustry,attentionshouldbegiventotheeffectofotherfactorsandinparticularprevailingmarketconditionsintheCommunity;(11)Whereasitisadvisabletodefinetheterm'Communityindustry`andtoprovidethatpartiesrelatedtoexportersmaybeexcludedfromsuchindust