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1Unit2Greatminds语法一、作主语，可以用it代替，it叫形式主语，动词不定式放在后面叫真正主语1．Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.Itisnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.2.It’sdangeroustodriveveryfast.二、作表语Myideaistoringhimupatonce.我的想法是马上给他打电话。如果主语部分含实义动词do，且作表语的动词又是“do”的内容，这时表语不定式的“to”可以省略。如：AllIdidwaswaithere.我能做的就是在这里等。三、常可接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：agree(同意),hope(希望),decide(决定),need(需要),mean(打算),wish(希望),fail(失败),want(想要),begin(开始),wouldlike(想要)等。Hehasdecidedtogotothecountryside.他已决心去乡下。四、“疑问词+动词不定式”结构可以作动词know、think、findout等的宾语。Idon’tknowwhotoask.我真不知道该问谁。五、“疑问词+动词不定式”可以作动词show、teach、ask等后面的直接宾语。Shetoldmewheretofindtheearphone.她告诉我什么地方可以找到耳机。六、如果宾语太长，可用it作形式宾语，构成“主语+谓语+it+宾语不足语(名词或形容词)+todosth”结构，谓语动词常为find、think、feel等。Ifounditdifficulttostophim.我发现拦截他很困难。七、动词不定式可以作介词的宾语。Autumnharvestisabouttostart.秋收即将开始。I’mworryingaboutwhattodonext.我正愁下一步该怎么办。八、作定语的动词不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。Ihavealotofbookstoread.我有许多书要读。此时，如果动词不定式动词为不及物动词，后面的介词绝对不能省略。2Wehadonlyacoldroomtolivein.我们只有寒室一间。九、不定式复合结构作主语时，需注意：It’s+形容词+for/of+sb+todosth.当上面的形容词指的是todosth的性质时，用介词for。It’sdangerousforchildrentoswimintheriver.孩子在这条河里游泳很危险。（游泳这件事情危险）当上面的形容词指的是sb的性质时，用介词of。这些形容词往往修饰人：good,bad,polite,unkind,kind,nice,clever,right,wrong,careful,carelessItwascarelessofyoutodothat.你这么做真粗心。（你这个人粗心）十、动词hear,see,feel,watch,notice,lookat,listento等后面的动词不定式作宾语补足语时不能带to,即常见的形式为:hearsbdosth等Manypeopleliketowatchothersplaygames.许多人喜欢看别人玩游戏.十一、let,make,have后面的动词不定式作宾语补足语,也不能带to;help后面的动词不定式作宾语补足语,to可有可无Sheletusmeetheratthestation,butshedidn’tcome.她让我们去车站迎接她,卡她没有来.十二、跟带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词还有:ask,beg,leave,like,love,hate,prefer,order,teach,tell,believe,find,know,want,think,understand,wouldlike等形式为:asksbtodosthWouldyoulikemetovisithim?要不要我拜访他?Iwouldpreferyounottocometomorrow.我宁愿你明天不要来.Heaskthedrivertostopthemotobike.他要那位司机拦下那辆摩托车.十三、区别下列词组的不同含义:①liketodosthlikedoingsth②stoptodosth3stopdoingsth③remembertodosthrememberdoingsth④forgettodosthforgetdoingsth十四、Ittakessbsometimetodosth.花费某人一段时间干某事.Ittookmehalfanhourtodomyhomeworkyesterday.昨天我花了半小时做回家作业.IttookJimanhourandahalftoreadthebook.吉姆花了一个半小时看这本书.Ittookmotheroneandahalfhourstodothehousework.母亲花了一个半小时干家务.用汉字表述上面的句型为:It+take+人+一段时间+todosth.一段时间形式往往为像这样的例子:fifteenminutes15分钟,anhour一个小时,twodays两天,halfamonth半个月,ayearandahalf一年半...等等十五、不定式的特殊句型WhynotWhynot+动词原形表达向某人提出建议，翻译为：为什么不……?干吗不……?例如：Whynottakeaholiday?干吗不去度假?练习根据括号内的动词,用适当的形式填空,空内可能不只填一个词,使句子完整意思正确1.Theyusually__________kitesonSundays.(fly)2.Look!Thedogs__________afterthecat.(run)3.MissGao__________Englishinourschoolsinceshecamehere.(teach)4.Theclassmeeting_________lastWednesdayafternoon.(hold)5.Youshouldlethim__________theworkbyhimself.(finish)6.Meimei__________towashtheoldwoman’sclothestwiceeveryweek.(go)47.MrJiang__________usChineselastterm.(teach)8.Myfather__________backfromJapantomorrow.(come)9.It’sseveno’clocknow.TheGreens__________breakfasttogether.(have)10.Jim__________manyChinesesongssincehecametoChina.(learn)11.Pleaseremember__________thewindowwhenyouleavetheroom.(close)12.Afterschoolsomestudentsbegantodosome__________intheclassroom.(clean)13.English__________widelyinthewholeworldtoday.(speak)动词不定式练习：一.根据上句意思完成下句，使两句意思相近或相同，每空一词。1.Hewassoangrythathecouldn’tsayanything.Hewastooangry_____________anything.2.Idon’tknowwhenwewillhavethemeeting.Idon’tknowwhen______________themeeting.3.Hesaidhewouldwritealetter.Hesaidhewouldhavealetter_____________.4.ThatyoureadEnglishinthemorningisveryimportant.Itisveryimportant_____you____________Englishinthemorning.5.Hewassostrongthathecouldliftthestone.（石头）Hewasstrong________________thestone.6.HisfatherwenttoBeijingforhisholiday.HisfatherwenttoBeijing______________hisholiday.7.Theygotupearlysothattheycouldgetthereintime.Theygotupearly________________________thereintime.8.Hisbrotherdecidedthathewouldbuythebook.Hisbrotherdecided____________thebook.9.HehopesthathecanvisittheGreatWall.Hehopes____________theGreatWall.10.Isawhimgointotheroom.Hewasseen___________intotheroom.11.Wemadehimworkfivehoursaday.Hewasmade___________fivehoursaday.12.Doyouwanttosayanythingforyourself?Doyouhaveanything__________foryourself?13.Wedon’tknowwhatweshalldonext.5Wedon’tknowwhat___________next.14.I’mverysorryonhearingthebadnews.I’mverysorry____________thebadnews.15.Hestoppedandhadalookatme.Hestopped___________alookatme.16.IhelpedhimwithhisEnglish.Ihelpedhim___________English.17.Myfatherpromised（许诺）thathewouldbuymeabike.Myfatherpromised__________meabike.18.TheboxissoheavythatIcan’tcarryit.Theboxistooheavy______me______________.19.“Liedown!”theboysaidtohisdog.Theboyorderedhisdog____________down.20.“Don’tmakeanynoise,”shesaidtome.Shetoldme_____________________anynoise.二.单选：1.Thiscompanywasthefirst____portableradiosaswellascassettetaperecordersintheworld.A.producingB.toproduceC.havingproducedD.produced2.Thepurposeofnewtechnologyistomakelifeeasier,____itmoredifficult.A.notmakingB.notmakeC.nottomakeD.nortomake3.Helenhadtoshout______abovethesoundofthemusic.A.makingherselfhearB.tomakeherselfhearC.makingherselfheardD.tomakeherselfheard4.Idon’tknowwhetheryouhappen_______,butIamgoingtostudyintheU.S.AthisSeptember.A.tobeheard.B.