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Grammar【观察体会】请看下图及对话，体会表示现在的虚拟语气的用法。A:Whydon’tourgrandchildrenvisitusmoreoften?B:Theydon’thaveenoughtime.Iftheyhadmoretime,they’dvisitusmoreoften.A:IwonderwhyFredworkssohard.B:Idon’tknow.Hemustlikehisjob.A:Ifhedidn’tlikehisjob,hewouldn’tworksohard.虚拟语气在英语中，表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测，要用虚拟语气。1.如果他有时间，他就会和你去。Ifhehadtime,hewouldgowithyou.2.如果你昨天在这里，他就能找到你了。Ifyouhadbeenhereyesterday,hewouldhavefoundyou.3.如果你明天能把书还给我，我会非常高兴。Ifyouweretoreturnthebooktome,Iwouldbeveryhappy.时间if从句动词主句动词与现在事实相反did(be该为were)would/should/could/mightdo与过去事实相反haddonewouldhavedone与将来事实可能相反did/shoulddo/weretodowould/should/could/mightdo1.Iftheworld-war_____(burst)outagain,what_____________(happen)toourpeopleonearth?IfTom________(be)morecarefulintheexam,he________________(pass)italready.burstwouldhappenhadbeenwouldhavepassed3.IfI_____(be)inyourposition,I_________(ask)forteacher’shelp.4.Ifthere_________(be)nonaturalresourceanymore,we___________(make)useofnuclearpower.werewouldaskshouldbeshouldmake5.IfRobots______________(control)theworldsomeday,here_________(be)nofriendship.weretocontrolwouldbe假如他来了,我们对他说什么呢？Ifheweretocome,whatshouldwesaytohim.假如他看见我,就会认识我。Ifheshouldseeme,hewouldknowme.•IfIwereatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.•WereIatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.•Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldcatchthebus.•Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldcatchthebus.•Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.•Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.•WereIatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.•Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldcatchthebus.•Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.If虚拟条件句的特殊情况1.在条件句中可省略if，把were,had,should提到句首，变为倒装句式。•1.我要是你，就不做这事。•WereIyou(IfIwereyou),Iwouldnotdoit.•2.他要是来了，让他给我打电话。•Shouldhecome(Ifheshouldcome),tellhimtoringmeup.Exercises•1.Withoutair,therewouldbenolivingthings.•=Iftherewerenoair,therewouldbenolivingthings.如果没有空气的话，就不会有生物了。•2.Butforyourhelp,Icouldn'thavedoneit.•=Ifithadn'tbeenforyourhelp,Icouldn'thavedoneit.要不是你的帮助，我就不可能完成这件事•3.Whatwouldyoudowithamilliondollars?•=Ifyouhadamilliondollars,whatwouldyoudo?•如果你有一百万，你会怎么办？我那天生病了，否则我就会参加那个运动会。•Iwasillthatday.Otherwise(IfIhadnotbeenillthatday),Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.2.含蓄条件句：有时为了表达的需要，使用with,without,butfor(要不是)，otherwise,or,来代替if引导的虚拟条件句。•1.Ifyouhadlistenedtothedoctor,youwouldbeallrightnow.•如果你当初听了医生的话，身体现在就好了。•（从句动作指过去，主句动作指现在）3.错综时间条件句：主从句发生时间不一致，要根据主从句各自时间对应的结构。•要是你高一的时候多练习讲英语的话，现在就能讲得很流利了。•IfyouhadpractisedspeakingEnglishmoreinGradeone,youwouldbeabletospeakitfluently.Period2A:Doyouenjoydrivingaschoolbus?B:Notreally.IwishIdroveataxi.A:CanJonathandance?B:No,hecan’t,buthewisheshecould.Ifhecoulddance,he’dgodancingeverynight.wish+宾语从句：表示难以实现的愿望，从句谓语用虚拟语气1)表示对现在情况的虚拟:从句动词用过去式或过去进行式(be动词一般用were)。IwishIwereastallasYaoMing.我希望我和姚明一样高。Iwisheverydayweremybirthday.我希望每天都是我的生日。IwishIhadn’teatensomuchwatermelon.(2)表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用“had＋过去分词”。IwishIhadneverattendedtheparty.我希望我没参加过这个聚会。(3)表示对将来的主观愿望:从句动词形式为“would＋动词原形”。注意:主句的主语与从句的主语不能相同,因为主句的主语所期望的从句动作能否实现，取决于从句主语的态度或意愿(非动物名词除外)。e.g.我希望你明天来。Iwishyouwouldcometomorrow.Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.Whatwouldyoudoifyouwonthelottery?IfIwonthelottery,Iwould…IfIhadalotofmoney,Iwouldbuyavilla.IfIhadalotofmoneynow,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld.IfIhadalotofmoney,Iwouldgoshopping.Homework【观察体会】请看下图及对话，体会表示现在的虚拟语气的用法。A:Doyouenjoydrivingaschoolbus?B:Notreally.IwishIdroveataxi.A:CanJonathandance?B:No,hecan’t,buthewisheshecould.Ifhecoulddance,he’dgodancingeverynight.wish+宾语从句：表示难以实现的愿望，从句谓语用虚拟语气1)表示对现在情况的虚拟:从句动词用过去式或过去进行式(be动词一般用were)。IwishIwereastallasYaoMing.我希望我和姚明一样高。Iwisheverydayweremybirthday.我希望每天都是我的生日。IwishIhadn’teatensomuchwatermelon.(2)表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用“had＋过去分词”。IwishIhadneverattendedtheparty.我希望我没参加过这个聚会。(3)表示对将来的主观愿望:从句动词形式为“would＋动词原形”。注意:主句的主语与从句的主语不能相同,因为主句的主语所期望的从句动作能否实现，取决于从句主语的态度或意愿(非动物名词除外)。e.g.我希望你明天来。Iwishyouwouldcometomorrow.Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.