被动语态例句1/320171108一、被动语态的用法:1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。Thebridgewasbuiltlastyear.这座桥是去年建造的。Hewaselectedchairman.他被选为主席。2、当更加强调动作的承受者时。此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后,不需要时可以省略。Theroomhasn'tbeencleanedyet.房间还没有打扫。Thetigerwaskilledbyhim.老虎被他杀死了。3、当动作的执行者不是人时,多用被动语态。如:Thewindowwasblownbywind.窗户被风吹开了。Thewholevillagehasbeenwashedawaybytheflood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。4、表示客观的说明常用Itis+过去分词.句型。ItissaidthatLucyhasgoneabroad.据说露茜已经出国了。Itisbelievedthatheisaspy.(=Heisbelievedtobeaspy.)大家相信他是个间谍。其它常见的Itis+过去分词+that句型还有Itisreportedthat…据报道Itissaidthat…据说Itisbelievedthat…大家相信Itissuggestedthat…有人建议二、主动语态变为被动语态1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤:(1)将主动句的宾语变为主语:注意:如果主动句的宾语是代词,需将其由宾格变为主格。如:Tomkilledhim.→HewaskilledbyTom.(2)将动词改为be+过去分词。注意:Theyheldameetingyesterday.→Ameetingwasheldbythemyesterday.他们昨天开会了。(3)将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。注意:如果原主语是代词,则应由主格变为宾格。Hesangasong.→Asongwassungbyhim.2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项:(1)主动句中的主语如果是people,we,you,they,somebody等含糊地表示人们、大家的单词,变为主动句时,通常删去by…,但原主语被强调者除外。如:被动语态例句2/320171108Theysetupthishospitalin1975.→Thishospitalwassetupin1975.这所医院建于1975年。Onlyhecanfinishthejob.→只有他能完成这项工作。Thejobcanbefinishedonlybyhim.这项工作只能由他来完成。(2)含有双宾语,即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子,每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语,即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。Jacktoldusthetruth.杰克告诉了我们真相。WeweretoldthetruthbyJack.Thetruthwastold(to)usbyJack.三、动词的主动形式表示被动之意以主动形式表示被动之意的动词多为连系动词,如:look,feel,smell等。下列动词没有被动式:happen,cost,take,haveAnaccidentwashappenedyesterday.(×)昨天发生了一起事故。Anaccidenthappenedyesterday.()Theflowersmellssweet.这花闻起来很香。Thewatchlooksgood.这表看起来很好。Thisbooksellswell.这本书畅销。四、各种时态的被动语态举例(以动词do为例)1.一般现在时(am/is/are+done)Englishisspokenbylotsofpeopleintheworld.世界上的许多人都说英语。ClassmeetingisheldeveryThursday.每周四都举行班会。Theclassroomiscleanedbythestudentseveryday.学生们每天都打扫教室。2.一般过去时(was/were+done)Thecupwasbrokenbytheboy.杯子被那个男孩打碎了。Hewassavedatlast.他最终获救了。Mybikewasstolen.我的自行车被偷了。3.一般将来时与过去将来时(will/shallbe+done;would/shouldbe+done)Aspeechwillbegiventhisafternoon.今天下午有一个演讲。Anewroadwillbebuiltnextyear.明年要修一条新马路。Ithoughtthousandsofpeoplewouldbehelped.我认为将有数千人得到帮助。4.现在进行时与过去进行时(am/is/arebeing+done;was/werebeing+done)Themachinewasbeingrepairedatthistimeyesterday.昨天这时,机器正在被修理。Theproblemisbeingdiscussednow.问题正在被讨论。Abusisbeingpushedbythepassengers.路人正在推一辆公共汽车。5.现在完成时(have/hasbeen+done)Twohundredtreeshavebeenplantedbynow.到现在为止,已经种了二百棵树了。Thebookhasbeenreadmanytimesbyme.这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。被动语态例句3/320171108Severalsoldiershavealreadybeenkilledintheconflict.在冲突中已经有几名士兵被杀害。6.过去完成时(hadbeen+done)Theysaidtheyhadbeeninvitedtotheparty.他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了。Shefoundthehousehadbeendestroyedbythestorm.她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁。Hehadbeentorturedbytheillnessformanyyearsbeforehedied.他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了。