高考复习之倒装句型

Herecomesthecar.NeverhaveIseenthiskindofcar.Inversion全部倒装部分倒装倒装句讲解英语句子通常有两种语序：一种是陈述语序，一种是倒装语序。倒装可分为二种：将整个谓语提到主语之前的叫完全倒装（fullinversion）；而只将be、情态动词或者助动词放在主语之前的叫做部分倒装（partialinversion）。Enjoythefollowingstory:Longlongago,therewasahill;onthehillstoodatemple（寺庙）;inthetemplelivedanoldmonk（和尚）,theoldmonkwastellingstoriestoalittlemonk.一.完全倒装“Here,There,Now,Then+come(或be,go,lie,)+主语Herecomestheoldlady!Thencamethehourwehadbeenlookingforwardto.Therecomesthebus.Nowcomesyourturn.如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。如:Hereyouare.Thereshecomes.1.在以here、there、now、then等副词开头,且主语是名词的句子里，谓语动词是come(或be,go,lie)所以,Therebe结构也是倒装,在此结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词有:exist,seem,lie,happen,appear,live,stand等。如:Therestoodadogbeforehim.Thereexistdifferentopinionsonthisquestion.巩固练习:1)________abeautifulpalace________thefootofthehill.A.Therestand;atB.Therestands;underC.Standsthere;underD.Therestands;at2.表示方向的副词out,in,up,down等置于句首,且主语是名词时，要用全部倒装。如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。如:IncameMr.White.Upwentthearrowintotheair.Awaywenttheboy.Ex.1)There________.Andhere________.A.goesthephone;shecomesB.isthephonegoing;issheC.doesthephonego;doesshecomeD.thephonegoes;comesheThedooropenedandincameMr.White.Thedooropenedandinshecame.Herecomesthecar.Hereitcomes.Onhearingtheshot,awayflewthebird.Onhearingtheshot,awayitflew.如果主语是人称代词则不用倒装3.当表示地点的介词词组(如onthewall,underthetree,infrontofthehouse,inthemiddleoftheroom等)在句首时。Atthefootofthehillliesabeautifullake.Thesoldiersrantothebuilding,onthetopofwhichflewaflag.Eastofthelakelietwotowns.④Underthetreelayawoundedsoldier.Nearthechurch________cottage.A.wassuchanoldB.hadasooldC.wassucholdaD.issoanold2)Out________,withastickinhishand.A.didherushB.rushedheC.herushedD.hedidrush3)________fromthetopofthebuildingwhenthepolicemanpointedthegunathim.A.JumpeddowntherobberB.JumpedtherobberdownC.DownjumpedtherobberD.DowntherobberjumpedThedayswhenteacherswerelookeddownuponaregone.Thestoryhetoldmewassuch.为了保持句子结构平衡,避免头重脚轻。“表语+be+主语”结构。4、主.....+系+表为了使句子结构保持平衡，常将表语提前。句子的结构则为“表语+系动词+主语”。如：Gonearethedayswhenwehadnothingtoeat.TypicalisthecasewhereparentsbuyahouseforsonsinChina.Presentarethescientistswhocanwintheprize.Suchwastheresultthatyoulookedforwardto.SuchwasEinstein,amanofachievements,deepthoughts,butwithsimplehabits.therebe句型(live,exist,stand,appear,remain)在这个房间里有很多可爱的学生。Therearemanylovelystudentsintheroom.地表时有方now,thenYourturncomesnow.Nowcomesyourturn.地表时有方Someexperiencedteachersarepresentatthemeeting.Presentatthemeetingaresomeexperiencedteachers.地表时有表语提前(常将形容词，分词，介词短语提前方做地点状语的介词短语位于句首时和地点副词here,there在句首Ateacherstandsinthefrontoftheclassroom.Inthefrontoftheclassroomstandsateacher.表时有地方Here.comesthebus.Underthetree.standsalittleboyHereitcomesUnderthetreehestandsin,out,up,down,away,off位于句首Theballoonsflewup.UpUpflewthey.(×)Uptheyflew.(√)(方位副词）flewtheballoons.地表时有方二、部分倒装部分倒装是把be动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词,要在主语之前加助动词do/does/did等,而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。1.用于疑问句DoyouspeakEnglish?WhatdoIneedtotakewithme?1.句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。这类词或短语主要有never,not,no,neither,nor,little,seldom(很少，不常）,rarely（很少，罕有）,hardly,scarcely（几乎不，简直没有）,nosooner（立即）,notonly,innoway（决不）,atnotime,bynomeans,innoway,等,如:•NotaworddidIsaytohim.•NeverhaveIfoundhimsohappy.•LittledoeshecareaboutwhatIsaid.•Ican'tswim.Neithercanhe(swim).•Nosoonerhadhegonetobedthanhefellasleep.注意：1)当上述单词不提前时，则不倒装。①Iseldomreadnewspaperbefore.②Hehadhardlyfinishedhishomeworkwhenthelightwentout.2)当这些词作形容词修饰主语时且置句时，句子不倒装。LittleTomisanintellingentboy.巩固练习:1)Hardly____theairportwhentheplanetookoff.A.IhadarrivedatB.hadIarrivedC.hadIreachedD.Ihadgotto2)—Haveyoueverseenanythinglikethatbefore?—No,_____anythinglikethatbefore.A.IneverhaveseenB.neverIhaveseenC.neverhaveIseenD.Ihaveseen3)Sheisnotfondofcooking,____I.A.soamB.noramC.neitherD.nordoa.Ididnotmakeasinglemistake.NotasinglemistakedidImake.b.Wehaveneverseensuchasightbefore.Neverhaveweseensuchasightbefore.c.Heseldomgoestoschoollate.Seldomdoeshegotoschoollate.3.Ihadhardlyreachedthebusstopwhenthebusstarted.Hardly____________thebusstopwhenthebusstarted.1.Hecareslittleaboutwhatothersthink.Little___________aboutwhatothersthink.2.Ihadnosoonersetoffthanitbegantorain.Nosooner___________thanitbegantorain.hadIsetoffhadIreacheddoeshecareHardly/scarcely…when…,Nosooner…than…刚/一……就……Notonly+分句,butalso+分句句型中的前一分句要部分倒装。如:NotonlydoesJohnloveChinese,butheisalsogoodatspeakingit.但notonly...butalso...连接主语时,不倒装。如:Notonlythemotherbutalsothechildrenaresick.___himselfwrong,buthisfriendswerewrong.A.NotwasonlyheB.NotonlyheC.NotonlywasheD.Notonlywas1.Notonly__________notbeafraidofdifficulties,butalso_________tryourbesttoovercomethem.A.weshould,weshouldB.weshould,shouldweC.shouldwe,weshouldD.shouldwe,shouldwe用于nosooner…than…,Hardly…when…,一…就…Scarcely…when…句型中。Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthantheclassbegan.Notuntil放在句首,从句不倒装,主句倒装。如:Notuntillastweekdidtheyfindthelostbike.(简单句)Notuntilmysonhadenteredtheuniversitydidherealizetheimportanceoftime.(复合句)1)Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury___knowwhatheatis.A.mandidB.manC.didn'tmanD.didman2)NotuntilIbegantowork____realizehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.A.didn'tIB.didIC.Ididn'tD.Inot......until引导的从句位于句首引起的倒装他没有