金融控股集团监管原则--BIS委员会-XXXX

BaselCommitteeonBankingSupervisionJointForumPrinciplesforthesupervisionoffinancialconglomeratesSeptember2012ThispublicationisavailableontheBISwebsite(www.bis.org).©BankforInternationalSettlements2012.Allrightsreserved.Briefexcerptsmaybereproducedortranslatedprovidedthesourceiscited.ISBN92-9131-156-1(print)ISBN92-9197-156-1(online)THEJOINTFORUMBASELCOMMITTEEONBANKINGSUPERVISIONINTERNATIONALORGANIZATIONOFSECURITIESCOMMISSIONSINTERNATIONALASSOCIATIONOFINSURANCESUPERVISORSC/OBANKFORINTERNATIONALSETTLEMENTSCH-4002BASEL,SWITZERLANDPrinciplesforthesupervisionoffinancialconglomeratesSeptember2012TheJointForumwasestablishedin1996undertheaegisoftheBaselCommitteeonBankingSupervision(BCBS),theInternationalOrganizationofSecuritiesCommissions(IOSCO)andtheInternationalAssociationofInsuranceSupervisors(IAIS)todealwithissuescommontothebanking,securitiesandinsurancesectors,includingtheregulationoffinancialconglomerates.TheJointForumcomprisesanequalnumberofseniorbank,insuranceandsecuritiessupervisorsrepresentingeachsupervisoryconstituency.PrinciplesfortheSupervisionofFinancialConglomeratesContents1.Background...................................................................................................................12.Objective.......................................................................................................................23.Scopeofapplication......................................................................................................54.Glossary........................................................................................................................75.Principles......................................................................................................................8I.Supervisorypowersandauthority................................................................................9II.Supervisoryresponsibility...........................................................................................12III.CorporateGovernance................................................................................................17IV.Capitaladequacyandliquidity.....................................................................................25V.RiskManagement.......................................................................................................31Annex1-Detailedmappingbetweenthe1999Principlesandthe2012PrinciplesfortheSupervisionofFinancialConglomerates..............................................................40Annex2-JointForumWorkingGrouponRevisingthePrinciplesfortheSupervisionofFinancialConglomerates......................................................................................62PrinciplesfortheSupervisionofFinancialConglomerates1PrinciplesfortheSupervisionofFinancialConglomerates1.BackgroundThefinancialcrisisthatbeganin2007highlightedthesignificantrolethatfinancialgroups,includingfinancialconglomerates,playinthestabilityofglobalandlocaleconomies.Duetotheireconomicreachandtheirmixofregulatedandunregulatedentities(suchasspecialpurposeentitiesandunregulatedholdingcompanies)acrosssectoralboundaries,financialconglomeratespresentchallengesforsectorspecificsupervisoryoversight.Inhindsight,thecrisisexposedsituationsinwhichregulatoryrequirementsandoversightdidnotfullycapturealltheactivitiesoffinancialconglomeratesorfullyconsidertheimpactandcostthattheseactivitiesmayposetothefinancialsystem.TheJointForumpublishedvariousreportsinFebruaryandDecember1999thattogetherprovidedaninitialframeworkforthesupervisionoffinancialconglomerates(the“1999Principles”).1The1999Principlesdealtwith:•techniquesforassessingthecapitaladequacyofconglomerates,includingdetectingexcessivegearing;•facilitatingthesharingofinformationamongsupervisors;•coordinationamongsupervisors;•testingthefitnessandproprietyofmanagers,directors,andmajorshareholdersoftheconglomerate;and•theprudentmanagementandcontrolofriskconcentrationsandintra-grouptransactionsandexposures.TheJointForumrecommendedthatthe1999Principlesbeupdatedandexpandedina2009internalreviewandpaperontheimplementationofthe1999Principles(the“InternalReview”).Also,theJointForumReviewoftheDifferentiatedNatureandScopeofFinancialRegulation,January2010(the“DNSRReport”)2recommendedtoreviewandupdatethe1999Principles.TheDNSRReportwasendorsedbytheFinancialStabilityBoardandincludedobservationsandlessonslearnedfromthecrisisasrelatedtotheactivitiesandsupervisionoffinancialconglomerates.TheInternalReviewsuggestedthatthePrinciplesdealingwithcapitaladequacy,riskconcentrations,andintra-groupexposuresneededupdatingtoreflectindustrydevelopmentsandtoprovidegreaterfocusonspecialpurposeentities3andtheholdingcompaniesoffinancialconglomerates.Italsosuggestedthatthe“FitandProperPrinciples”requiredupdatingandexpansiontoencompassthebroaderareasofcorporategovernance.TheDNSRReportalsonotedanumberofissues4which,ifaddressed,couldimprovesupervision.Thereportrecommendedthatallfinancialgroups,particularlythoseactive1The1999papersweregroupedintoa“Compendiumofdocumentsproduc