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Unit4Globalwarming全球变暖一、词汇1.comeabout发生；造成注意：（1）comeabout是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态，常指情况不受人控制的突然发生。有时用it作形式主语，that从句作真正主语。（2）表示“发生”的词或短语有：happen,occur,takeplace,breakout,都是不及物动词或短语，都没有被动语态。comeout（花）开；出版；发行；显露comeup走近；长出；发芽；被提出；发生comeupwith赶上；提出comeacross被理解；偶然碰见；无意中找到comealong出现；进展；跟着来comeon得啦；快点cometo总计；达到；恢复知觉whenitcomesto涉及；谈到①Manyaquarrelcomesaboutthroughamisunderstanding.②Themooncameoutfrombehindtheclouds.③I’llletyouknowifanythingcomesup.④I’llcomeoverandseehowyouarecomingalong.⑤Icameacrossanoldfriendyesterday.⑥Whenshecameto,shecouldn’trecognizethesurroundings.2.subscribeto同意；赞成；订购(1)subscribevi.同意；捐赠；订阅vt.（签署）文件；捐助subscribe…to…在……上签署；向……捐……(2)subscriptionn.订阅费；捐赠款①Isubscribetoyoursuggestion.②Whichmagazinedoyousubscribeto?③Hesubscribedhisnametothepaper（文件）.④Hesubscribedalargesumtothepoorstudents.3.quantityn.量；数量inquantity在数量上；大量地inlargequantities大量地（常修饰动词）a(large)quantityof+①不可数名词（谓语用单数）②可数名词（谓语用复数）largequantitiesof+不可数名词/可数名词复数（谓语都用复数）①It’scheapertobuygoodsinquantity/inlargequantities.②AlargequantityofsilkissoldinJapan.③Alargequantityofdrugsarefoundinhishome.④Largequantitiesofrainareneededinthisarea.4.tendvi.趋向；易于；照顾vt.照顾；护理(1)tendtodosth.常常会做某事；趋向于做某事tendto/towardssth.趋于；倾向于tend(to)sb./sth.(=lookaftersb./sth.)照顾；护理……(2)tendencyn.倾向；偏好haveatendencytodosth.往往会做某事①Hetendstogetangrywhenothersdisagreewithher.②Hisviewstendtowardstheextreme（极端）.③Hewastending(to)hissonwhenIsawhiminthehospital.④Janeisnicebuthasatendencytotalktoomuch.=Janeisnicebutshetendstotalktoomuch.5.goup上升；增长；升起；被建造goupby上升了……goupto上升到……godown下降；降低；（船）下沉goinfor从事；致力；爱好；追求gowithout没有……也行；将就goover复习；查看gothrough通过；经历苦难；浏览①Thepriceofthenewhouseinourareahasgoneupby1,000yuanpersquaremeter（平方米）。Thatis（也就是说）ithasgoneupto5,000yuanpersquaremeter.②Thewindhasgonedownalittle.④Thecountryhasgonethroughtoomanywars.⑤Weallgoinforwintersports.⑥Newbuildingsaregoingupeverywhere.⑦Wehavenobeerleft,soyouhavetogowithoutit.⑧Theactorhadtogooverhislines（台词）manytimesbeforehegotthemright.6.resultin导致同义词汇：cause,leadto,contributeto,bringabout,giveriseto(1)resultfrom由……引起(2)asaresultof作为……的结果；由于asaresult结果①Hisillnessresultedfrombadfood.②Hewaslateasaresultofthesnow.③Asaresult,hehadtoleave.④Thedriver’scarelessdrivingresultedinthedeathoffivepassengers（乘客）.7.beopposedto反对……(to为介词)同义词汇：beagainst,objectto;反义词汇：support,subscribeto,befor,approveofopposevt.反对；反抗；与……较量oppose(doing)sth.反对（做）某事beopposedto(doing)sth.反对①MostofthestudentsopposehavingclassesonSunday.②Mostpeopleareopposedtosmokinginthepublicplaces.③Iamstronglyopposedtotheideaofmovingabroad.8.consequencen.结果；后果；影响inconsequenceof/asaconsequenceof(=asaresultof)作为……的结果inconsequence/asaconsequence(asaresult)结果是；因而taketheconsequences为（自己行为的、行动的）结果负责consequentadj.随之发生的；由……引起的consequentlyadv.所以；因而①Iraq（伊拉克）isstillinastateofunrest(动乱)inconsequence/asaconsequenceoftheGulfwar（海湾战争）.②Ioverslept（睡过头）,andinconsequence/asaconsequenceIwaslateforwork.③Consequently,thereisastrongpossibilitythatlifecanarise（出现）onotherplanets（星球）.9.statevt.陈述；说明；阐明；声明n.状态；状况vt.陈述；说明；阐明；声明(1)state+n./that从句/wh-从句声明……；说明……Itisstatedthat…据宣布/据称/据说(2)statementn.陈述；说明makeastatement作陈述；发表声明jointstatement联合声明n.状态；状况；国家；州ina(n)…state/instateof处于……的状态①Hestatedthathehadneverseentheman.②Itisstatedthatmorethan30peoplewerekilledintheaccident.③Agovernmentspokesperson（发言人）madeastatementtothepress（新闻界）.④Sheisinastateofpoorhealth,whichworriedherparentsmuch.⑤Shewasinaterriblestatewhenwearrived.10.rangen.种类；范围v.排列‘变化(1)awiderangeof一系列/各种……in/withinrange(ofsth.)在……射程以内；在……范围内outof/beyondrange(ofsth.)在……射程以外；在……范围以外outof/beyondone’srange某人能力达不到rangesof一排排……；多种……rangefrom…to…/rangebetween…and…在……范围内变动；从……到……不等①Studentshaveawiderangeofinterests.②Theanimalisstilloutof/beyond(in/within)rangeofmygun.③Thepriceofthehouseiswithinourrange.④Thelibraryhasrangesofbooks.⑤Thechildren’sagesrangefrom8to15(rangebetween8and15).11.keepon(doing)sth.继续keepsb.doingsth.使某人处在某状态中keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事keepback（使）后退；忍住；隐瞒keepoff（使）让开；（使）不接近keepout挡住；使不进去keepto遵守；坚持keepup维持；保持keepupwith跟上；赶上①Whentheteachercamein,theystillkeptontalking.②Nothingcankeephimfromcarryingout（实施）theplan.③Thebosskepthimworkingallday.④Shetriedtokeepbackhertears.⑤Keepyourhandsoffmydress.⑥Closethedoortokeepthedogout.⑦Wesangsongstokeepupourspiritswhenweweremarching（行进）.⑧Wemustkeepupwiththedevelopmentofthesociety.12.glancevi.看一下；扫视n.一瞥(1)glanceat向……一瞥（强调动作）glancethrough/over浏览glanceround扫视(2)atfirstglance/sight乍看一下ata(single)glance（只）看一眼；一眼；立刻take/giveaglance(at)看一下①Heglancedattheenvelope（信封）andrecognizehisuncle’shandwriting.②Heglancedthrough/overthenewspaper.③Sheglancedroundtheroombeforesheleft.④Atfirstglancetheproblemseemedveryeasy.⑤Canwejusttakeaglanceatsomeofyourproducts（产品）?扩展：表示“看”的短语stareat瞪着眼注视glareat怒目而视gazeat（长时间无意识）凝视glimpseat（无意识）瞥见13.onthewhole大体上；基本上ingeneral总的来说；大体上asawhole整个来看；总体上；作为一个整体①Ouropinionsareonthewholethesame.②Ianalyzedhiswordsasawhole.③Ingeneral,ourcarsarereliable.14.averageadj.平均的n.平均（数）；普通水平anaverageof………的平均数above/upto/below(the)average高于/达到/低于平均数on(the)average按平均数计算；一般地讲①Anaverageoftwostudentsisabsenteachday.