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张杨,焦腾,荆西京,王华,于霄,王健琪(第四军医大学生物医学工程系,陕西省西安市710032):生物雷达主要可以用于实现间隔一定距离穿透一定厚度的介质对人体的生命体征进行非接触的检测该技术可以广泛应用于军事医学灾害医学城市反恐等领域,是国际科技界公认的一个非常重要的前沿技术领域本文介绍了生物雷达的概念和特点,生物雷达的两种分类方式,并重点阐述了国内外研究现状以及生物雷达技术的未来发展方向本文为生物雷达技术的进一步深入研究提供了建议和参考:生物雷达;连续波;超宽谱:TN95收稿日期:2010-08-05基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助(60801059)1生物雷达技术简介,))),,,(),(),,,[9][10],,,:;;;;,,,:,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,/0,(2~3),,,,,,,,,2生物雷达的分类,2.1从工作原理上分类,(CW)[1-4](UWB)[5]:(1)#6#3610201010InformatizationResearchVo.l36No.10Oct.2010,,,,,,:,,(),(),()[6],BellDennisR.Morgan[7](2),(),25%1.5GHz[8]:,;;,;;;,,(),,(),[9-10],()2.2从用途上分类,(1)[11]197110,Caro[12],19765,Franks[13],1996,LawrenceLivermoreNationalLaboratory(LLNL)(),,(2cm),,100m[14]JaycorNorbertC.Wjld,,[10],[15-16](2),K.M.Chen[17]L(),,,,,2007,[18]UWB,2m,,,512,(3),;MakotoKikuchi[19],,2004,[20]L,230cm5m,,(4),#7#3610,:##;JeongwooHanUWB,[21]DmitriyL.SostanovskyUWB[22],3生物雷达的国内外研究现状3.1国外连续波生物雷达技术研究现状[23-25],,,X[26],,LEDUHFKu[26]NoahHafner,[27](THz),,THz,20072008,JetPropulsionK.B.CooperR.J.Dengler2cmTHz,600GHz[28]580GHz[29],,(FMCW)RaytheonFMCW[26],5,AkelaUHFL,(,)(FMCW)FFT[30],Steppedfrequency(450MHz~2GHz),4[31],,,3.2国外超宽谱生物雷达技术研究现状2090,,,[32-33]TimeDomain1999Ra-darVision1000(TM-UWB)[34],10m,RadarVision2000[35](),,(BackProjectionalgorithm,BP),2004,[36]R&D[37](),BP,J.W.H.LeeA.K.Y.Lai1.8GHzUWB,(FiniteDifferenceTimeDomian,FDTD),[38],BP,,,,,(CombinedMethodofRayTracingandDiffraction,CMRTD)[39],ChangzhiLi[40]3.3国内生物雷达目标识别定位技术研究现状,,#8###201010-[41]100,5cmBP[42],,,,[43](LFMCW)FFT[44],,2006(RQA)[45],12cm,(3.5m4.5m),4生物雷达技术展望,:[46],[47][48],,,,,,,[1]MISRADK.Scatteringofelectromagneticwavesbyhumanbodyanditsapplications[D].Ph.D.dissertation.EastLan-sing:MichiganStateUniversity,1984:29-67.[2]YAMAGUCHIY,MITSUMOTOM,SENGOKUM,eta.lSyntheticapertureFM-CWradarappliedtothedetectionofobjectsburiedinsnowpack[J].IEEETransactiononGeosc-ienceandRemoteSensing,1994,32(1):11-18.[3]LADDMD,PACHECOMS,RIVASRR.Developmentofaremotevitalsignssensor[C]//ADPA/NSIAAnnualSecurityTechnologySymposium,1997:23-28.[4]CHUANGHR,CHENYF,CHENKM.Automaticclutter-cancelerformicrowavelife-detectionsystems[J].IEEETransactiononInstrumentationandMeasurement,1991,40(8):747-750.[5]YAROVOYG,LIGHTHARTLP.UWBradarforhumanbe-ingdetection[J].IEEEA&Esystemsmagazine,2006,25(3):10-14.[6]LOHMANB,BORIC-LUBECKEO,LUBECKEVM.Adig-talprocessorforDopplerradarsensingofvitalsigns[J].En-gineeringinMedicineandBiologyMagazine,IEEE,2002,21(5):161-164.[7]MORGANDR,ZIERDTMG.Novelsignalprocessingtech-niquesforDopplerradarcardiopulmonarysensing[J].SignalProcessing,2009,89(1):45-66.[8],,.[J].,2006,26(1):164.[9]IMMOREEVIY,SAMKOVSV.Ultra-wideband(UWB)ra-darforremotemeasuringofmainparametersofpatientcsvitalactivity[J].RadioPhysicsandRadioAstronomy(Ukraine),2002,7(4):404-407.[10]SAMKOVSV.SignalprocessinginUWBradarsofsmalldistance[J].UltraWidebandandUltraShortImpulseSig-nals,2004,22(9):1-3.[11]IMMOREEVI,TAOTH.UWBradarforpatientmonitoring[J].IEEEAreospaceandElectronicSystemsMagazine,2008,27(8):11-18.[12]CAROCG,BLOICEJA.Contactlessapnoeadetectorbasedonradar[J].Lancet,1971,2(7731):959-961.[13]FRANKSCI,WATSONJB,BROWNBH,eta.lRespira-torypatternsandriskofsuddenunexpecteddeathininfancy[J].ArchDisChild,1980,55(8):595-599.[14]LUBECKEVM.Micropowerimpulseradar[R].ScienceandTechnologyReview,UCRL,1996:34-35.[15]BUGAEVAS,CHAPURSKYVV,IVASHOVSI.Mathe-maticalsimulationofremotedetectionofhumanbreathingandheartbeatbymultifrequencyradaronthebackgroundoflocalobjectsreflections[C]//IEEERadarConference,2005:359-364.[16]STADERINIEM.UWBradarsinmedicine[J].IEEEAESSSystemsMagazine,2002,27(1):13-18.[17]CHENKM,HUANGY,ZHANGJP,eta.lMicrowavelifedetectionsystemforsearchinghumansubjectsunderearth-quakerubbleorbehindbarrier[J].IEEETransactionson#9#3610,:##BiomedicalEngineering,2000,27(1):105-114.[18]WANGJQ,ZHENGCX,LUGH.Anewmethodforiden-tifyingthelife-parametersbasedonradar[J].EURASIPJournalonAppliedSignalProcessing,2006,26(9):3146-3152.[19]KIKUCHIM,ISHIHARAM,MATSUIT.Biomedicaleng-ineeringcscontributiontodefendingthehomeland[J].IEEEEngineeringinMedicineandBiologyMagazine,2004,23(1):175-186.[20]WANGJQ,ZHENGCX,JINGXJ,eta.lStudyonano-contactlifeparameterdetectionsystemusingmillimeterwave[J].SpaceMedicine&MedicalEngineering,2004,17(3):157-161.[21]HANJ,NGUYENC.DevelopmentofatunablemultibandUWBradarsensoranditsapplicationstosubsurfacesensing[J].IEEESensorsJourna,l2007,7(1):51-58.[22]SOSTANOVSKYDL,BORYSSENKOAO,BORYSSENKOES.UWBradarimagingsystemwithtwo-elementreceivingarrayantenna[C]//5thInternationalConferenceonAntennaTheoryandTechniques,2005:357-360.[23]LINJC,KIEMICKIJ,WOLLSCHLAEGERPB.Microwaveapexcardiography[J].IEEETransactionsonMicrowaveTheoryandTechniques,1979,27(6):618-620.[24]PEDERSENPC,JOHNSONCC,DURNEYCH,eta.lAninvestigationoftheuseofmicrowaveradiationforpulmonarydiagnostics[J].IEEETransactionsonBiomedicalEngineer-ing,1976,BME-237(5):410-412.[25]CHENKM,MISRAD,WANGH,eta.lAnX-bandm-icrowavelifedetectionsystem[J].IEEETransactionsonBio-medicalEngineering,1986,BME-33(7):697-701.[26]BOREKSE,CLARKEBJ,COSTIANESPJ.Through-the-wallsurveillanceforhomelandsecurityandlawenforcemen