初中英语语法概述一、同步知识梳理摩天大楼都是由钢筋和一块块砖瓦共同建造起来的,即使有再多的砖瓦,没有钢筋,不管几层楼都建不成,更不要说是摩天大楼了。同理,英语学习也是一样。我们可以做个类比:电影《碟中谍4》在世界最高楼-迪拜塔拍摄的场景喂,你说这帅锅爬这么高的楼他害不害怕呀?我哪知道,我对帅锅不感兴趣,我只想知道这么高的楼,是怎么盖成的呀??由此类比可知,如果把英语比作一栋摩天大楼,那语法就是钢筋,词汇就是一块块的砖瓦,缺少了语法,光有词汇的堆砌,是不能进行正确的英语表达的。所以,同学们,请拒绝“BrokenEnglish”!用心去建造我们自己的语言大楼吧!在正式动工之前,我们需要先开启英语语法学习之旅。知识点1:语法概说语言通常包括三部分,即语音、词汇和语法。语法,简单的说就是一套系统并完善的语言规则,即按照这种我们可以将词汇串联起来构成句子。知识点2:英语语法的构成+摩天大楼钢筋砖瓦英语语法词汇==+语言语音词汇语法知识点3:词法的相关概念1.英语的词类及其划分英语中主要有十大词类,分别是名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词、介词、连词和感叹词。2.词形变化同学们,英语中大部分的词汇用在具体语境中都会“变身”哦!知识点4:句法的相关概念1.句子的成分哈哈,看我会72变已经很厉害了吧!原来比我还能变的是英语单词啊!!!1Diagram2动词第三人称单数过去式过去分词现在分词...1名词单复数变化4数词基数词序数词3代词主格宾格形容词性物主代词...6.冠词不定冠词定冠词零冠词5.形容词、副词原级比较级最高级主语、谓语(主谓一致原则)宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语句子成分主要成分次要成分2.句子的分类二、同步例题分析知识点1:词法题例1:(13.南京.1)---DoyouknowMoYan?---Ofcourse.Hewonthe2012NobelPrizeforLiterature____B_____theageof57.A.inB.atC.onD.to例2:(13.常州.1)-HaveyougotanybooksonEnglishgrammar?Iwanttoborrow___A___.-Yes,hereyouare.ButyoumustreturnitbyFriday.AoneBitCsomeDthat例3:(13.苏州.7)Paulmadeanicecage___D____thelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly.A.keepB.keptC.keepingD.tokeep例4:(13.南京.4)Linda’sfatherhateswaitinginlonglines.Ithinkhe’sjustnotvery___A____.A.patientB.talentedC.popularD.powerful知识点2:句法题例1:(13.南京.9)---_____D_____weatheritis!Wecan’tgoboatingontheXuanwuLake.---Don’tworry.Let’sgototheScienceMuseuminstead.A.WhatgoodB.HowgoodC.HowbadD.Whatbad例2:(13.常州.9)-Howsoonwillyoustartyourjourney?-I’mnotsure.Ihaven’tdecided__B____.AwhenshallIaskthebossforleaveBwhereIwillgotospendtheholidayCwhetherIwouldgobytrainorbyplaneDwhocouldinvitemetogo例3:(13.南京.7)There_____C_____stillsomeapplejuiceinthefridge.It’snotnecessaryforustogotothesupermarketnow.A.wasB.wereC.isD.结构上功能上简单句并列句复合句陈述句疑问句祈使句感叹句Are三、课堂达标检测检测题1:---Excuseme,isthere____B____bookbyMoYan?---Yes.It’son_________bookshelfoverthere.A.a;/B.a;theC./;theD.the;a检测题2:---Wow!You’vegotsomanyclothes.---But____D____ofthemareinfashionnow.A.allB.bothC.neitherD.None检测题3:IfIamwantedinthetelephone,askhimtoleavea____A_____.A.messageB.letterC.diaryD.sentence检测题4:Mygrandmother______B____inYangzhou.Shewasbornthereandhasneverlivedanywhereelse.A.livedB.livesC.waslivingD.willlive检测题5:---Couldyoutellme_____D____?---Morethanayear.A.howsoonwillYangzhou-TaizhouAirportbebuiltB.howlonghasYangzhou-TaizhouAirportbeeninserviceC.howsoonYangzhou-TaizhouAirportwillbebuiltD.howlongYangzhou-TaizhouAirporthasbeeninservice检测题6:EagleFatherwasso______D____withhissonthathekeptthefour-year-oldsonrunninginthesnowwithoutclothes.A.leasedB.sorryC.carefulD.strict检测题7:---I’llgototheUSAnextmonth.---_____D_____for?A.WhyB.HowC.WhichD.What初中英语语法考点(词法和句法)一、专题精讲语法考点一:词法考点知识点1:名词批注:名词是英语中一大实词,是中考中的重要考点。前几年的中考中,名词的考察偏重单复数、名词所有格等考点,但是近几年的趋势是重点考察名词词义的辨析。名词名词的格名词分类’s格of格普通名词专有名词可数名词不可数名词例1:(13.南京)MrWhite,theprincipal,hasmadeagreat_____A____tothegrowthoftheschool.A.contributionB.progressC.inventionD.protection例2:(12.南京)JustinBieber′sfirstsingle,OneTime,isaboutoneofhisfavourite______(topic),puppytime.解析:该题考查名词的单复数问题,选项中出现了oneof....的固定句型,答案是topics。例3:(12.苏州)IamsureCindywillbeabletofindthehotel-shehasaprettygood__D___ofdirection.A.ideaB.feelingC.experienceD.sense知识点2:代词批注:近五年中考对代词的考查主要集中在不定代词上,主要考察它们的含义和相互间的功能差别,所以需要掌握这一点,排除语境干扰。例1:(12.南京)Peterissoimaginativethatmoststudentsrecommend_______(他)asthechairpersonoftheScienceClub.代词人称代词:主格和宾格物主代词:形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词反身代词指示代词疑问代词不定代词普通不定代词复合不定代词例2:(12.扬州)-AlatestYangzhouDaily,please!-Onlyonecopyleft.Wouldyouliketohave____B____,sir?A.oneB.itC.thisD.that例3:(13.南京)---Hi,guys.Howwasyourpartyyesterday?---Wonderful!Wehadabigmealandenjoyed____D______.A.themselvesB.myselfC.yourselvesD.ourselves例4:(13.无锡)—Howlongdoesittaketogettotheairport?—Fortyminutes.Butit’sfoggytoday.I’mnotsureAthehighwaywillclosessoon.Let’ssetoffearlier.A.whetherB.whenC.howD.why知识点3:冠词例1:(12.南京)—Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup?—Iwanttobe____A_____socialworker.Manypeopleareingreatneedofourhelp.A.aB.anC.theD.不填例2:(11.南京)一Whatdoyouusuallyhavefor_____D_____breakfast,Peter?一Afriedegg,threepiecesofbreadandaglassofmilk.A.aB.anC.theD.不填例3:(13.苏州)一Hurryup,orwe’llbelate.一Takeyourtime—it’sjust______shortdistancefromhereto____C____cinema.A./;theB.the;aC.a;theD./;a冠词定冠词the不定冠词a,an零冠词(不用冠词)与this,that,these,those同源,表示特定的人或物,用作特指,意即“这个/那个/这些/那些。”用于单数名词前,与one同源,表示微弱的“一”的概念,用于泛指事物。知识点4:数词批注:在近几年的中考题中,数词基本要占到一分的分值,经常出现在单词的适当形式填空题型中。例1:(13.南京)TheEiffelTower,aculturaliconofFrance,wascompletedattheendofthe(nineteen)century.(12.南京)Igotanewbicyclefrommyfatheronmy(sixteen)birthday.Ilikeitverymuch.解析:上面两题考查的都是序数词的基本用法,答案分别是nineteenth,sixteenth.例2:(13.常州)---Excuseme,howfaristhemuseum?----Only____(三)stopsaway.(13.扬州)Jim’sparentswillcelebratetheir▲yearsofmarriagethisSunday.(四十)解析:上面两题考查的都是基数词的基本用法,答案分别是three,forty.知识点5:介词例1:(13.无锡)IceisnotoftenseenhereinwinterasthetemperaturenormallystaysCzero.A.upB.downC.aboveD.below例2:(11.南京)TheweddingofPrinceWilliamwasheldinWestminsterCathedral___C___April29,2011.A.atB.inC.onD.by例3:(13苏州)Sandyisarealbookloverandsheoftenbringshomemanybooksto数词基数词序数词变化规则以及各自的用法介词时间介词方位介词介词与动词、名词、形容词的搭配地点介词read____D____thelibrary.A.inB.forC.byD.From知识点6: