中国文化概况-chapter13

Chapter13WorldHeritageSitesAGlimpseofChineseCulture本章教学目的对中国世界文化和自然遗产的了解。本章教学重难点世界文化和自然遗产——著名山脉的介绍世界自然遗产——著名风景点的介绍世界文化遗产——石窟和古村落的介绍本章教学的时间安排教师课堂讲解(60minutes)IntroductiontotheWorldHeritageList(5minutes)WorldCulturalandNaturalHeritages—mountains(15minutes)WorldNaturalHeritage—ScenicSpots(15minutes)WorldCulturalHeritages(15minutes)ThepreservationofWorldHeritage讨论(10minutes)学生课件展示(30minutes)WorldCulturalandNaturalHeritagesinChinaChinahasavastterritories,abundantnaturalresources,withmanywonderfullandscapesandtreasuredhistoricsites.AnumberoftheseformpartoftheWorldHeritageList,asourceofgreatnationalpridetotheChinesepeople.ChinastartedtosubmittotheWorldHeritageListin1987.UptoJune2007,amongtheover800WorldHeritageSiteslistedbyUNESCO,Chinahas35listed,rankingthethird,trailingSpainandItaly.WorldCulturalandNaturalHeritage—MountainsMountTaishanwaslistedin1987byUNESCOasaDualCulturalandNaturalHeritage.China’sspectacularmountainlandscapesattractmanytouristshomeandabroad.Amongthem,MountTaishan,MountHuangshan,MountLushanandMountWuyiaremostworthvisiting.MountTaishanTherearefivesacredmountainsinChina:MountTaishan(泰山),MountHuashan(华山),MountHengshan(恒山),MountHengshan(衡山)，andMountSongshan(嵩山).InMountTaishan,natureandculturepenetrateintoeachother.ItisthesymbolofspiritualcultureofChina.theSunriseintheEastMountTaishan’sfourspectacularviewstheSunsetintheWesttheYonderYellowRiverResemblingaGoldenBelttheSeaofCloudslikeJadePlatesMountHuangshanMountHuangshanwaslistedin1990byUNESCOasaDualCulturalandNaturalHeritage.Thethreemainpeaks,theLotusPeak,theTianduPeakandtheGuangmingpeak,areabout1,800metresabovesealevel.ThreeMainPeakstheLotusPeaktheTianduPeaktheGuangmingpeakMountLushanMountLushanwasaddedtothelistofWorldCulturalHeritagein1996byUNESCOWHC.Themountainisawell-knownscenicarea,summerresortandplaceforconvalescent(恢复期的)patients.ThreeWaterFallsHanpoPassSuDongpo,abrilliantpoetoftheSongDynasty,queriedinoneofhispoems:“HowcouldonetellwhatMountLushanreallylookslikewhenoneisinthemidstofthemountainallalong?”MountEmeiMountEmeiandtheLeshanGiantBuddhaScenicAreawerelistedin1996byUNESCOWHCasaDualCulturalandNaturalHeritage.Themountainstretchesmorethan200kmfromsouthtonorth.Itsmainpeak,WanfoTop(万佛顶:thesummitofTenThousandBuddhas),isabout3,099metresabovesealevel.AtthesummitoftheMountEmeiisthemonasteryknownastheGoldenSummit.MountEmeiisawell-knownnaturalmuseumwithmorethan3,000speciesofplantsand2,000typesofanimalsincludinggroupsofmonkeysthatappearonthemountainroads.TheGiantBuddhaofLeshan30kmwestofMountEmeiisthelargestBuddhaintheworld.MountWuyiMountWuyiwaslistedin1999byUNESCOWHCasaDualCulturalandNaturalHeritage.LocatedsouthofWuyishanCity,FujianProvince,MountWuyihaswhatisprobablythelargest,mosttypicalandbest-preservedsubtropicalvirginforestsintheworld.Itisatypicalrosycloudlandform(丹霞地貌).Thisscenicareaincludesonestream,sevenshoals(滩),nineponds,11ravines(涧),13springs,36peaks,61rocks,72caves,99cliffs,and108scenicspots.WorldNaturalHeritage—ScenicSpotsSincetheninetiesofthelastcentury,therehavebeenfournaturalsiteslistedasworldnaturalheritage:WulingyuanScenicandHistoricInterestArea,JiuzhaigouValleyScenicandHistoricInterestArea,HuangLongscenicandHistoricInterestAreaandSichuanGiantPandaSanctuaries.Wulingyuan(武陵源)TheWulingyuanNaturalResortofZhangjiajiecityinthenorthwestofHunanProvincewaslistedasaworldnaturalHeritagein1992byUNESCO.Theareaconsistsofthreeparts:ZhangjiajieNationalForestPark,SuoxiyuNaturalResourceReserveandTianzishanNaturalResourceReserve.JiuzhaigouValleyScenicandHistoricInterestAreaTheJiuzhaigouValleyScenicandHistoricInterestAreawasputontheWorldNaturalHeritageslistin1992byUNESCO.TheJiuzhaigouValleyisanarrowstripoflowland,400kmlong,intheMinshan(岷山)MountainRangeinNanpingCountyinnortheastSichuanProvince.ItgotitsnamebecausetherearenineTibetanvillagesinthevalley.ItssixmainscenicsitesareLongSea,SwordRock,Cataract(诺日朗瀑布),ShuZhengLakes,ZhaRuLakesandBlackSea.Itswonderfulscenesofgreenlakes,overlappingfalls,colorfulforests,snowypeaksanditsTibetanlifeareofworldwiderenown.HuanglongScenicandHistoricInterestAreaTheHuanglongScenicandHistoricInterestAreainSongpancountyofSichuanProvincewasputontheWorldNaturalHeritagelistin1992byUNESCO.Huanglongisfamedforitscolorfulpools,snow-cappedmountains,deepforests,waterfallsanddiversifiedcultures.Huanglongwinsitsfameforitsmagiclandscapeoflimeformations,madeupof3,400multi-colouredponds,interlacedalongthevalley.SichuanGiantPandaSanctuariesTheSichuanGiantPandaSanctuarieswaslistedtobetheworldnaturalheritagein2006byUNESCO.ThepandahabitatinSichuancovers9,245sqkmincludingLying-Dragon,MountainFourSisters,goldmountainrangesaswellas12citiesandcounties.Thirtypercentofthewildpandasintheworldarelivingthere,whichmakesitthelargestandmostintactwildpandahabitatintheworld.WorldCulturalHeritagesFamousGrottosFamousAncientCitiesYinXu(Anyang)FamousGrottosWiththewidespreadofBuddhisminChinainthesecondcentury,grottoartswereintroducedtoChinafromIndia,anddevelopedrapidlybetweenthesecondandfourthcenturies.Grottoswerecar