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太阳能智能追光系统的设计太阳能智能追光系统的设计摘要在太阳能发电系统中，如何将太阳能电池板的发电效率调节至最大状态，并克服太阳能发电效率低、能量不连续、工作不稳定的缺点，成为当前太阳能发电系统研究的重点。太阳能的强度和方向不确定性，及光照间歇性等特点，给太阳能的收集带来了一定难度，传统的固定式太阳能残疾系统没有充分利用太阳的能量，吸收效率相对较低。因此，太阳位置的自动追踪技术的研究，智能调节方向的太阳能支架的制作，对于提高太阳能的吸收效率，高效合理的利用太阳能，具有重要的研究价值。本设计通过控制芯片对传感器的信号进行实时处理，驱动各个控制电机工作，实现对于太阳位置的实时更新，目的是为提高太阳能的收集效率，改善太阳能产品的利用程度。关键词：太阳能，光敏电阻，89C52芯片，自动追踪技术TheDesignOfSolarIntelligentTrackingLightSystemAuthor:LiuhaifengTutor:BaixiaoleiAbstractDuringthestudyofthesolarpowersystem,thecurrentmajorpointishowtoadjustthegeneratingefficiencytoanultimatestateandovercometheshortcomingsoflowefficiency,discontinuityofenergyandoperatinginstability.Theuncertaintyofbothsolarintensityandlightdirectionaswellasilluminationintermittentmakeitmoredifficulttocollectsolarenergy.Becausetraditionalfixedsolarcollectionsystemdoesn`tmakefulluseofsolarenergy,theabsorptionefficiencyislowrelatively.Hence,toresearchthetechnologyofautomatictrackingsystemforsunpositionandthepruductionofthesolarholdertoadjustdirectionintelligentlyisofgreatvalueforimprovingtheabsorptionefficiencysoastoutilizethesolarenergyproperlyandefficiently.Thedesignofthesensorsignalinreal-timeprocessingthroughcontrolingchip,andtodrivethecontrolofmotorwok.Inordertoupdateinrealtimethepositionofthesunforsolarenergycollectionefficiencyandimprovethedegreeofutilizationofsolarenergyproducts.keywords:solarenergy,photoresistance,89C52,thetechnologyofautomatictrackingsystem目录1绪论.................................................................................................................................11.1太阳追光系统的发展现状........................................................................................11.2太阳能追光系统的设计思想....................................................................................11.3太阳能智能追光系统的研究意义............................................................................11.4研究目标、研究内容和拟解决的关键问题............................................................22硬件设计..........................................................................................................................32.1主控制器....................................................................................................................32.1.1主控制器的选用..............................................................................................32.1.2控制器的介绍..................................................................................................32.2驱动元件....................................................................................................................42.2.1直流电机与步进电机的比较..........................................................................42.2.2步进电机控制原理..........................................................................................52.3输入模块....................................................................................................................62.3.1电压比较器......................................................................................................62.3.2光敏电阻..........................................................................................................62.4硬件结构框图与原理图............................................................................................82.4.1系统整体结构框图..........................................................................................82.4.2整体硬件原理图..............................................................................................83方案研究..........................................................................................................................93.1基于挡板的传感部分方案........................................................................................93.2接收系统方案..........................................................................................................104系统软件设计...............................................................................................................115智能追光算法...............................................................................................................126仿真与实验调试..........................................................................................................156.1Protues仿真...........................................................................................................156.1.1仿真原理........................................................................................................156.1.2软件仿真及调试............................................................................................156.1.3仿真结果........................................................................................................166.2实验调试................................................................................................................166.2.1硬件调试........................................................................................................166.2.2解决过程........................................................................................................176.3PCB制版..................................................................................................