Du-Bois-杜波依斯

W.E.B.DuBois(1868--1963)ImportanceinAfricanAmericanHistoryThemostmulti-faceted,prolific,andinfluentialwriterinAfricanAmericanhistory:historian,sociologist,civilrightsactivist,Pan-Africanist,creativewriter,critic,andeditorThefirstAfricanAmericantoearnaPh.D.fromHarvardThefirstprofessionallytrainedhistorianoftheAfricanandAfricanAmericanexperienceFoundingfatherofthedisciplineofmodernsociologyFatheroftheCivilRightsMovement:founderoftheNiagaraMovementandoneofthefoundersoftheNAACP(NationalAssociationfortheAdvancementofColoredPeople),editorofCrisis,theofficialorganofNAACPFounderofthemodernPan-AfricanMovementFounderofblackstudiesinAmericanacademiclifeDoubleconsciousnessInterestingfactsabouthislifeHisgood-for-nothingfatherdesertedhismotherandhimwhenhewasveryyoungHeattendedpredominantlywhiteschoolsandchurches:hadagoodrelationshipwithwhitesanddidn’tsufferedfromracialdiscriminationObtainedhisfirstbachelor’sdegreeinFiskUniversity,ablackcollegeObtainedanotherbachelor’sdegree,amaster’sdegreeandaPh.D.inhistoryinHarvardUniversityPursuededucationintheUniversityofBerlinfrom1892-1894TaughtatWilberforceUniversityandAtlantaUniversityAcceptedtheofferfromtheUniversityofPhiladelphiaanddidresearchonblackpeopleinPhiladelphiaRenouncedAmericancitizenshipandbecameacitizenofGhanaWorksTheSuppressionoftheAfricanSlave-TradetotheUnitedStates《美国对非洲奴隶贸易的查禁》(1896):thefirstvolumeintheHarvardHistoricalStudiesseriesThePhiladelphiaNegro(1899):thefirstsociologicaltextonanAfricanAmericancommunityintheUnitedStatesTheSoulsofBlackFolk《黑人的灵魂》(1903)Novels:TheQuestoftheSilverFleece《银羊毛寻觅记》(1911);DarkPrincess《黑色公主》（1928）;atrilogy,consistingofTheBlackFlame(1957);MansartBuildsaSchool(1959),WorldsofColor(1961)Autobiographies:Darkwater(1920);DustofDawn(1940)Historicalbooks:TheNegro(1915);BlackConstruction(1935)SocialBackgroundoftheEraJimCrowlawsandsegregationdisenfranchisement（剥夺选举权）KuKluxKlanandlynchingdoctrineofinferiorityofBlackpeopleIdeasofDuBoisIntegrationistandAgitatorforfullcitizenshipSelf-segregationtodevelopblackeconomyandbusinessRadicaldemocrat:espousesocialismandcommunismAdvocateofliberalartseducationInventorsoftheconceptsofveilanddoubleconsciousnessTheproblemofthe20thcenturyisthecolorline.ThetheoryoftheTalentedTenthTerms术语