雅思阅读第五讲-判断题和多选题

IELTSREADINGTRUE/YES,FALSE/NO,NOTGIVEN判断题MULTIPLECHOICES多选题判断题介绍题目为数个陈述句。需要你根据原文判断每个句子是对(TRUE/YES)、错(FALSE/NO)，还是未提及(NOTGIVEN)。重点题型，每次必考。难度较大，尤其容易将F/N和NG混淆逻辑判断YESNONGNG原文：Thewateriscold.题目1：Thewaterischilly.题目2：Thewaterishot.题目3：Thewaterisdirty.重点难点区分false和notgivenFALSE和NOTGIVEN的差别。Ifyouwrite”False“asyouranswer,youaresayingthattheinformationexpressedinthequestionistheoppositeofthatpresentedintext.Thisisquitedifferentfroma”NotGiven“answer,whichsaysthatyoucanfindnothinginthetextabouttheinformation.解题步骤在题目中划出关键词。据关键词找到原文中对应的位置。可能是一句话也可能是几句话与原文观点一致TRUE/YES，对立或者相反FALSE/NO原文没有提及则NOTGIVEN如何划好判断题的关键词？从以下的句子中划出一个关键词：Networkingisnotamodernidea.Peoplefallintotwobasiccategories.Allteachersarecynics.ThefirstpieceofHesse’sarthaslittleeffectonvisitorstothegallery.TheNewForesthasalreadybeenmadeintoaNationalPark.如何划好判断题的关键词？表示关键内容的定位词，同其他题型特殊关键词：否定词或表示否定意义的词（支持、肯定还是反对、否定）Not,few,little,barely,具体的数字Two,million…限定范围的词（全体、部分）All,almost,only,except,apartof…时间指示词(指示时间的词，过去，现在或者未来)。Already,once,will,inthepast/future…情态动词(表示不同程度的义务和确定性)must,should,haveto频率副词sometimes,always，seldom,onceinawhile…TRUE/YES题目与原文的一句话基本相同或者是重述题目的含义隐含在是原文多句话中（较难），需要归纳或者概括补充的一点是，所谓选TRUE，并不意味着题目和原文百分之百的相等，只要两者的表述是在同一个方向上的便可，例如“same”和“similar”这两个表述就可以等同为是一致的。例题概括【题目】Theresearchfindingsreportcommercialratherthanpoliticaltrends.【原文】ResearchinBritainhasshownthat“greenconsumers”continuetoflourishasasignificantgroupamongstshoppers.Thissuggeststhatpoliticianswhoclaimenvironmentalismisyesterday’sissuemaybeseriouslymisjudgingthepublicmood例题归纳【题目】Aresponsedelayof1~2minutesmayhavesubstantialinfluenceonwhetherornotasuspectedcriminaliscaught.【原文】Ithasbeendemonstratedthatrapidresponseleadstoagreaterlikelihoodofanarrestonlyifresponsesareintheorderof1~2minutesafteracallisreceivedbythepolice.Whenresponsetimesincreasesto3~4minutes–stillquitearapidresponse–thelikelihoodofanarrestissubstantiallyreduced.FALSE/NO题目与原文内容相反、矛盾题目绝对化和排他性，原文有多种可能除了明显相反的情况（较少），还有如下比较隐晦的错误方式：题目在数量、频率、可能性上夸大和绝对化如：some-all;sometimes-always;原文是理论或者感觉（即，可对可错），题目中将其描述为一种“事实”，也是一种错误如：feel/consider-prove,theory–fact例题需要稍作推断【题目】Graphologyisagoodpredictoroffuturejobperformance.【原文】Researchintothevalidityofselectionmethodshasconsistentlydemonstratedthattheunstructuredinterviewisapoorpredictoroffuturejobperformanceandfareslittlebetterthanmorecontroversialmethodslikegraphologyandastrology.例题频率夸大【题目】Frogsandtoadsareusuallypoisonous.【原文】Eveninwetareasonceteemingwithfrogsandtoads,itisbecominglessandlesseasytofindthoseslimy,hoppingandsometimespoisonousmembersoftheanimalkingdom.例题可能性夸大【题目】Menareinvariablypreferredtowomenwhenitcomestopromotion.【原文】Womenalsohavelessjobsecurityandfeweropportunitiesforpromotion.Higherstatusjobs,eveninindustrieswhichemploymostlywomen,tendtobefilledbymen.例题绝对化【题目】TheEntertainmentCenterisonlyforinternationalpopularmusicartistswhoattractlargeaudiences.【原文】Therearenumerousclubswhichappealtopeopleofallages,andcaterforalltastes.Pubsarethevenueforsmallermodernbands,whilethebig-namepopularmusicartists,bothlocalandinternational,attractcapacityaudiencesatthehugeEntertainmentCenterintheheartofthecity.例题理论事实化【题目】Itisafactthatfrogs’breedingcyclesareupsetbyworldwideincreasesintemperature.【原文】Anothertheoryisthatworldwidetemperatureincreasesareupsettingthebreedingcyclesoffrogs.NOTGIVEN题目中的事情原文中没提从原文内容无法推理出题目的结论原文说的是目标、目的、想法、保证、誓言等未发生的事，在题目中已经发生常用字眼：aim,purpose;promise;swear;prediction;assumption原文和题干一个说比例、一个说数量，互不相干例题不可推理【题目】SydneyHarboristhelargestintheworld.【原文】The57-square-killometerSydneyHarborisoneofthelargestintheworld,andfamousfortheunmistakable134-meterhigharchoftheHarborBridgeandthegracefulsailsoftheOperaHouse.例题未发生【题目】OnlyamateurathletesareallowedtocompeteinthemodernOlympics.【原文】Hisaimwastobringtogether,onceeveryfouryears,athletesfromallcountriesonthefriendlyfieldsofamateursport.例题比例和数量无关【题目】Themajorityofteachersgetsatisfactionfromtheirwork.【原文】Manyteachersfindtheirjobsveryrewarding.特殊技巧题干中出现“绝对词”时，多为FALSE/NO题干出现比较级比较对象相同、比较方向也相同，选T/Y比较对象相同、比较方向相反，选F/N比较对象不同，NOTGIVEN原文无比较，选NOTGIVENI题目中有比较结构，文章中无比较结构则答案判断为NotGiven。题目:Infuture,peoplewillpaylessfortheleisurefacilitiestheyusethantheydotoday.原文:Andthefuture?Itisanticipatedthat,intheyearstocome,leisurespendingwillaccountforbetweenathirdtoahalfofallhouseholdspending,whilstitisdifficulttogiveexactfigures,theleisureindustrywillcertainlyexperiencealongperiodofsustainedgrowth.Ⅱ.比较对象不同题目:Snortedsubstancesreachthebrainfasterthaninjectedsubstances.原文:Scientistshavefoundthatasmokedsubstancereachesthebrainmorequicklythanoneswallowed,snorted(suchascocainepowder)oreveninjected.NOTGIVEN和False辨析本质是一个相关还是不相关的问题方法：题目和原文两个句子单独列出来，考虑一下这两句话在逻辑上是否有同时成立的可能性。如果没有就选False，而有的话，就选NotGiven.剑IV/G类TestB/2题目：OnReceiptofyourdeposit,WessexCottageswillconfirmyourbookingbytelephone.原文：Whenwereceiveyourbookingformanddeposit,yourreservationwillbeconfirmed—wewillsendyouaBookingConfirmation,togetherwithadviceonhowtoreachyourholidaycottageandthetelephonenumberofalocalcontactincaseyourequirefurtherdetailsonthecotta