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人教课标高一必修1Unit2EnglisharoundtheworldTeachingaims:⒈TotalkaboutvarietiesofEnglish⒉ToreadaboutthehistoryofEnglishlanguage⒈Withyourpartner,listthecountriesthatuseEnglishasanofficiallanguage?GreatBritain,theUSA,Australia,Canada,NewZealand,Ireland,Singapore,India,SouthAfricaandsoon.⒉WhichcountrydoyouthinkhasthemostEnglishlearners?ForthosethatspeakEnglishastheirfirstlanguagetheUSAorIndiamusthavethelargestnumberofnativespeakersastheyhavethelargestpopulations.ForthosewholearnEnglishastheirfirstforeignlanguageChinamusthavethelargestnumberasithasthelargestpopulation.⒊Lookatthetitleofthefollowingpassageandguesswhatitisabout.Thenreaditquicklyandseeifyouareright.TheroadtomodernEnglishTheroadModernEnglishthedevelopmentofEnglishlanguageWhatkindofEnglishbeforeModernEnglish??Guessaccordingtothetitle.THEROADTOMODERNENGLISHAttheendofthe16thcentury,aboutfivetosevenmillionpeoplespokeEnglish.NearlyallofthemlivedinEngland.Laterinthenextcentury,peoplefromEnglandmadevoyagestoconquerotherpartsoftheworldandbecauseofthat,Englishbegantobespokeninmanyothercountries.Today,morepeoplespeakEnglishastheirfirst,secondoraforeignlanguagethaneverbefore.NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon’tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.Lookatthisexample:BritishBetty:Wouldyouliketoseemyflat?AmericanAmy:Yes,I’dliketocomeuptoyourapartment.SowhyhasEnglishchangedovertime?Actuallyalllanguageschangeanddevelopwhenculturesmeetandcommunicatewitheachother.AtfirsttheEnglishspokeninEnglandbetweenaboutAD450and1150wasverydifferentfromtheEnglishspokentoday.ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.ThengraduallybetweenaboutAD800and1150,EnglishbecamelesslikeGermanbecausethosewhoruledEnglandspokenfirstDanishandlaterFrench.ThesenewsettlersenrichedtheEnglishlanguageandespeciallyitsvocabulary.Sobythe1600’sShakespearewasabletomakeuseofawidervocabularythaneverbefore.In1620someBritishsettlersmovedtoAmerica.Laterinthe18thcenturysomeBritishpeopleweretakentoAustraliatoo.Englishbegantobespokeninbothcountries.Finallybythe19thcenturythelanguagewassettled.AtthattimetwobigchangesinEnglishspellinghappened:firstSamuelJohnsonwrotehisdictionaryandlaterNoahWebsterwroteTheAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage.ThelattergaveaseparateidentitytoAmericanEnglishspelling.EnglishnowisalsospokenasaforeignorsecondlanguageinSouthAsia.Forexample,IndiahasaverylargenumberoffluentEnglishspeakersbecauseBritainruledIndiafrom1765to1947.DuringthattimeEnglishbecamethelanguageforgovernmentandeducation.EnglishisalsospokeninSingaporeandMalaysiaandcountriesinAfricasuchasSouthAfrica.TodaythenumberofpeoplelearningEnglishinChinaisincreasingrapidly.Infact,ChinamayhavethelargestnumberofEnglishlearners.WillChineseEnglishdevelopitsownidentity?Onlytimewilltell.通向现代英语之路在16世纪末，大约有五至七百万人讲英语。几乎所有这些讲英语的人都住在英格兰。在其后的一个世纪中，英格兰人为征服世界航海到了世界其他一些地方，结果世界的其他地方的人们也开始说英语了。今天，把英语作为自己的第一语言、第二语言或外语来使用的人比以往任何时候都多。以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲不是同一种英语，他们也能彼此听懂。请看看这个例子：英国人贝蒂：来看看我的公寓吗？美国人艾米：好的，我来看看你的公寓吧。那么，随着时间的推移英语为什么发生了变化呢？实际上，当不同文化相互交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所发展和变化。开始，英格兰人在大约公元450年到1150年之间所说的英语与我们今天所说的英语很不一样。当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础的，不像我们现在说的英语。后来，大约在公元800年至1150年之间，英语慢慢变得不那么像德语，因为统治英格兰的那些人开始是说丹麦语，后来说法语。这些新来的定居者丰富了英语语言，尤其是丰富了英语词汇。所以到17世纪初的时候，莎士比亚能够得以使用比以往任何时候都丰富的词汇。1620年一些英国定居者来到了美洲，后来到了18世纪的时候，一些英国人还被带到了澳大利亚。英语也就开始在这两个国家使用。最后到19世纪的时候，英语这种语言就变得稳定了。当时，英语的拼写发生了两个很大的变化：先是塞缪尔·约翰逊编写了他的英语词典，后是诺亚·韦伯斯特出版了《美国英语词典》。后者使得美式英语的拼写有了其独特的个性。现在英语在南亚地区也被作为外语或第二语言使用。比如，印度就有很多人说英语说得很流利，因为在1765年到1947年之间英国统治着印度。在此期间，英语成了印度政府和教育所用的语言。在新加坡和马来西亚以及像非洲的南非，人们现在也说英语。当今，在中国学英语的人数正在快速增加，事实上，中国可能是学英语人数最多的国家。中国式英语是否也能发展成一种具有自己独特个性的语言？这还有待时间去证明。Scanning扫读Ⅰ.Readthewholetextquicklyandanswerthefollowingquestion.Thetitleis“TheroadtomodernEnglish”.Whatdoestheword“road”mean?ItreferstothedevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguage.16thcentury,theamountofEnglishspeakersinEngland;conquer,spokeninothercountriesAmericanandBritishEnglishLanguagechange:moreGerman__lesslikeGerman__Shakespeare__America__Australia19ththelanguagewassettled:twomainkindsofEnglishSpokeninothercountries:SouthAsia,India,…NotesaboutthereadingⅡ.Findouttopicsentences(主题句)ofeachparagraph.Today,morepeoplespeakEnglishastheirfirst,secondorforeignlanguagethaneverbefore.NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon’tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.Alllanguageschangewhenculturescommunicatewithoneanother.EnglishisspokenasaforeignorsecondlanguageinsouthAsia,AfricaandAsia.Part1.Part2.Part3.Part4.Skimming略读Ⅲ.Skimthepassagefasttosummarizethemainpointforeachparagraph.Part1:Part2:Part3:Part4:ThespreadoftheEnglishlanguageintheworldNativespeakerscanunderstandeachotherbuttheymaynotbeabletounderstandeverything.Alllanguageschangewhenculturescommunicatewithoneanother.EnglishisspokenasaforeignlanguageorsecondlanguageinAfricaandAsia.Ⅳ.Readthepassagecarefullyanddecidewhetherthestatementsaretrueorfalseandexplainwhy.⒈Englishhadthemostspeakersinthe17thcentury.⒉EnglishdevelopedwhennewsettlersandrulerscametoBritain.⒊Languagesfrequentlychange.⒋Thelanguageofthegovernmentisalwaysthelanguageofthecountry.⒌EnglishisoneoftheofficiallanguagesusedinIndia.⒍Thisreadingdescribesthe