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名词的用法可数名词(一)定义：能以数目来计算，可以分成个体的人或东西。可数名词变成复数形式规则变化一般情况下，直接在词尾+s:book→books,pencil→pencils.(二)规则变化词性特点大多数可数名词在词尾加-s.book—booksdog—dogstree—trees在浊辅音和元音后面读[z],在清辅音后面读[s]以s,sh,ch,x结尾的名词在词尾加-esglass—glassesdish—disheswatch—watchesbox—boxes读[iz]以o结尾的名词加-es或加-s.Negro—Nigroeshero—heroestomato—tomatoespotato—potatoesphoto—photos读[z]以f或fe结尾的名词先把f改为v,再加–esknife—knivesleaf—leavesthief—thieves读[vz]以辅音字母加y结尾名词先把y改为i,再加-esstory—storiescity—citiesbaby—babies注意：boy—boystoy—toyskey—keys读[z](三)不规则变化man—men男人woman—women妇女tooth—teeth牙齿foot—feet脚有些名词的单复数形式相同deer—deer鹿sheep—sheep绵羊Chinese—Chinese中国人Japanese—Japanese日本人(四)特殊的复数形式的名词由两部分构成的东西的名词，总以复数形式出现，如：glasses眼镜，trousers裤子，socks袜子，clothes衣服等。若表达具体数目，要借助量词pair对/双，suit套等。apairofglasses,twopairsofsocks(五)可数名词的特点(1)有单复数：onedesk,twochairs,manybirds。(2)可以用不定冠词a/an、数词、many,some,any,alotof,lotsof等词修饰：anapple,threepictures,somestudents。(3)单数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数形式；复数名词做主语，谓语动词要用复数形式。①Thereisapenonthedesk.桌子上有一支笔。②Therearesomestudentsintheclassroom.教室里有一些学生。(4)在特殊疑问句中，用howmany修饰可数名词Therearethreepensonthedesk.(对划线部分提问)→Howmanypensarethereonthedesk?不可数名词(一)定义：不能以数目计算，不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的东西，如water,tea,bread等。它没有复数概念，它的前面不能用补丁冠词a/an.表特指时可用定冠词the修饰。①Waterisveryimportanttolife.水对生命来说十分重要。②ThebreadonthetableisMark’s.桌子上的面包师Mark的。(二)特点(1)不可数名词前面可以有much,alittle,alotof等修饰词：muchbread,alittletea(2)不可数名词不能用数词修饰，需要借助单位词来表示数量：apieceofpaper一张纸，apieceofbread一片面包，acupoftea一杯茶(3)不可数名词变复数：量词变复数形式，作主语时谓语动词用复数twopiecesofbread两片面包，threecupsoftea三杯茶(4)对不可数名词的修饰词提问，疑问词用howmuch.Thereissomemilkintheglass.(对划线部分提问)→Howmuchmilkisthereintheglass?练习：一、根据句意及所给单词填空。1.________(this)aremyEnglishbooks.2.MyauntJaneandmymotherare___________(sister).3.Ihavetwo___________(watch).Theyareonthedesk.4.Ihavesome__________(photo)ofmyfamily.5.Doyoulikethese____________(dictionary)?6.Thoseare_________(bus).7.Ihavelotsof________(tomato)here.8.The________(leaf)onthetreeturn-yellow.二、选择填空：1.—Mom,Iwant___.——Hereyouare.A.abreadB.apieceofbreadC.somebreadsD.breads2.The_____hastwo______.A.boys,watchesB.boy,watchC.boy,watchesD.boys,watch3.Therearelotsof_____inthebasketonthetable.A.tomatosB.tomatoC.tomatoesD.tomatoss4.—_____applesdoweneedtomakefruitsalad?—Letmethink...Weneedthreeapples.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowmuchD.Howmany5.Lily,Let'smakevegetablesalad.Howmany_____doweneed?Oneisenough.A.orangesB.potatoC.tomatoes.6.Wouldyoulike_____toeatnow?A.someB.anythingC.somethingD.thing7.I'msohungry.Pleasegiveme_____toeat.A.threebreadB.threepiecesofbreadC.threepiecesofbreads一、these,sisters,watches,photos,buses,tomatoes,leaves二、1-5BCCDC6-7CB