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stressn．压力；重音vt.加压力于；使紧张stresssth.强调某事物stresstheimportanceof...强调...的重要性underthestressof在……压力下①Yourheadachesarebecauseofstress.②Ican'tstressenoughtheneedforcooperation.stressful压力重的，紧张的stressed焦虑不安的完成句子：(1)自从母亲病倒后，简一直忧心忡忡。Jane'sbeensincehermother'sillness.(2)他强调了接受良好教育的重要性。Hetheimportanceofagoodeducation.underalotofstressstressed①Thegovernmentbannedthebadinformationfromemailingontheinternet.②Thenewrulehasputdrunkdrivingunderaban.banvt.禁止，取缔n.禁令，谴责bansbfromdoingsth禁止某人做某事abanonsth对...的禁令put/place...underaban禁止liftthebanon/againststh解除对...的禁令due到期的，预定的，欠款的dueto因为；由…引起；由于；eg.Rentbillisduetoday.Herabsencewasduetothestorm.知识拓展:表示因果关系的单词和短语becauseof介词短语“因为”较口语化owingto介词短语“因为”较正式thanksto介词短语“因为”“多亏了”asaresultof介词短语“因为”asaresult副词短语“因此”(1)单项填空：①(2011年开封检测)145peopleweremissing________thecrashoftheFrenchAirbus.A.inspiteofB.alongwithC.duetoD.ratherthan解析：考查介词短语。inspiteof尽管；alongwith和……一起；dueto由于；因为；ratherthan而不是。答案：C②Itisreportedthatthepresidenthasputoffthetrip________thestormonthesea.A.becauseB.thankstoC.duetoD.asaresult解析：考查介词短语。thanksto多亏，幸亏；asaresult表示结果，不表示动作；because为连词连接句子。答案：C(2)完成句子：①这个队的胜利在很大程度上是她努力的结果。Theteam'ssuccesswaslargely.②由于风暴他迟到了。Hearrivedlate.③多数问题都是人为错误造成的。Mostoftheproblemswere.duetohereffortsduetothestormduetohumanerrorstopdoingsthstoptodosth①Hegothispresentjobwhenhequittedtheschool.②Quittalkingrubbish.(1)翻译句子：①发现不良习惯时我们必须及时改正。.②我根本就没法戒掉看电视。.(2)单项填空：Doctorsaredoingresearchtofindoutwhathappensphysicallywhenpeople________smoking.A.quitB.declineC.departD.reserve解析：decline下倾，下降，下垂；depart离开，起程；reserve储备，保存，预约答案：AWemustquitbadhabitsassoonaswefindthemIcannotquitwatchingTV①Hiscriticismshadtheeffectofdiscouraginghimcompletely.他批评的结果是使他完全丧失了信心。②Icancertainlyfeeltheeffectsoftoomanylatenights.我当然能感觉到熬夜太多产生的影响。③Itriedtopersuadehim，buttonoeffect.我试图说服他，但却无济于事。(1)单项填空：(2011年济南检测)Howcloseparentsaretotheirchildren________agreateffectonthecharacterofthechildren.A.haveB.tohaveC.havingD.has解析：考查主谓一致。答案：D(2)完成句子：①把这些变化落到实处不是件容易的事。Itwon'tbeeasytothechanges.②新的税率从四月起生效。ThenewtaxratesfromApril.putintoeffectcomeintoeffectdesperateadj.绝望的，拼命的bedesperateforsth极需要某物;渴望得到某物bedesperatetodosth渴望做某事indesperateneed急切需要desperateattempt/measures/effort孤注一掷...desperatelyadv.绝望地;自暴自弃地;不顾一切地desperationｎ．绝望;拼命;不顾一切indesperation走投无路Hemadeadesperateattempttohijackaplane.disappointedadj.disappointingadj.bedisappointedat/in/with对...感到失望bedisappointedtodosthbedisappointedthat...toone'sdisappointmentIwasmuchdisappointedathisabsence.Iamgreatlydisappointedinhim.IwasdisappointedthatIdidn'tgetthefirstprizeinEnglishcontest.①Shewasashamedtoasksuchasimplequestion.②IfeelashamedthatIhaven'twrittenforsolong.③Shewasashamedofhavingfailedintheexamination.shameonyou.真丢脸Iwasashamed________liedtomymother.A.tobeB.ofhavingC.thatD.ofbeing解析：本题考查ashamed的用法。答案：B①Ifyoudon'tobeyme,youshouldbeatyourrisk.你如果不服从我的话，你应该自担风险。②Theyknewtheyriskedbeingarrested.他们知道自己冒着被捕的风险。Herisked________hisjobtoseemeoff.A.losingB.toriskC.beinglostD.lost解析：考查risk的基本用法。riskdoing冒险做某事。答案：A①Hewasaddictedtogambling.他赌博成瘾。②Hewasaddictedtococaine.他吸可卡因上瘾。Althoughsheisonly17yearsold,she________drugsfortwoyears.A.addictsB.hasaddictedtoC.hasaddictedD.hasbeenaddictedto解析：句意为：尽管她只有17岁，却有两年的毒瘾了。beaddictedto对……上瘾；其中addicted是形容词，前面应有系动词be。答案：D①I'maccustomedtogettingupearlyforexercise.我习惯了这么早起床进行晨练。②Hehasalreadybeenaccustomedtothetropicalclimateintheareasincehehasstayedthereforalmosttenyears.他在这个地区生活了将近十年，所以已经习惯了热带气候。Accustomedto________inthecountryside,hefoundithardtoliveinthecity.A.livingB.liveC.havinglivedD.havelived解析：考查accustomedto介词后跟成分的用法。按照be/becomeaccustomedto(doing)sth.形式来做。答案：A①IfeellikegoingtoBeijing.我想去北京。②Ijustdon'tfeellikemyselftoday.我今天觉得很不舒服—I'llbeawayonabusinesstrip.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat?—Notatall.________.A．I'venotimeB．I'drathernotC．I'dlikeitD．I'dliketo解析：考查wouldliketodosth.句型的省略句。由Notatall回答mind，一点也不介意，暗示愿意lookingafterthecat，所以为我愿意去做。I'dliketo为避免重复省略to(lookafteryourcat.)答案：D.inspiteof虽然；尽管……仍，不管，不顾①Inspiteofthebadweather,wewentfishing.我们不顾恶劣的天气仍去钓鱼。②Kellylovedherhusbandinspiteofthefactthathedranktoomuch.虽然她丈夫酗酒，凯莉仍然爱着他。[归纳总结]regardlessof=despite＝inspiteof不管；不顾；其后可跟名词、动名词及其他短语即使＝though＝although＝as/though...也有“虽然，尽管”之意，但它们是连词，后面应接句子。(1)完成句子：①尽管付出了巨大的努力，我们还是没能实施我们的计划。greateffortswefailedtocarryourplansout.＝greateffortswefailedtocarryourplansout.＝wemadegreateffortswefailedtocarryourplansout.②(尽管他干了坏事)，Istillbelieveinhisessentialgoodness.③Hedidverywellatschool(尽管他不时地干些兼职).④(尽管天气恶劣)，hestillinsistedongoingthereonfoot.InspiteofDespiteAlthough/ThoughInspiteofthebadthingshehasdoneinspiteofhavingtodoparttimejobseverynowandthenInspiteofthebadweather1．—IhearthatTom________playinggamesrecently.—________nowonderheiseasytofeelsleepyintheclass.A．isaddictedto；ThereisB．addicts；ThereisC．addicts；ItisD．isaddictedto；Itis解析：此题考查时态。beaddictedtosth./doingsth.沉溺于某事；Itisnowonderthat...……不足为奇，二者均为固定的表达形式。句意为：——我听说近来汤姆迷上了打游戏。——他在课堂上老打盹就不奇怪了。答案：D2.Hewasgivenaspecialmedal，forhereachedhisgoalinsports________hisdisabilitybothinlegsandineyes.A．incaseofB．intermsofC．apartfromD．inspiteof解析：A项incaseof以防……；B项inte