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1温馨提示：此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。课后阅读作业十七Module5 Period1Ⅰ.阅读理解AConfucius(551BC-479BC)wasathinker,educator,andfounderoftheRuSchoolforChinesethought.Hewasawell-knownleaderinphilosophyandhealsomademanywisephrasesandtheoriesaboutthelaw,life,andthegovernmentthathelpedmanypeoplelearnaboutnature,theworldandhumanbeings.Confucius’ssocialphilosophylargelycentersaroundtheconceptof“ren”,whichis“lovingothers”and“honoringone’sparents”.Thosewhohavedeveloped“ren”are“simpleinmannerandslowofspeech”.ForConfucius,suchconcernforothersisprovedthroughthepracticeoftheGoldenRule:“Whatyoudonotwishforyourself,donotdotoothers.”Confuciusthinksagoodrulershipwastohave“de”or“virtue”whichallowsonetowinpeople’ssupportwithoutusinganyforceandkeepgoodorderinhisstatewithouttroublinghimself,andthatarulershouldrulehispeoplebyhisownexampleandtreatthemwithloveand2concern.AcharacteristicofConfucius’thoughtishisemphasis(强调)oneducationandstudy,“Agoodteacherissomeonewhoknowswellthewaysofthepastandthepracticesoftheancients.”andhealsothinks“Hewholearnsbutdoesnotthinkislost.Hewhothinksbutdoesnotlearnisingreatdanger.”Confuciusdidnotwritedowntheprinciplesofhisphilosophy;thesewerehandeddownonlythroughhisstudents.LunYu,abookcompiled(编纂)bysomeofhisstudents,isconsideredthemostdependablesourceofinformationabouthislifeandteachings.Oneofthehistoricalworksthatheissaidtohavecompiledandedited,TheSpringandAutumnAnnals,isdescribingChinesehistoryinthestateofLufrom722BCto481BC.SinceConfucius’steachingsandphilosophywassoadvanced,itwastheeducationforChinafor2,000years.ItiscalledConfucianism.【语篇概述】本文属于人物传记类文章,主要介绍了孔子的儒家思想对哲学、政治、教育的影响。1.Thepassagemainlydiscusses .A.ConfuciusandhisgreatthoughtB.thelifeofConfuciusC.Confucius’sinfluenceonstudentsD.Confucius’steachingmethods3【解析】选A。主旨大意题。文章的第三段主要讨论的是孔子的社会哲学;第四段谈论的是他的政治哲学;第五段是他的教育观点;所以A符合句意。2.Confucius’sphilosophicthinkingcanhelppeopleknowaboutallthefollowingEXCEPT .A.humans B.natureC.theworldD.thesun【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段的后半部分“...helpedmanypeoplelearnaboutnature,theworldandhumanbeings.”可知没有提到D项。3.WhichofthefollowingexpressesConfucius’seducationalidea?A.Whatyoudonotwishforyourself,donotdotoothers.B.Learningandthinkingshouldgohandinhand.C.“Lovingothers”and“honoringone’sparents”.D.Arulershouldloveandcareabouthispeople.【解析】选B。细节理解题。A、C都反映了他的社会观,D反映了他的政治观,从第五段可以看出B反映了他的教育观。4.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatateachershouldbeapersonwho .A.isoldandexperiencedenoughB.learnsbutdoesn’tthinkC.doesthingsaccordingtogoodoldways4D.thinksalotbutdoesn’tlearn【解析】选C。推理判断题。从倒数第三段中“Agoodteacherissomeonewhoknowswellthewaysofthepastandthepracticesoftheancients”可知孔子认为老师应该是一个熟悉过去并且身体力行的人,因此选C。B(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)YouprobablyknowwhoMarieCuriewas,butyoumaynothaveheardofRachelCarson.Oftheoutstandingladieslistedbelow,whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast100years?JaneAddams(1860—1935)AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addamshelpedthepoorandworkedforpeace.Sheencouragedasenseofcommunity(社区)bycreatingsheltersandpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneed.In1931,AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.RachelCarson(1907—1964)Ifitweren’tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.Herpopular1962bookSilentSpringraisedawarenessofthedangersofpollutionandtheharmfuleffectsofchemicalsonhumansandontheworld’slakesandoceans.SandraDayO’Connor(1930—present)5WhenSandraDayO’ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.ShebecameanArizonastatesenator(参议员)and,in1981,thefirstwomantojointheU.S.SupremeCourt.O’Connorgavethedecidingvoteinmanyimportantcasesduringher24yearsonthetopcourt.RosaParks(1913—2005)OnDecember1,1955,inMontgomery,Alabama,RosaParkswouldnotgiveupherseatonabustoawhitepassenger.HersimpleactlandedParksinprison.ButitalsosetofftheMontgomerybusboycott.Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement.“TheonlytiredIwas,wastiredofgivingin,”saidParks.【语篇概述】本文是一篇人物传记,介绍了四位在人类历史上做出突出贡献的女性。5.WhatisJaneAddamsnotedforinhistory?A.Hersocialwork.B.Herteachingskills.C.Hereffortstowinaprize.D.Hercommunitybackground.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一则人物介绍中的内容可知,JaneAddams以做社会工作而闻名。6.WhatwasthereasonforO’Connor’sbeingrejectedbythelawfirm?6A.Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.B.Herlittleworkexperienceincourt.C.Thediscriminationagainstwomen.D.Thepoorfinancialconditions.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三则人物介绍中的内容可知,O’Connor找工作被拒绝是因为她是一名女性,这是当时对女性的偏见和歧视造成的。7.Whomadeagreatcontributiontothecivil-rightsmovementintheU.S.?A.JaneAddams. B.RachelCarson.C.SandraDayO’Connor.D.RosaParks.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四则人物介绍可知,RosaParks由于在公交车上没有给一名白人乘客让座而入狱,这最终导致了美国的民权运动。8.Whatcanweinferaboutthewomenmentionedinthetext?A.Theyarehighlyeducated.B.Theyaretrulycreative.C.Theyarepioneers.D.Theyarepeace-lovers.【解析】选C。推理判断题。通读全文可知,JaneAddams是第一位获得诺贝尔和平奖的美国女性;如果没有RachelCarson就没有环保运动;O’Connor在1981年成为第一位进入美国高级法院的女性;而RosaParks的行为直接导致了美国的民权运动。她们都在各自从事的领域7做出了开拓性的工作。Ⅱ.阅读填句根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Astheoldsayinggoes,laughteristhebestmedicine.1.________.However,doctorshavebeguntolookintolaugh