Geoffrey-Chaucer-(杰弗里。乔叟)

无忧PPT整理发布PartIIIGeoffreyChaucer（1340？-1400）杰弗里·乔叟I.Chaucer’sLifeII.Chaucer’sLiteraryCareerIII.TheCanterburyTalesIV.Chaucer’sContribution无忧PPT整理发布Somepreviousliterarysources•Boccaccio薄伽丘(Giovanni,1313-1375,文艺复兴时期意大利作家,Decameron《十日谈》的作者)•Dante但丁(意大利诗人,1265-1321)•Ovid:Romanpoetknownforhisexplorationsoflove,especiallytheArtofLove(c.1b.c.)andMetamorphoses(c.a.d.8).奥维德：公元前43年-公元17年罗马诗人，以其对爱的研究，尤其是《爱的艺术》（公元前1年)和《变形记》（公元8年）而闻名。无忧PPT整理发布TherepresentativewriterintheMedievalEnglishliterature无忧PPT整理发布TheCanterburyCathedral无忧PPT整理发布GeoffreyChaucer•Fourteenth-centuryEnglishpoetandpublicservant.GeoffreyChaucerwroteverserenownedforitshumor,understandingofhumancharacter,andinnovationsinpoeticvocabularyandmeter.Hismasterpiece,TheCanterburyTales(1387-1400),tellsthetaleofEnglishpeopleonapilgrimagetoSaintThomasàBecket’sshrineatCanterbury.Thepilgrimsemergeascomplexcharactersthroughthestoriestheytellandthroughtheirinteractions,whichserveastransitionsbetweenthedifferenttales.ThisexcerptfromtheTalescomesfrom“TheGeneralPrologue,”inwhichChaucerintroducesthecharactersandestablishestheframeworkofthepoem.•无忧PPT整理发布I.Chaucer’sLifeChaucer’sactivecareerascourtier(侍臣),soldier,diplomat,andcivilservantprovidedhimnotonlywithknowledgebutalsoexperienceswhichaccountedforthewiderangeofhiswritings.无忧PPT整理发布Chaucer’slifeexperience•1.HewasbornintoawinemerchantfamilyinLondon.•2.At17,hebecameapageinanobleman’shousehold.•3.At19,hewenttoFrancewiththeEnglisharmyandwasimprisoned•4.Hewasmarriedtoamaidofhonortothequeenat26.•5.At27heenteredtheserviceoftheking.•6.From1372-1373hewenttoItalyondiplomaticmissions.•7.In1374,hewasmadecontrollerofcustomsinLondon.•8.HewasevenmadeMP（MemberofParliament议员）forKentin1386.•9.Hediedin1400.•10.HewasburiedinWestminsterAbbey—thePoets’Corner.无忧PPT整理发布II.LiteraryCareer1.ThefirstortheFrenchperiod(1360-1372)1)TheRomauntoftheRose《玫瑰传奇》atranslation,popularinMiddleages2)TheBookoftheDuchess《悼公爵夫人》thebestworkofthetime2.ThesecondortheItalianperiod(1372-1386)TroilusandCriseyde《特罗伊洛斯和克瑞西德》apoemofalovestory无忧PPT整理发布3.ThethirdortheEnglishperiod,hisbestperiod(1387-1400)TheCanterburyTales《坎特伯雷故事集》HismasterpieceandarepresentativeworksoftheMiddleAges.无忧PPT整理发布III.TheCanterburyTales1.Ithas24stories.2.Itisthedescriptionofthepilgrims（朝圣者）whotellstories.3.Itisaboutthelifeofordinarypeople.4.Itgivesvividcharacters,withhumorandsatire.无忧PPT整理发布5.TheOutlineandthePrologueTabard(泰巴客店)29(30)pilgrims,toCanterbury24storieswrittenAllmajortypesofmedievalliteratureOutlineoftheStoryThePrologue(序诗)aframeworkforthetalesvividsketchesoftypicalfiguresfromallwalksoflifeTheProloguesuppliesaminiature(小画像)oftheEnglishsocietyofthetime无忧PPT整理发布6.TheTalesThefamousonesarethestoryof:1)thewifeofBath（巴斯夫人）,2)theKnight（骑士）,3)thePardoner（卖赎罪卷者）,4)theNun’sPriest（尼姑的教士）,5)thePrologue（序诗）.无忧PPT整理发布7.TheWifeofBath（巴斯城的妇女）•ThewifeofBathshowsChaucer’skeenobservationandhisunsurpassed(无比的)talentforcharacterization.•Sheistheownerofaclothfactory,light-hearted,merry,somewhatvulgar(粗俗的),andexceedingly(非常)talkative.•Itisavividsketch(概述)ofawomanofthemiddleclass,andacolorfulpictureofthedomesticlifeofthatclassinChaucer’sday.无忧PPT整理发布•ThePrologueoftheWifeofBath’sTaleThewifeofBathspeaking“Experience--andnomatterwhattheysayInbooks--isgoodenoughauthorityFormetospeakoftroubleinmarriage.ForeversinceIwastwelveyearsofage,ThanksbetoGod,I’vehadnolessthanfiveHusbandsatchurchdoor--ifonemaybelieveIcouldbewedsooftenlegally!”(P.220)无忧PPT整理发布Theme•ChaucerisinfluencedbytheearlyItalianRenaissance,andhebelievesinman’srighttopursueearthlyhappiness.Heisanxioustoseemanfreedfromsuperstitionsandablindbeliefinfate.Heisalwayskeentopraisesman’senergy,adroitness,intellect,quickwitandloveoflife.Heexposesandsatirizesthesocialevils,esp.thereligiousabuses.无忧PPT整理发布8.ThesignificanceofTheCanterburyTales1).ItgivesacomprehensivepictureofChaucer’stime.Thegentleclass---theburgher----theprofessionals2).Thedramaticstructureofthepoem:thestoriesarewellwovenby“links”.3).Chaucer’shumor-----characteristicsfeatureofEnglishliterature----gentlesatireandmildirony.无忧PPT整理发布IV.Chaucer’sContribution1.HeintroducedfromItalyandFrancetherhymedstanzaofvarioustypes,especiallytherhymedcoupletof5accentsiniambicmeter(heroiccouplet)toEnglishpoetry,insteadoftheoldAnglo-Saxonalliterativeverse.2.HewasthefirstgreatpoetwhowroteinEnglishlanguage(MiddleEnglish),thusestablishingEnglishastheliterarylanguage.3.HedidmuchinmakingtheLondondialectthefoundationformodernEnglishlanguage.无忧PPT整理发布HeroicCouplet:therhymedcoupletofiambicpentameter.(英雄双韵体)IambicPentameter:isthemostcommonEnglishmeter,inwhicheachfootcontainsanunaccentedsyllableandanaccentedsyllable.(五音步抑扬格)无忧PPT整理发布HereisapassagefromAlexanderPope:(“OftheCharactersofWomen”)Seehowtheworlditsveteransrewards!Ayouthoffrolics,anoldageofcards;Fairtonopurpose,artfultonoend,Youngwithoutlovers,oldwithoutafriend.无忧PPT整理发布•1.meter格律•regularizedrhythm,anarrangementoflanguageinwhichthestressedsyllablesoccuratapparentlyequalintervalsintime.•2.foot音步•basicmetricalorrhythmicalunitwithinalineofpoety.无忧PPT整理发布•3.fourtypesoffeet•1）ia