八年级英语完形填空解题技巧课件

ClozeCloze•一、完形填空的特点是什么？•完形填空是一种旨在考查考生的阅读能力、逻辑推理及分析归纳、综合判断能力的典型题，难易程度与初中教材相当，词数在180-250左右。文中平均每隔25个词左右设一空。人名、地名、日期等不在设空之列。隔词数越少，题目越难；反之亦然。Cloze•文体多以记叙文为主，首句通常不设空。考查内容集中在对名词、动词、代词、形容词和副词等实词的理解上。完形填空考查的就是你能否在缺字，不认得字、词语的情况下，能否通过推理判断、综合分析等全面理解文章的正确意思，然后把答案填入空白处，使短文前后连贯、意思通顺、结构完整合理。它的一个显著特点就是突出语篇，即重在文意的干扰，把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去，考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。Cloze•二、完形填空的考查点•“完形填空”题是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。•重点考查:词语搭配、词语辨析、逻辑推断、前后呼应等，有时兼顾一些讲英语国家的语言及生活习惯等。Cloze•词语搭配包括:习惯用语、动词、形容词、副词、介词、名词等的相互搭配；•词语辨析包括:近义词的辨析和易混词的辨析；•逻辑推断包括:根据上下文的信息判断和逻辑关系，如转折、递进、因果、条件、让步等关系，也包括根据上下文内容，选出一个意思与内容相符合的词或词语；•前后呼应是指有些句子如果孤立地理解，可能有多个选择，并且意思都能成立，但把前后文结合或联系起来理解，就只能有一个选择Cloze•三、完形填空题的解题步骤及技巧•1.第一步：细读首句，跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意•细读首句:明确短文话题，了解篇章结构,预测全文内容。•跳过空格，快速通读，领会大意，把握中心。•生词的处理:跳过、判断词性、了解大意、猜测。Cloze•第二步：上下联系，逐句阅读，先易后难，初定答案。•答案要求语法正确,搭配无误,结构完整，意思通顺,前后一致,逻辑得当。•怎样分析：A.从空格所在的句子单独考虑。•B.从空格所在的前后2-3句考虑。•C.从整个段落、整篇短文考虑。•思路一:分析句子结构，从语法和句型结构考虑。•思路二:理解句子含义，判断句义关系，从词汇的意义、用法和搭配考虑。•思路三:把握整体意思，寻找答题线索，从上下文考虑。•思路四:结合前后语境，进行逻辑推理，从日常生活常识考虑。Cloze•第三步：复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案，坚定信心。•▲怎样验证答案：•①所选答案是否能使全文流畅，逻辑推理是否正确。•②具体实事是否成立，前后关系是否理顺。•③语法是否正确，其中包括时态的选择、词汇选择、固定搭配等。•④在通读全文时最好在可能的条件下将所选答案填入文章中，反复阅读。Cloze1.MrBlackisadoctor,heworksinthe______.hospitalnightno/littlepassbutChallengeYourself2.Anursenotonlyworksintheday,butalsoworksduringthe_______.3.Heisratherbusy,sohehas_____timetohavelunchathome.4.WehaveanEnglishtestthisterm,it'sveryeasy,moststudentscan_______thistest.5.Thewholeclasswenttothezooyesterday,theywereverytired________happy.ClozeSkill1：context（上下文、语境）InNewYork,onaFridaynight,ayoungartiststoodatthegateofatrainstation.Hewasplayinghis_16_.Hismusicwassogreatthatmanypeopleputmoneyintohishat.Thenextday,theyoungartistcametothesameplace,andplayedtheviolinasusual.16.A.pianoB.guitarC.violinD.sax√violinviolinClozeSkill1：context（上下文、语境）Onceakingwaswalkingaroundapoolwithhisministers（大臣）.Suddenly,hecameupwithanidea.Heasked,“Howmanybasketsof41arethereinthepool?”….asbigasthepool,thereisonebasketofwater…41.A.fishB.flowersC.waterD.applesbasketofwaterwater√basketsofClozeEnglandisacountrywithweather.Itisoftenwindyandrainy….A.niceB.windyC.badSkill1：context（上下文、语境）ClozeSkill1：context（上下文、语境）Thereweresomanypeopleonthebusthattherewere___1__emptyseats.Whenayoungmangotout,anoldmannearhimwantedto___2____,buttheyoungmanpushedhimbackhisseat.“Thankyou,”hesaid,“butpleasedon'tdothat,Icanstand.”1.A.manyB.someC.enoughD.no2.A.sitdownB.getonC.setoutD.standup√√ClozeWhenwetalked,Idiscovered（发现）somedifferencesinschoollifebetweentheUSandChina.Forexample,eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS.Itisalittle__44__thanthatinChina.Weusuallyhaveforty-fiveminutesineachclass.44.A.shorterB.longerC.earlierD.later√fiftySkill2：logic（逻辑推理）forty-fiveClozeSkill2：logic（逻辑推理）Mymotheroftenaskedme，“Whatisthemostimportantpartofthebody?”Ithoughtsoundwasveryimportanttousashumans，soIsaid．“My17，Mommy．”Shesaid，“No．Manypeoplearedeaf（聋的）…17.A.earsB.eyesC.bodyD.head√sounddeafClozeSkill2：logic（逻辑推理）√ClozeWhentwopeopleareinaconversation,thespeakerwillonlylookatthelistenerfromtimetotime,inordertomakesurethatthelistenerdoespayattention48whatheorsheisspeaking…48.A.forB.ofC.withD.to√payattentiontoSkill3：regularcollocation（固定搭配）ClozeSkill3：regularcollocation（固定搭配）Inthemorning,thekingwenttovisitthepond.Tohissurprise,thepondwasonlyfilledwithwater!Whathappened?Yes!Everyonehadthesameidea48thatman.48.A.withB.toC.asD.of√thesameasClozeSkill3：regularcollocation（固定搭配）It'sSunday.Somestudentsaregoing____1__atripwiththeirteacher.___2___theirwaytheysawabusbehindthem.1.A.toB.forC.onD.at2.A.OnB.ByC.AtD.To√√ClozeSkill4：grammaranalysis（语法分析）Asareporter,IthinkIwillmeetlotsofpeopleandIshouldbefriendlytothem.IthinkI'llalsomakemanygood25andlivewiththem,becauseIdon'tlikelivingalone.25.A.friendB.friendsC.friends’D.friends’√manysClozeSkill4：grammaranalysis（语法分析）Alittlecocklivedneartheriver.Onemorningthelittlecock______hisbeautifulclothesandwentforawalkbytheriver.Onhiswayhemetalittleduck.A.woreB.hadonC.dressedD.puton分析：所给的四个选项是一组同义词组，都表示“穿”，但它们在用法上有所不同。Wear和haveon都可接物作宾语，意为“穿着”，表示状态；puton也可接“衣物”，作宾语，意为“穿上”，表示动作；而dress的宾语只能是人，而不能是“衣物”。根据以上分析，再结合原句的意思，可以确定正确答案为D。√ClozeSkill5：backgroundknowledge（背景知识）Allovertheworldpeopleswimforfun.Swimmingisenjoyedbypeopleof32ages,fromtheveryyoungtotheveryold.Therearemanyplacesforpeopletoswiminswimmingpools.32.A.allB.noneC.someD.both√Cloze1、context（上下文、语境）3、regularcollocation（固定搭配）2、logic（逻辑）SkillsofClozeTests(完形填空的解题技巧)4、grammaranalysis（语法分析）5、backgroundknowledge（背景知识）ClozeStepsofClozeTests(完形填空的解题步骤)1、跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意3、复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案2、瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破≈2mins≈10mins≈2minsClozeClosetestsareinterestingandchallenging,thoughdifficult.