湿热环境对官兵身体的影响研究

!:∀#(06JS01):20131230:(1958),,,:!*包瀛春1,吴晓农2*(1.第二军医大学军事体育教研室,上海200433;2.解放军理工大学指挥军官基础教育学院,江苏南京210000)!:在模拟常温高温和湿热三种环境下对战士学员进行负重耐力体能测试和晕动病诱发试验,发现湿热环境对人体耐力素质影响最大,晕动病发生率最高程度最严重为确保部队战斗力,开展了系列热习服和晕动病习服训法研究,提出以热习服训练和晕动病习服训练为主要干预手段抗晕药物心理疏导和穴位刺激为辅助训练手段的预防措施,以及通过兵源对环境适应能力的筛选,解决特殊环境对官兵军事行动的影响问题:湿热海区;体能;晕动病;影响;措施:G8042!!!:A!!!:16711300(2014)010112041!!!,,,,,,,23,39~463∃2628~2924∃,100%~1018%7912%~8232%?,,(),,,,,393∃,,,,,,,,,(20∃50%)(38∃50%)(38∃80%),459(,Graybiel):,;;,,(1,2),,,,,112331Vol.33!No.1!20141JournalofMilitaryPhysicalEducationandSportsJan.2014!1!GraybielP4594544292.07%3.126.06%5.4511.87%3.422=651.840.0001:2!GraybielGraybielN!!!I!!!!IIb!!!IIa!!!III!!!IVP2391410801315753450609281463105411054594544292=644.730.00012!!!,,,,,,(heatacclimatization)[1],,:,,6-;,;,;[2]100-102,,(heatshockprotein,HSP)HSP,HSP[3];;[2]95-99,[2]602-6102010∀#[4]2003,,,,80kg,,,[5],,,30~36∃,:15~2h,2~3;390~392∃,(8~10cm);,140~150/min,,,(MotionSickness),,[6],,113!33:1!:,,;,,,10,(),,,,,50%[7],,,,&∋&∋,:,(3)3!!90%90%,,!!,,:BA,,,44!!30~36∃,80%60min10B+29~36∃,80%30min(215A+28~36∃,80%20min(320+27~36∃,80%15min(425+26~36∃,80%10min(530:,3!!!,,,,,,,;,,114!331!2~3,&∋,,,,,,;;,,,,,,:[1]Moseley,P.L..Mechanismsofheatadaptation:thermotoleranceandacclimatization.JLabClinMed,1994,123(1):48-52.[2][M]:,2000.[3]Young,J.C..MechanismsoftheHsp70chaperonesystem.BiochemCellBiol,2010,88(2):291-300.[4][M],:,2013,6:350.[5][M]:,2003:9.[6],,,,2002,10(4):276-279.[7]HalpertJ.Motionsickness.RevIntServSant.1977,50(6):493.[8],,,[J],2012,30(2):128-130.ResearchontheHotandHumidEnvironmentovertheSeaanditsInfluenceontheOfficersandSoldiersofMilitaryActionandItsCountermeasuresBAOYingchun1,WUXiaonong2(1.TeachingandResearchOfficeofMilitarySport,theSecondMilitaryMedicalUniversity,Shanghai200433;2.InstituteofCommandOfficerBasicEducationofPLAUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Nanjing210000,China)Abstract:Underthesimulationconditionsofheatandhumidityatroomtemperature,weightendurancefitnesstestandmotionsicknessevokedtestswereconductedtosoldierstudents.Ithasbeenfoundthathotandhumidenvironmentimpactthestudentsthemost,especiallyintermsofhumanenduranceandhighrateofmotionsicknessincidence.Thus,hotareatroopswithoutspecificmeasurestodealwithdampheatacclimatization,seaaccompanyingtaskexecutionwillleadtoalargenumberofofficersandsoldiersinnon-combatattrition.Inordertoensurethecombateffectivenessofthearmedforces,aseriesofheatacclimatizationandmotionsicknessacclimatizationtrainingresearchhasbeenlaunched.Theheatacclimatizationtrainingandseasicknesshabituationtrainingasthemainmeansofinterventionhasbeenputforwardaccordingly.Preventativemeasuresincludesanti-motionsicknessdrug,psychologicalcounselingandacupointstimulationasauxiliarymeansoftrainingmeasures.Theabilitytoadapttotheenvironmentwillbeconductedwhilescreeningsoldierresourcessoastosolvetheproblemofspecialenvironmentalimpactontheofficersandsoldiersofmilitaryactionfromtheverybeginning.Keywords:hotandhumidarea;physicalfitness;motionsickness;impact;measures115!33:1!