高三英语总复习语法系列训练一些重要的不定代词的用法代词的分类•1.人称代词:有主格、宾格、所有格(含形容词性和名词性两种所有格)•2.反身代词:myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselvesthemselves•3.指示代词:this,that,these,those4.疑问代词:who,whom,what,which5.相互代词:eachother,oneanother6.不定词:some,any,all,both,none,one,each,either,neither,other,another,something,anything,nothing,anyone,anybody,someone,somebody,nobody7.关系代词(用于定语从句)who,whom,whose,that,which,as主格Iyouhesheitwethey宾格meyouhimheritusthem形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsourtheir人称代词名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsourstheirs不定代词有both,either,neither,one,theother,another,little,few,some,any,each,every,no,none等,从实际应用和理解出发,重点学习以下几个:(一)both,either,neither(二)one,another,theother(三)little,alittle,few,afew(四)some/any,no/none,each/every,many/much不定代词含义数量关系作定语时名词的数作主语时动词的数both两者都=2复数复数either两者中的任何一个=2单数单数neither两者都不=2单数单数all三者或三者以上都≥3单数或复数单数或复数none三者或三者以上都不≥3○单数或复数each每一个≥2单数单数every每一个≥3单数单数both,either,neitherboth为“两者都”,neither为“两者都不”,either为“两者之一”。作主语:1)Both(ofthem)enjoytherice.2)Neither(ofus)isadoctor.3)Either(ofyou)willgo.注意:作主语时,both后面的谓语动词用复数。neither,either后面的谓语动词一般用单数形式。。•作定语:1)BothZhangHua'sfatherandmotherworkinahospital,butneitheroneisadoctor.2)Youmaytakeeitherapple.作宾语:1)Ilikebothofthetoysverymuch.2)Theboycouldfindneitherofthemandwentaway.3)Youmayplanteitherinthestreet.both还可作同位语,它们句中的位置是在动词be,助动词或情态动词的后面,但在实义动词前面。1)Theyarebothingoodhealth.2)Theywillbothgothere.3)Theybothagreedtotakepartinthebirthdayparty.either可作副词用于否定句,表示“也”,相当于肯定句中的“too”。Thisisnotmine.Thatisnot,either.这不是我的,那也不是。neither表示“也不”的时候,常用在倒装的结构形式中:Idon'tliketoplayfootball.Neitherdoeshe.Shehasn'tgotabike.NeitherhaveI.注意,either和or,neither和nor,notonly…butalso连接两个并列主语时谓语动词根据就近原则如:1)BothZhangandWangaregoodstudents.2)Eitheryouorheisright.•3)NeitherhenorIamascientist.one,another,theother1.one常用来作代词,替代前文所出现的可数名词,表示人或物,以避免重复。Ihaven'tgotaballpen.I'llhavetobuyone.Heisonetothinkmoreofothers.2.theother,another都可解释为“另一个”。other加上定冠词用于两者中的另一个,another指三者以上中的另一个。Hewastwobrothers.Oneisadoctor,theotherisateacher.Idon'tlikethisone,showmeanother,please.I'vejustboughtthreethings.Oneisawalkman,anotherisapocketcalculator,thethirdisavideogame.3.another还有“再……”的意思,Haveanothercupofcoffee,please.Shecouldhavetostayhereforanotherweek.4.other有“另外”的含义。例如:Wherearetheotherstudents?Theboyismuchclevererthantheothertwo.•分述三个或三个以上的人或物时,其句型是one…another…thethird…thefourth…•Shehasfourbooks.oneisanEnglishbook,anotherisahistoryone,thethirdisaphysicsone,andthefourthisapicture-book.5.others和theothers表示复数的泛指和特指。例如:Intheparksomeareplayinggames.Othersarewalkingneartheriver.Ihavefivecolourpencils.Oneisred,anotherisblueandtheothersaregreen.6.therest也可作“其余的”解释。它用作主语时注意谓语动词的单复数。例如:TherestofhislifewasspentinAmerica.他的余生是在美国度过的。Hehaseightbooks.TwoareinEnglish.TherestareinChinese.little,alittle,few,afew1.little与alittle修饰不可数名词,little“很少”,否定的意思,alittle作“少许”、肯定的意思,Inthiswaytheycanmakethetripwithjustalittlemoney.Thereislittleleft,isthere?2.few,afew用来修饰可数名词,前者表示否定,后者表示肯定。AfewofusspeakEnglishwell.Therewerefeweggsinthefridge,sohewenttothesupermarketandboughtsome.3.few作主语时,谓语动词仍用复数,Fewmenknowthis,dothey?4.常用词组有quiteafew(好几个),onlyafew(只有一些),notafew(很多)。HestudiedChineseforquiteafewyears.some,any,no,none,each,every,many,much(1)some和any:some(一些,某个)句中可作主语、宾语、定语等,常用于肯定句。作定语时,它可修饰可数名词和不可数名词,可数名词是单数时,some表示“某个”的意思。例如:Therearesomenewspapersonthetable.Haveyouanyquestions?Yes,Ihavesome.Ihavereadthatinsomemagazine.当说活者表示提议、请求或期望得到肯定回答时,在疑问句中也可用some。例如:Wouldyoulikesometea?Couldyoulendmesomemoney?any“一些”用法相同于some,但多用于疑问句、否定句或条件从句。例如:Isthereanyinkinyourpen?Putupyourhandsifyouhaveanyquestions.注意:1.any用于肯定句中有“任何一个”解。常用于比较级句子中。Tomrunsfasterthananyotherboyinhisclass.Tomrunsfasterthananyoftheotherboysinhisclass.2.some,any,every,no可以与body,thing,one构成合成代词,这些代词都作单数看待,表示人或物Somethingiswrongwithmybike.Somebodyisaskingtoseeyou.Nobodyisabsent.Ifyouwantanything,callme.(2)no和none:none(没有一个,全不,都不)是名词性的不定代词,可作主语和宾语,常和of短语连用,不以作定语。none作主语代替不可数名词时,谓语用单数形式。代替可数名词时,谓语用单、复数均Noneofusis/arefromBeijing.Noneofthemoneyismine.none与all相对,有“全不”“全部”的含义,因此all是全肯定,none是all的全部否定,但都指三者以上的人或物。Weallmademistakes.Noneofuswascorrect.no是形容词性的不定代词,只能用作定语,可修饰可数和不可数名词。no等于nota或notany加上名词。Ihavenomoney.Ihavenotanymoney.noone相当于nobody,意为没有人,谓语用单数。(3)each和every:each(每个,各自的)强调个体,可作主语、宾语、定语、同位语。every(每个,一切的)相当于all,强调整体,只能作定语。Eachboyhasadictionary.Everyboyhasadictionary.注意:every构成的常用词组everyotherday每隔一天/everyotherfivedays每隔五天everyotherline每隔一行/everyfivedays每五天(4)many和much:many修饰可数名词的复数,谓语用复much修饰不可数名词,谓语用单数,它们可用在肯定句、否定句和疑问句中,还可在肯定句中作主语或修饰主语。例如:Somuchfortoday.Therearemanybusesandcarsinthestreet.•注意•many已被alotof,alargenumberof,agreatmany所代替。much已被alotof,plentyof,agooddealof,agreat(large)quantityof所代替。Plentyof,alotof/lotsof用于肯定句。some,any,no,every组合的复合不定代词.•当主句中的主语是指人的复合不定代词如everybody,everyone,anyone等时,其反意疑问句的主语通常是代词they;当主句中的主语是指物的复合不定代词如everything,anything,something,nothing等时,其反意疑问句的主语通常是代词it.•Everybodyishere,aren’tthey?•Everythingisready,isn’tit?•当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词something,everything,everyone等时,形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面.•Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.•Weneedonemorehelper.Canyoufindanyoneelse?everyo