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高级英语（1）修辞格汇总2010-12-301一、词语修辞格（1）simile明喻①...amemorythatseemedphonographic②“Mama,”Wangerosaidsweetasabird.“canIhavetheseoldquilts?”③MostAmericanrememberM.T.asthefatherof...④Hairisalloverhisheadafootlongandhangingfromhischinlikeakinkymuletail.⑤Impressedwithhertheyworshipedthewell-turnedphrase,thecuteshape,thescaldinghumorthateruptedlikebubblesinlye.⑥Myskinislikeanuncookedbarleypancake.⑦Shegaspedlikeabeehadstungher.（2）metaphor暗喻①Itisavast,sombrecavernofaroom,…②Littledonkeyswithharmoniouslytinklingbellsthreadtheirwayamongthethrongsofpeopleenteringandleavingthebazaar.③Thedye-market,thepotterymarketandthecarpenters’marketlieelsewhereinthemazeofvaultedstreetswhichhoneycombthebazaar.A④thelastthisintermezzocametoanend…⑤…showingjustenoughofherthinbodyenvelopedinpinkskirtandredblouse…⑥AfterItrippedoverittwoorthreetimeshetoldme…⑦MarkTwain---MirrorofAmerica⑧sawclearlyaheadablackwallofnight...⑨mainarteryoftransportationintheyoungnation'sheart⑩Allwouldresurfaceinhisbooks...thathesoakedup...⑪Whenrailroadsbegandryingupthedemand...⑫...theepidemicofgoldandsilverfever...⑬Twainbegandigginghiswaytoregionalfame...⑭MarkTwainhonedandexperimentedwithhisnewwritingmuscles...高级英语（1）修辞格汇总2010-12-302⑮TheDuchessofCroydonkeptfirm,tightreinonherracingmind.⑯Hervoicewasawhiplash.⑰andlaunchthiscataractofhorrorsuponmankind…⑱Butallthisfadesawaybeforethespectaclewhichisnowunfolding.⑲IseetheGermanbombersandfightersinthesky,stillsmartingfrommanyaBritishwhipping,delightedtofindwhattheybelieveisaneasierandasaferprey.⑳IseetheRussiansoldiersstandingonthethrestholdoftheirnativeland,guardingthefieldswhichtheirfathershavetilledfromtimeimmemorial.21TheNaziregimeisdevoidofallthemeandprincipleexceptappetiteandracialdomination.22Isupposetheywillberoundedupinhordes.23Weshallfighthimbyland,weshallfighthimbysea,weshallfighthimintheair,until,withGod’shelp,wehaveridtheearthofhisshadowandliberateditspeoplesfromhisyoke.（3）metonymy借代，转喻①Inshort,allofthesepublicationsarewritteninthelanguagethattheThirdInternationaldescribes②TheWashingtonPost,inaneditorialcaptionedKeepYourOldWebster's③...hispenwouldprovemightierthanhispickaxe（4）synecdoche提喻①Thecasehaderuptedroundmyhead②ThecasehaderuptedroundmyheadOrwhatofthosesheetsandjetsofairthatarenowbeingused,inplaceofold-fashionedoakandhinges...③Butneitherhisvanitynorhispurseisanyconcernofthedictionary's（5）personification拟人高级英语（1）修辞格汇总2010-12-303①…untilyouroundacornerandseeafairylandofdancingflashes…②Everyhereandthere,adoorwaygivesaglimpseofasunlitcourtyard,perhapsbeforeamosqueoracaravanserai,wherecamelsliedisdainfullychewingtheirhay…③...toliterature'senduringgratitude...④Thegraveworldsmilesasusual...⑤Bitternessfedontheman...⑥Americalaughedwithhim.⑦Personaltragedyhauntedhisentirelife.（6）transferredepithet移就①Darrowhadwhisperedthrowingareassuringarmroundmyshoulder②Theobesebodyshookinanappreciativechuckle.③TwohighpointsofcolorappearedinthepalenessoftheDuchessofCroydon’scheeks.④Ihavebeenexhilaratedbytwodaysofstorms,butaboveallIlovetheselongpurposelessdaysinwhichIshedallthatIhaveeverbeen.(V.Sackville-West,NoSignpostsintheSea)（7）hyperbole夸张①Theroadwayisabouttwelvefeetwide,butitisnarrowedeveryfewyardsbylittlestallswheregoodsofeveryconceivablekindaresold.②Ifeelmywholefacewarmingfromtheheatwavesitthrowsout.③IfHitlerinvadedHellandwouldmakeatleastafavorablereferencetotheDevilintheHouseofCommons.④IseethetenthousandvillagesofRussiawherethemeansofexistenceiswrungsohardlyfromthesoil,butwheretherearestillprimordialhumanjoys,wheremaidenslaughandchildrenplay.⑤...cruisethrougheternalboyhoodand...endlesssummeroffreedom...高级英语（1）修辞格汇总2010-12-304⑥Thecastofcharacters...-acosmos.⑦Americalaughedwithhim.⑧Thetrialthatrockedtheworld⑨HisreputationasanauthorityonScriptureisrecognizedthroughouttheworld.（8）oxymoron矛盾修饰法DudleyFieldMalenecalledmyconvictiona,victoriousdefeat.（9）euphemism委婉语①…amotleybandofConfederateguerrillaswhodiligentlyavoidedcontactwiththeenemy.②...men'sfinalreleasefromearthlystruggle（10）irony--theuseofwordstoexpresssomethingdifferentfromandoftenoppositetotheirliteralmeaning.反语用词语表达与它们的字面意思相异或相反的用法①Hiroshima—the“liveliest”cityinJapan②“Maggie’sbrainislikeanelephant’s”.Wangerosaid,laughing.③…untilwearemarchingbackwardstothegloriousageofthesixteenthcentury（11）sarcasm--acutting,oftenironicremarkintendedtowound.讽刺，挖苦意在伤害他人的尖刻的，常带讽刺意味的话语①Myfriendtheattorney-generalsaysthatJohnScopesknowswhatheisherefor,Darrowdrawled.Iknowwhatheisherefor,too.Heisherebecauseignoranceandbigotry(顽固)are,anditisamightystrongcombination.②Thereissomedoubtaboutthat.③aconceptofhowthingsgetwrittenthatthrowsverylittlelightonLincolnbutagreatdealonLife④thePost’seditorialfailstoexplainwhatiswrongwiththedefinition,wecanonlyinferfromsosimpleathingthatthewritertakestheplain,downright,man-in-the-streetattitudethata高级英语（1）修辞格汇总2010-12-305doorisadoorandanydamnfoolknowsthat（12）ridicule（嘲笑）Wordsoractionsintendedtoevokecontemptuouslaughteratorfeelingstowardapersonorthing愚弄有意激起对某人或某事的蔑视的笑或看不起的感情而说的话或做的事①Bryan,ageingandpaunchy,wasassisted②Resolutelyhestrodetothestand,carryingapalmfanlikeaswor