中国文化概况(修订版)Chapter-6

1AGLIMPSEOFCHINESECULTURE中国文化概况2Chapter6Sports3学习目标了解中国传统健身活动;掌握奥运会的概况;熟悉中国优秀体育项目。4Lead-inActivitySportsinChinaDiscussion&PresentationOverview5Lead-inActivityWatchthevideoclipandreporttotheclasswhatNingsaidafterhetookhistorictriumph.Watch&Think6Lead-inActivitySportsinChinaDiscussion&PresentationOverview7TraditionalPhysicalCultureTraditionalPhysicalActivitiesOlympics&ChinaOutstandingSportsandathletesSportsinChinaNationalPhysicalFitness•animportantpartofpopularculture•begantotakerealshapeinChinaduringtheQin,HanandThreeKingdomsperiods.•SportingimageshavebeenrecordedovertheDynastiesinsepulchralmuralpaintings(壁画),stonepaintings,brickpaintings,poems,etc.TraditionalPhysicalCultureSportsinAncientTimesequestrianpolo击鞠•popularinthepalace,thearmyandamongthemenoflitters(文人墨客)duringtheTangdynasty.TraditionalPhysicalCulture•sopopularintheSongDynastythateveryonefromtheemperortoordinarypeopleparticipatedinit.cuju蹴鞠Chuiwan捶丸•IntheYuanDynasty,peoplelikeplayingagamecalledChuiwan,whichissimilartogolfasshowninthemuralHittingBalls.TraditionalPhysicalCultureBesidesballgames,wrestling,dancing,chessplaying,horseracingandotherformsofsportswerepartoftheancientpeople’sdailypastimes.EthnicMinoritySports•Becauseoftheiruniquelifestyles,ethnicminoritiesplaysportswiththeirowncharacteristics.•Therearearound1,000kindsofethnicsports,includingsomewell-knownonessuchasMongolianwrestling,horsemanship(马术)andarchery;Tibetanyak(牦牛)racing;Zhuangthrowingofcoloredsilkballs(抛绣球);Koreanswingingandsee-sawingjumping(跳板),etc.•Dragonboatracing,kiteflying,yangge(秧歌),weiqi,qigongandtaichichuanarealsotraditionalsportspopularamongbothHanpeopleandpeopleofethnicminorities.TraditionalPhysicalCultureTraditionalPhysicalCulture13TraditionalPhysicalCultureTraditionalPhysicalActivitiesOlympics&ChinaOutstandingSportsandathletesSportsinChinaNationalPhysicalFitnessMartialArts•ThemostrepresentativeandtypicaltraditionalphysicalactivitiesinChina•Themeaningoftheterm“武术”usingmethodsandskillstostopmartialactionsandactivitiesorthemartialactivitiesbetweentwopeopleortwogroupswiththeweapons.•Providepractitionerswitheleganceandstrength•Attractspeopleforvariousreasons•HavebeencreatedanddevelopedbytheChinesepeopleandareapreciousnationalculturallegacyTraditionalPhysicalActivities15TraditionalPhysicalActivitiesBoxingWeaponexercisesSparringexercisesActualcombatTeamworkCategoriesofChineseMartialArtsTraditionalPhysicalActivitiesBoxingWeaponexercisesActualcombatTeamworkSparringexercises17TraditionalPhysicalActivitiesnorthernvs.southernstylesTheYellowRiveristheroughdemarcationline.thesouthernstyle:uttershoutsandcriesforceful.Thenorthernstyle:short,swiftandvigorousroutinesinternalvs.externalstylesDependsonwhichpartsaretrainedanygoodmartialartsstylerequiresabalancedcombinationoftheinseparableinternalandexternalprinciplesStylesofChineseMartialArtstherepresentativeboxingstyleoflongboxingCharacterizedbysturdiness,fastattacks,andcoordinatedforwardandbackwardmovesItsserialmovesaremostlyshortandstraight.TraditionalPhysicalActivitiesDistinguishedFormsofChineseMartialArtsShaolinBoxingTraditionalPhysicalActivitiesApopularschoolofmartialartsMarkedwithslowandgentlemovementsDesignedfordefense,strengtheningofphysiqueandpreventionofdiseasesThemindguidethebodythroughgraceful,gentleandfirmmovements.OriginatedinHenanprovinceandhaddevelopedmanydifferentschoolsTaiChiChuanTraditionalPhysicalActivitiesPracticedbytheChineseonaregularbasistokeepfit.“Qi”literallymeans“air”andimplies“lifeforce”Thepurposeofqigongistocoordinatethehealthofthemindandbody.Twocategories：thequiescenttypethemobiletypeQigongSuperstarsofModernMartialArts•contributetotheChineseandevenAsianculture•haveopenedthedoorforpeopleofallracesandcultures,andare•followedbycountlesspeopleinpursuingtheirkungfudreams•Representatives:BruceLee,JackieChanandJetLiareTraditionalPhysicalActivities22TraditionalPhysicalCultureTraditionalPhysicalActivitiesOlympics&ChinaOutstandingSportsandathletesSportsinChinaNationalPhysicalFitness•Chinesepeoplenowadaysarepayingmoreandmoreattentiontofitness,andtheirlifestylehaschangedalot.•gymnasiumsandstadiums,aswellasbody-buildingequipment•peoplebegintoengageintheirownwaystokeepfit.NationalphysicalfitnessKiteFlying•atraditionalChinesepastimewithmillionsofparticipantsacrossthenation•TheWeifang(inShandongprovince)InternationalKiteFestivalattractstensofthousandsofparticipantsfromallovertheworld.NationalphysicalfitnessHorseracing•essentialtothelifestyleofmanyethnicgroups.•Thereareregionalvariationsandthetypesofcompetitionarediverse.Yangge•atraditionaldanceaccompaniedbyrhythmicfolkmusicorsinging,withthedancersdressedincostumesandholdingfansorhandkerchiefs.•verypopularinmanyareasofnorthernChinaandamongthemiddle-agedandelderly.NationalphysicalfitnessTug-of-War(拔河)•atraditionalgameinwhichmanyethnicgroupsparticipatewithvigor.•providesmuchentertaininghighlightandcausesconsiderablegood-naturedamusement.RopeSkipping(跳绳)•afunsportforbothchildrenandadults.•Withsimplyarope,peoplehaveinventedmanywaystoplayandcompete.Nati