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吕晓军大学英语四级长篇阅读部分吕晓军一、试卷描述四级的试卷结构、测试内容、测试题型、分值比例和考试时间如下表所示：基本考试流程•9：00---9：10播放考场指令•9：10---9:40作文（30分钟）•9：40---10：10听力（30分钟）•10:10---听力结束后完成剩余考项。（70分钟）长篇阅读Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.分析：1.字数未变，题型由选择和填空改为匹配类型。2.10个题目与X个段落。段落数与题目数不一定相等，所以可能几个题目来自于同一段落，也可能有的段落用不着。3.10个题目往往不是原文，而是对段落大意的概括或者是对某一句话的paraphrase。4.题目顺序与文章段落顺序并不绝对一致。以往题型重在细节定位，偏向微观；如今题型重在把握大意，偏向宏观。5.选择题改为匹配题，减少了单个题目的迷惑性，增加了对文章整体理解的要求。6.难点不在选项，而在文章本身。长篇阅读•考察能力：要求考生运用略读和查读(寻读)的技能从篇章中获取信息。略读考核学生通过快速阅读获取文章主旨大意或中心思想的能力。查读(寻读)考核学生利用各种提示，如数字、大字单词、段首或句首词等，快速查找特定信息的能力。•区别：略读往往不能定位到句子,解决宏观问题；寻读往往要定位到句子，解决微观问题；略读难度要稍高于寻读。•平均词汇：1000•平均阅读速度:100词/分•10秒/句（实验）•测验&体验•问题：1.读懂选项2.在有限时间内读懂全文大意，明白其逻辑结构，更重要的，理解每一段的段落大意。做题步骤---两套方案•1.通读全文，把握文章的主旨大意和整体脉络结构。尤其是每段的第一、第二句和结尾句。•2.准确理解题目的内容，标出关键词。关键词多为：名词（短语），数字，专有名词。•3.定位并阅读原文。•1.方法---略读法•2.信息---了解文章结构•3.困难---克服阅读障碍如何快速高效阅读全文？略读法略读有下列四个特点：1.以极快的速度阅读文章，寻找字面上或事实上的主要信息和少量的阐述信息。（重复字）2.可以跳过某个部分或某些部分不读。（哪些部分,英语文章的着眼点在什么地方）3.理解水平可以稍低一些，但也不能太低。（50%-60%）4.根据文章的难易程度和需要达到目的，不断灵活地调整阅读速度。（匹配题型，找对位置即理解大意即可。）略读可以运用下列技巧：1.以一般阅读速度，阅读文章开头的一、二段，力求抓住文章大意、背景情况、作者的文章风格、口吻或语气等。2.阅读段落的主题句和结论句。抓住主题句就掌握了段落大意，然后略去细节不读，以提高略读速度。3.要利用文体细节，如：文章的标题、副标题、小标题、斜体词、黑体词、脚注、标点符号等，对文章进行预测略读。预测略读要了解作者的思路和文章模式，以便把握大意、有关的细节及其相互关系。（庖丁解牛）4.运用意群视读，不要在只言片语上纠缠，也不追求对所有细节都理解，只要能以最快的速度掌握文章大意即可。5.注意转折词和序列词。常见的转折词有however,moreover,inaddition等；序列词有firstly,secondly,atlast等。1.以一般阅读速度，阅读文章开头的一、二段，力求抓住文章大意、背景情况、作者的文章风格、口吻或语气等。---预测阅读UniversitiesBranchOutAsneverbeforeintheirlonghistory,universitieshavebecomeinstrumentsofnationalcompetitionaswellasinstrumentsofpeace.Theyaretheplaceofthescientificdiscoveriesthatmoveeconomiesforward,andtheprimarymeansofeducatingthetalentrequiredtoobtainandmaintaincompetitiveadvantage.Butatthesametime,theopeningofnationalborderstotheflowofgoods,services,informationandespeciallypeoplehasmadeuniversitiesapowerfulforceforglobalintegration,mutualunderstandingandgeopoliticalstability.2.阅读段落的主题句和结论句。抓住主题句就掌握了段落大意，然后略去细节不读，以提高略读速度。Inresponsetothesameforcesthathavedriventheworldeconomy,universitieshavebecomemoreself-consciouslyglobal:seekingstudentsfromaroundtheworldwhorepresenttheentirerangeofculturesandvalues,sendingtheirownstudentsabroadtopreparethemforglobalcareers,offeringcoursesofstudythataddressthechallengesofaninterconnectedworldandcollaborative(合作的)researchprogramstoadvancescienceforthebenefitofallhumanity.Herbalmedicineiscommontoallracesandpeoples---Asian,Chinese,Egyptian,Greek,Roman,Indianandothers.AChineseherbalwrittenin2500B.C.listed365herbs.PapyrifromEgyptdatedto1550B.C.revealedaknowledgeof700plantmedicines,manyofwhichareknownandusedtoday:elder,juniper,gentian,fennel,linseed,myrrhandpeppermint.DuringtheGreekandRomancivilizations,Hippocrates,Galen,Dioscorides,Theophrastusandmanyotherphysiciansextendedherbalknowledgeprovidingdetailedmedicinaldescriptions.FollowingtheadventofprintingcamemanygreatEuropeanherbals,oneofthemostfamousbeingGerard’sherbalprintedin1636whichgavethemedicinalusesofabout3800plants.主题句•Radio•Advertisingonradiocontinuestogrow.Radioisoftenusedinconjunctionwithoutdoorbill-boards(广告牌)andtheInternettoreachevenmorecustomersthantelevision.Advertisersarelikelytouseradiobecauseitisalessexpensivemediumthantelevision,whichmeansadvertiserscanaffordtorepeattheiradsoften.Internetcompaniesarealsoturningtoradioadvertising.Radioprovidesawayforadvertiserstocommunicatewithaudiencemembersatalltimesoftheday.Consumerslistentoradioontheirwaytoschoolorwork,atwork,onthewayhome,andintheeveninghours.•Twomajorchanges—satelliteandInternetradio—willforceradioadvertiserstoadapttheirmethods.Bothoftheseradioformsallowlistenerstotuneinstationsthataremoredistantthanthelocalstationstheycouldreceiveinthepast.Asaresult,radiowillincreasinglyattracttargetaudienceswholivemanymilesapart.•4.Advertisingonradiocontinuestogrowbecause_______.A)morelocalradiostationshavebeensetup•B)moderntechnologymakesitmoreentertaining•C)itprovideseasyaccesstoconsumers•D)ithasbeenrevolutionizedbyInternetradioBythetimethefirstEuropeantravelersontheAmericancontinentbegantorecordsomeoftheirobservationsaboutIndians,theCherokeepeoplehaddevelopedanadvancedculturethatprobablywasexceededonlybythecivilizedtribesoftheSouthwest：MayanandAztecgroups．ThesocialstructuresoftheCherokeepeopleconsistedofaformofclan(氏族)kinship(亲属关系)inwhichthereweresevenrecognizedclans．Allmembersofaclanwereconsideredbloodbrothersandsistersandwereboundbyhonortodefendanymemberofthatclanfromwrong．Eachclan,theBird,Paint，Deer,Wolf，Blue，LongHair,andWildPotatowasrepresentedinthecivilcouncilbyacounselororcounselors．Thechiefofthetribewasselectedfromoneoftheseclansanddidnotinherithisofficefromhiskinsmen．Actually,thereweretwochiefs,aPeacechiefandaWarchief．ThePeacechiefservedwhenthetribewasatpeace,buttheminutewarwasdeclared，theWarchiefwasincommand．Selectth