形容词及其比较级和最高级

形容词及其比较级和最高级I.形容词（adj.）修饰名词,在句子中作定语和表语。e.g.ThebeautifulgirlspeaksgoodEnglish.(用于名词之前，作定语)There’ssomethinginterestinginthenewspaper.(用于不定代词之后，作后置定语)Theboysareclever.(用于be动词之后，作表语)II.形容词的顺序：限观型龄色图国材III.形容词比较级（-er）和最高级(-est)1.变化规则1)adj.(单音节或部分双音节)＋er/est:tall-taller-tallest;great-greater-greatest;fast-faster-fastest;long-longer-longest;clever-cleverer-cleverest2)–e+r\st:nice-nicer-nicest;large-larger-largest;late-later-latest;safe-safer-safest3)“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节，变y为i加er\est:easy-easier-easiest;busy-busier-busiest;early-earlier-earliest;cloudy-cloudier-cloudiest;windy-windier-windiest;friendly-friendlier-friendliest;lovely-lovelier-loveliest;ugly-uglier-ugliest;happy-happier-happiest;lonely-lonelier-loneliest4)重读闭音节(倒数辅元辅)，双写最后一个字母＋er/est:big-bigger-biggest;hot-hotter-hottest;thin-thinner-thinnest;sad-sadder-saddest;fat-fatter-fattest;wet-wetter-wettest;mad-madder-maddest;slim-slimmer--slimmest5)部分双音节和多音节词，在该词前加more\themost:important-moreimportant-themostimportant;beautiful-morebeautiful-themostbeautiful6)以ing和ed结尾的形容词，在该词前加more\themost:boring-moreboring-themostboring；bored-morebored-themostbored;interesting-moreinteresting-themostinteresting7)不规则变化：good/well-better-thebest;bad/ill/badly-worse-theworst;many/much-more-themost;little-less-theleast;8)以下形容词没有比较级和最高级：wonderful,favourite,fantastic,final,last,perfect,excellent,right,wrong,only,full2.用法1)比较级：A＋动词＋形容词的比较级＋than+BHisbrotherisyoungerthanI/me.HangzhouismorebeautifulthanChengdu.Areyoufeelingbetter(thanbefore)?2)在形容词比较级前可以用much,even,still,far,alittle,abit,alot,以加强语气Ourcityismuchmorebeautifulthanyours(=yourcity).JapanisalittlelargerthanGermany.He’sevenslowerthanbefore.3)表示倍数：…times+形容词比较级＋than…Ourroomistwicelargerthantheirs.(我们的房间比他们的大两倍)Thisriveristentimeslongerthanthatriver.4)表示“大几岁”，“高几厘米”：表示数量的词＋形容词比较级I’mtwoyearsolderthanyou.She’saheadtallerthanI/me.(她比我高一个头)5)表示“比其他任何。。。都。。。”：比较级＋thananyother+名词单数Heisbetterthananyotherstudentintheclass.（他在班里比任何一个学生都好)＝Heisthebestintheclass.=Heisbetterthantheotherstudentsintheclass.Thiswatchismoreexpensivethananyotherwatchintheshop.=Thiswatchisthemostexpensiveoneintheshop.=Thiswatchismoreexpensivethantheotherwatchesintheshop.6)表示“越来越。。。”：比较级＋and＋比较级Theweatherisgettingwarmerandwarmer.天气变得越来越暖和Chinaismoreandmorebeautiful.7)表示“越。。。就。。。”：the+比较级。。。，the+比较级。。。。Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.Therichershebecomes,thehappiersheis.8)表示“两个中比较。。。的”：the+比较级＋ofthetwoThiswatchisthecheaperofthetwo.Ofthetwogirls,Lynnisthecleverer.9)形容词的原级比较：A+动词＋as形容词原级as+BTomisashonestasJohn.Tom和John一样诚实。Mydogisasoldasthatone.Heisnotas/socarefulasI.他不如我细心。(注意否定句)＝HeismorecarelessthanI.\Iammorecarefulthanhim.TheweatherinBeijingisnotas/sohotasthatinWuhan.=TheweatherinWuhanishotterthanthatinBeijing.（代替前面出现过的名词用that和those）ThestudentsinClass1areascleverasthoseinClass2.10)最高级：A+动词＋形容词最高级＋of/in…(形容词最高级前必须用the)Tomisthehappiestofus.Thisparkisthemostbeautifulofthethree.Sheistheyoungestintheclass.11)表示“是最。。。之一”：oneofthe+形容词最高级ShanghaiisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesinChina.RichardGereisoneofthemostsuccessfulfilmstarsinHollywoodtoday.12)序数词＋最高级HuangheisthesecondlongestriverinChina.黄河是中国的第二长河。Chinaisthethirdlargestcountryintheworld.13)用于现在完成时态中SheisthemostbeautifulgirlI’veeverseen.副词及其比较级和最高级I.副词的种类1．频率副词：always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never(情态动词，be动词，助动词之后；行为动词之前)2．时间副词：today,soon,now3．地点副词：here,there,home,out4．程度副词：very,much,enough,nearly5．方式副词：well,fast,carefully,slowly(放在动词之后，修饰动词)II形容词与副词的转换1．adj.+ly→adv.:quick-quickly;bad-badly;slow-slowly;kind-kindly;careful-carefully;final-finally2．-y→i+ly:easy-easily;heavy-heavily;happy-happily;noisy-noisily3．-le→ly:terrible-terribly,possible-possibly,simple-simply4．adj.和adv.同型:late,early,fast,well,far,hard,high,right,wrongShearrivedatschoollate(adv.)today.Sheislate(adj.)today.Theplaneflewpastahigh(adj.)tower.Thebirdflieshigh(adv.)inthesky.Thiskindofwoodishard(adj.坚硬的).Shestudieshard(adv.努力地).III副词的比较级和最高级1．规则：1)与adj.同型的adv.，比较级和最高级与形容词的比较级和最高级一样。2)以ly结尾的adv.,在该词前加more\(the)mostsmply---moresimply---mostsimply2．用法：1)Igotupearlierthanmymotherthismorning.Shedrivesmorecarefullythanherhusband.2)Ilikespringbetterthanwinter.(更喜欢。。。)Whichdoyoulikebetter,redorblue?3)Theyrunmuchfasterthanme.4)Hedrivesmorecarefullythananyotherpersoninhisfamily.=Hedrives(the)mostcarefullyinhisfamily.=Hedrivesmorecarefullythantheotherpeopleinhisfamily.5)Theplaneisflyingmoreandmorequickly.6)Themoreyoueat,thefatteryoubecome.7)Hewalksasslowlyasyou(do).Shelovesherschoolasmuchasherownhome.Idon’tspeakas/sofastasyou.=Ispeakmoreslowlythanyou=YouspeakfasterthanI8)Tomcanrun(the)fastestinourschool.(副词最高级前the可以省掉)Shedances(the)bestofall.Ilikeautumn(the)best(ofthethreeseasons).形容词副词比较级最高级练习I.Writedownthecomparativedegreeandthesuperlativedegreeformsofthefollowingwords.(10marks)good/wellbad/illmuch/manylittlefaroldthinimportantmoderncleveruglybeautifulfantastichandsometallfavouriteniceintelligentcarefulwrongslimII.Multiplechoice(15marks)()1.Idon’tlikewinterbecauseit’s______.A.coldB.colderC.coldestD.morecold()2.Whichis_______seasoninayear?A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest(