拜伦英文简介

GeorgeGordonByron(1788–1824)GeorgeGordonByron,isoneofthemostexcellentrepresentativesofEnglishRomanticismandoneofthemostinfluentialpoetsofthetime.HealsoisanationalheroinGreece.1PositioninEnglishHistory2Lifeandstory3MajorLiteraryWorks4HisInfluence5CommentsonByronContentsByron’sPositioninEnglishHistoryThemostoutstandingrepresentativeofEnglishRomanticism;Oneofthemostinfluentialpoetsofhistime;influenceonEuropeanpoetry,music,novel,opera,andpainting,andtheprogressivepoetsinmanyothercountries;patents•hisfatherwasacaptainnicknamedMadJack,whohadsquanderedawaythemoneyofthepoet'smotherandthendesertedher,finallydieddeepindebtwhenhewasachild.•hismotherwasaScottishnoblewoman,CatherineGordon,adescendantoftheKingofScotland.ShewasthesecondwifeofMadJack“.EarlylifeBornintoanancientaristocraticfamilyon22January1788.Thoughhewasbornlame,hewasgoodatsports,especiallyatswimming；Inheritedthetitleofabaronandalargeestatefromhisgreat-uncleattheageoften;MoveswithhismothertoNewsteadAbbey,nearNottinghamIn1801hewassenttoHarrow,whereheremaineduntilJuly1805.ThenhewentontoTrinityCollege,Cambridge;MeetshishalfsisterAugustaduringthisperiod.Byron’sLife18071809181518161824LyricpoemstourofEuroperomanticversenarrativesunhappymarriage8yearsabroad(Switzerland,ItalyGreece)diedinGreeceLifeStoryIn1807,attheageof19,ByronwrotehisfirstpoetryHoursofIdleness《悠闲的时光》；Inthenextyear,Britain’sliterarymagazineEdinburghReviewlashedoutatthepoetry；In1809,intheformofasatire,EnglishBardsandScotchReviewers《英国诗人和苏格兰评论家》publishedandcausedgreatshockintheupperclasses.TookhisseatintheHouseofLordsinJan.1809,andbeganhisgrandtourinthesameyeartoLisbon,Spain,Greece,AlbaniaandTurkey.BeganworkonChildeHarold’sPilgrimage.PortugalSpainturkeyGreeceTheexperienceinEuropeprovidedhimwithpoeticalmaterialandhiscreativeworksoonreachedanewstageThepublicationin1812ofthefirsttwocantosofChildeHarold'sPilgrimage,apoemnarratinghistravelsbetween1809and1811inEurope,broughtByronfame.Hethensaid:“Iawokeonemorningandfoundmyselffamous.”In1815ByrongotmarriedtoAnnaIsabellaMilbanke.itprovedanunhappymarriage.Ayearlater,hiswifelefthimandrefusedtocomeback.Rumorsabouthisincestuousrelationshipwithhishalf-sisterAugustaanddoubtsabouthissanityledtohisbeingabusedanddecried.Soinangeranddisgust,ByronleftEnglandin1816andneverreturned.ByronfirstwenttoSwitzerland,wherehemadeacquaintancewithShelley.HenextestablishedresidenceinVenice,whereinthethreeyearsfrom1816to1819heproduced,amongotherworks,theversedramaManfred(1817),thefirsttwocantosofDonJuan(1818—1819),andthefourthandfinalcantoofChildeHarold(1818).InItaly(1816-1823),ByronwasreunitedwithShelleyandmadeacquaintancewithCountessGuiciolli,whosefatherandbrotherwereardentItalianpatriots.ByroninGreece(1821-1824)AtthenewsoftheGreekrevoltagainsttheTurks,ByronnotonlygavetheinsurgentGreeksfinancialhelpbutplungedhimselfintothestruggleforthenationalindependenceofthatcountry.HehadfinallysoldNewsteadAbbey.Becauseofseveralmonth'shardworkunderbadweather,Byronfellillanddied.ThewholeGreeknationmournedoverhisdeath.MajorLiteraryWorksHoursofIdleness(1806)《悠闲的时光》EnglishBardsandScotchReviewers(1809)《英国诗人和苏格兰评论家》ChildeHarold'sPilgrimage(1818)《恰尔德·哈罗尔德游记》TheGiaour(1813)《异教徒》TheCorsair(1814)Lara(1814)TheSiegeofCorinth(poem)(1816)Cain(1821)《该隐》TheVisionofJudgement(1821)《审判的幻境》TheAgeofBronze(1823)DonJuan(1819–1824;incompleteonByron'sdeathin1824)FeaturesofByron’sPoetryPersistentattackson“cant(伪善的)politics,religious,andmoral”;Noveltyoforientalscenery;RomanticcharacterofByronichero;Free,copious(丰富的)andvigorousdictionandsimple,freshdescriptions;Glowingimagination;EmploymentoftheOttavaRima(八行体)(OctaveStanza,an8-lineiambicpentameterstanzawiththerhymeschemeabababcc)fromItalianmock-heroicpoetry.Byron’schiefcontributiontoEnglishpoetry.Suchaheroisaproud,rebelliousfigureofnobleorigin.Passionateandpowerful,heistorightallthewrongsinacorruptsociety,andhewouldfightsingle-handedlyagainstallthemisdoings.Thusthisfigureisarebelliousindividualagainstoutwornsocialsystemsandconventions.AppearsfirstinChildeHarold’sPilgrimage,theninManfred,DonJuan,etc.indifferentguises.ByronicheroHisInfluenceHowever,foralongtimethereexistedtwocontroversialopinionsonByron:hewasregardedinEnglandasthepervertedman,thesatanicpoet;whileonthecontinent,hewashailedasthechampionofliberty,poetofthepeople.HisInfluence:①ontheworldByron'spoetryhasgreatinfluenceontheliteratureofthewholeworld.AcrossEurope,patriotsandpaintersandmusiciansareallinspiredbyhim.Poetsandnovelistsareprofoundlyinfluencedbyhiswork.ActuallyByronhasenrichedEuropeanpoetrywithanabundanceofideas,images,artisticformsandinnovations.HestandswithShakespeareamongtheBritishwriterswhoexertthegreatestinfluenceoverthemainlandofEurope.HisInfluence:②onChinaByron’spoetrywasfirstintroducedintoChinaattheendoftheQingDynasty,whenChinawasontheeveofthe1911Revolution.Hisrevolutionaryzealanddemocraticideals,asshowninhisstirringlyricTheIslesofGreeceandChildeHarold,stronglyimpressedtheChineseyouthwhowerethenwagingstrugglestooverthrowtheoldfeudalsystem.SincetheMay4Movementin1919,mo