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1220032.2920%8.25402080[1][2]11019313381m1021972417m415m11020019111974442M110[3][4]2003101508m10120200m-300m[5][6]10100m212m144m340m290m1500m[7]492m421m384m[8][9]420202050[10][11]CarandallLinRobertsDavanport19851997[12]200240ZienkiewiczRice580BazantKrajcinovicMazas[13]SteinKoiter2080[14]CornellLindRackwitz80MosesThoft-ChristensenMadsen620204050205060MattockCohn207020702080[15]2090[16]12734FRP1997ASCEFRPJournalofCompositesforConstructionInstituteforScientificInformationISI2003JCR1.23473SCI2EarthquakeEngineeringandStructuralDynamics0.734ASCEJournalofStructuralEngineering0.648FRP[17]2020708[18]20[19]2003NEESNetworkforEarthquakeEngineeringSimulation“”9[20]6[21]194020801996RILEM130-CSL2001(ACMC2001)20041020801019951.4490200220032006Susa[22]20111220101061320306090201020486m—1991m(AkashiKaikyo)(COWI)(RAMBLL)—1624m(GreatBelt)161490m1385m3300m(Messina)(Giblatar)3500m5000m[23]1955Dishinger183m(Stroemsund)5060350m7080901991(Skarnsundet)500m530m2600m602m1(SETRA)(Normandia)150856m1999(Tatara)890m14500m14628m618m605m1088m1018m500m4550m518m(NewRiverGorge)504m(KillVanKull)503m(SydneyHarbor)460m420m—207080(LoadandResistanceFactorDesign—LRFD)15(Performance-basedReliability)(Function-basedReliability)(Life-Cycle-CostbasedReliability)[24]1956L.A.Zadeh[25]J.YenR.Langari[26]70SAPANSYSADINAABAQUSNON-SAP80JIBCADSBAP199716[27]R.H.ScanlanA.G.Davenport[28][29]M.MatsumotoCOWIA.LarsonG.Diana2080%[30]20·90103017[31]()()[27]-19-30601971(CEB)(ECCS)(FIP)(IABSE)2060(ModelCode)802118[27]()F.LeonhardtBackAnalysis1956P-K[32]80—[33]19Pontis[34]BRIDGIT[35]Frangopol[36][37]1984J.FisherFatigueandFractureinSteelBridges:CaseStudies[38]22NowakFick[39]90200320[40][41][42](conditionindex)(safetyindex)(reliabilityindex)0123430.91FrangopolAASHTO[43][44],21(Sustainability)11441972—(LimitsofGrowth)1987——5Rio—20062010(IABSE)19966[45]2002“”[46]2004SustainableEngineering[45]22(Ecosystem)(HumanHealth)(NaturalResources)[45]802161000m()3000m()23(CaseStudy)800m1500m--()241819--20206025CPTU----26Borja19922001Mair1997Atachi,1998;Vermeer1999[57][65][66][49][67]Finn1991[68]Towhata1992[69]R.Uzuoka1998[70]Goodman1974Barton197720607027GoodmanGoodman209020802028TDRCTBazant20---Massmann,et.al,1989[71]Mctigue1986[72]Qianet.al2003[73]J.B.Esterhuizen,et.al,2001[74]2921Multiscale302005311943Biot205070HousnerNewmarkClough19561960IAEE2070Newmark,ParkPaulay2090(Performance–BasedSeismicDesign,PBSD)2050~60200814(IAEE)(WCEE)19631971(IAWE)(ICWE)3260A.G.Davenport70R.H.Scanlan205020802001911IAFSSICASS2000LiegeFranssenSIFSIF2006519702080T.T.Lie90Cardington862080903334(NEESStephen.A.Mahin)Chopra(ModalPushoverAnalysis)Pushover1995NEESTexasTech.University35LouisianaStateUniversityA.G.DavenprtWesternOntarioUniversityDavenportWindEngineeringGroupConsultingEngineers&Scientists202110~20123361-12337123GIS438391.1991319972..21..19973....19954.B.S.Taranth,SteelConcreteandCompositeDesignofTallBuilding(2ndEd),1998.5....19976....20027.T.V.Galambos,Recentresearchanddesigndevelopmentsinsteelandcompositesteel-concrete40structuresinUSA.J.Constructionalsteelresearch55(1),289-303,20008...().20059....200510.R.Clough&J,Penzien.Dynamicsofstructures,200311....199212....200413.D.Krajcinovic.DamageMechanics,Elsevier,200314....198315.J.M.Roesset,T.P.Yao,Stateoftheartofstructuralengineering,JournalofStructuralEngineering,128,965-975,200216.R.D.Bentero,V.Vertero,Performancebasedseismicengineering:theneedforareliableconceptualcomprehensiveapproach.EarthquakeEngineering&StructuralDynamics.31,627-652,2002.17.L.C.Hollaway,Theevolutionofandthewayforwardforadvancedpolymercompositesinthecivilinfrastructure.ConstructionandBuildingMaterials,17,365-378,2003.18.....200019.K.Nagata,etal.“Developmentofremoteparallelpseudo-dynamictestingsystembyusingINTERNET.Proc.OffifthPacificstructuralsteelconference,589-594,1998.20.P.K.Mehta,Concretedurability,fiftyyearsprogress,Proc.Of2ndInternationalConferenceonConcreteDurability.1-33.199121....200322...().200523.Xiang,H.F.andGe,Y.J.,2003,OnAerodynamicLlimittoSsuspensionBridges,KeynotePaperinProceedingsofthe11thInternationalConferenceonWindEngineering,Texas,USA,pp.28-35.24.Roesset,J.M.andYao,J.T.P.,2002,StateoftheArtofStructuralEngineering,JournalofStructuralEngineering,ASCE,Vol.128,No.8,pp.965-975.25.Zadeh,L.A.,1965,FuzzySets,JournalofInformationControl,Vol.8,pp.338-353.4126.Yen,J.andLangari,R.,1999,FuzzyLogic,Prentice-Hall,UpperSaddleRiver,N.J.,USA.27.200328.Simiu,E.andScanlan,R.H.,1996,WindEffectsonStructures,3rded.,JohnWiley&Sons,NewYork,USA.29.Davenport,AG.,1962,BuffetingofaSuspensionBridgebyStormWinds,JournalofStructuralEngineering,ASCE,Vol.88,No.6,pp.233-264.30.200431.200132.Leonhardt,F.,1980,DieSpannbeton-Schrag-KabelBrukenuberdenColumbiaRiverZwischenPaseoundKennawickimEtaatWashington,BetonundStahllelonban.33.200234.Thompson,P.D.,Small,E.P.,Johnson,M.andMarshall,A.R.,1998,ThePointsBridgeManagementSystem,StructuralEngineeringInternational,IABSE,Vol.8,No.4,pp.303-308.35.Hawk,H.andSmall,E.P.,1998,TheBRIDGITBridgeManagementSystem,StructuralEngineeringInternational,IABSE,1998,Vol.8,No.