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第1页（共8页）全国硕士研究生招生考试英语SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1(10points)Peoplehavespeculatedforcenturiesaboutafuturewithoutwork.Todayisnodifferent,withacademics,writers,andactivistsonceagain01thattechnologyisreplacinghumanworkers.Someimaginethatthecomingwork-freeworldwillbedefinedby02.Afewwealthypeoplewillownallthecapital,andthemasseswillstruggleinanimpoverishedwasteland.Adifferentandnotmutuallyexclusive03holdsthatthefuturewillbeawastelandofadifferentsort，one04bypurposelessness:Withoutjobstogivetheirlives05,peoplewillsimplybecomelazyanddepressed.06,today’sunemployeddon’tseemtobehavingagreattime.OneGalluppollfoundthat20percentofAmericanswhohavebeenunemployedforatleastayearreporthavingdepression,doubletheratefor07Americans.Also,someresearchsuggeststhatthe08forrisingratesofmortality，mental-healthproblems，andaddiction09poorly-educatedmiddle-agedpeopleisshortageofwell-paidjobs.Perhapsthisiswhymany10theagonizingdullnessofajoblessfuture.Butitdoesn’t11followfromfindingslikethesethataworldwithoutworkwouldbefilledwithunease.Suchvisionsarebasedonthe12ofbeingunemployedinasocietybuiltontheconceptofemployment.Inthe13ofwork,asocietydesignedwithotherendsinmindcould14strikinglydifferentcircumstancesforthefutureoflaborandleisure.Today,the15ofworkmaybeabitoverblown.“Manyjobsareboring,degrading,unhealthy,andawasteofhumanpotential,”saysJohnDanaher,alecturerattheNationalUniversityofIrelandinGalway.Thesedays,becauseleisuretimeisrelatively16formostworkers,peopleusetheirfreetimetocounterbalancetheintellectualandemotional17oftheirjobs.“WhenIcomehomefromahardday’swork，Ioftenfeel18,”Danahersays,adding,“InaworldinwhichIdon’thavetowork,Imightfeelratherdifferent”-----perhapsdifferentenoughtothrowhimself19ahobbyorapassionprojectwiththeintensityusuallyreservedfor20matters.01.[A]boasting[B]denying[C]warning[D]ensuring02.[A]inequality[B]instability[C]unreliability[D]uncertainty03.[A]policy[B]guideline[C]resolution[D]prediction04.[A]characterized[B]divided[C]balanced[D]measured05.[A]wisdom[B]meaning[C]glory[D]freedom06.[A]Instead[B]Indeed[C]Thus[D]Nevertheless07.[A]rich[B]urban[C]working[D]educated08.[A]explanation[B]requirement[C]compensation[D]substitute09.[A]under[B]beyond[C]alongside[D]among10.[A]leavebehind[B]makeup[C]worryabout[D]setside11.[A]statistically[B]occasionally[C]necessarily[D]economically12.[A]chances[B]downsides[C]benefits[D]principles13.[A]absence[B]height[C]face[D]course14.[A]disturb[B]restore[C]exclude[D]yield第2页（共8页）15.[A]model[B]practice[C]virtue[D]hardship16.[A]tricky[B]lengthy[C]mysterious[D]scarce17.[A]demands[B]standards[C]qualities[D]threats18.[A]ignored[B]tired[C]confused[D]starved19.[A]off[B]against[C]behind[D]into20.[A]technological[B]professional[C]educational[D]interpersonalSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]orD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1(40points)Text1EverySaturdaymorning,at9am,morethan50,000runnerssetofftorun5kmaroundtheirlocalpark.TheParkrunphenomenonbeganwithadozenfriendsandhasinspired400eventsintheUKandmoreabroad.Eventsarefree,staffedbythousandsofvolunteers.Runnersrangefromfouryearsoldtograndparents;theirtimesrangefromAndrewBaddeley'sworldrecord13minutes48secondsuptoanhour.ParkrunissucceedingwhereLondon'sOlympiclegacyisfailing.TenyearsagoonMonday,itwasannouncedthattheGamesofthe30thOlympiadwouldbeinLondon.PlanningdocumentspledgedthatthegreatlegacyoftheGameswouldbetoleveranationofsportloversawayfromtheircouches.Thepopulationwouldbefitter,healthierandproducemorewinners.Ithasnothappened.Thenumberofadultsdoingweeklysportdidrise,bynearly2millionintherun－upto2012－butthegeneralpopulationwasgrowingfaster.Worse,thenumbersarenowfallingatanacceleratingrate.Theoppositionclaimsprimaryschoolpupilsdoingatleasttwohoursofsportaweekhavenearlyhalved.Obesityhasrisenamongadultsandchildren.OfficialretrospectionscontinueastowhyLondon2012failedtoinspireageneration.ThesuccessofParkrunoffersanswers.Parkrunisnotaracebutatimetrial:Youronlycompetitoristheclock.Theethoswelcomesanybody.Thereisasmuchjoyoverapuffed-outfirst-timerbeingclappedoverthelineasthereisabouttoptalentshining.TheOlympicbidders,bycontrast,wantedtogetmorepeopledoingsportsandtoproducemoreeliteathletes.Thedualaimwasmixedup:Thestressonsuccessovertakingpartwasintimidatingfornewcomers.Indeed,thereissomethingalittleabsurdinthestategettinginvolvedintheplanningofsuchafundamentallygrassrootsconceptascommunitysportsassociations.Ifthereisaroleforgovernment,itshouldreallybegettinginvolvedinprovidingcommongoods－makingsurethereisspaceforplayingfieldsandthemoneytopavetennisandnetballcourts,andencouragingtheprovisionofalltheseactivitiesinschools.Butsuccessivegovernmentshavepresidedoversellinggreenspaces,squeezingmoneyfromlocalauthoritiesanddecliningattentiononsportineducation.Insteadofwordy,worthystrategies,futuregovernmentsneedtodomoretoprovidetheconditionsforsporttothrive.Oratleastnotmakethemworse.21.Accor