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21,;,,,,,,,1980,1985,,,1996,,:;;,1997,,,,,,,21,,,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,!21,,,,,(2003),,,:(1),,(2)(AutoCAD2000),,(3),,(4)11,,(5),,,:(1),(2),(36),(4),(5),(71111.1),(8),(9),(101111.2),,(),,,2004510.110.210.31121.121.291.3121.4141.5172362.1362.2372.3422.4502.5572.6613683.1683.2704714.1714.2774.3844.4894.5905915.19115.2935.3965.41015.510761176.11176.21196.31226.412371297.11297.21327.31417.41437.51467.614781518.11518.21588.31638.41678.51718.617391759.11759.21769.31799.41829.51879.61979.72029.82041020710.1207210.220710.321010.421210.521310.621510.722010.82261123311.123311.224025127130.1,,,,,,,;,,;0.2(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)0.3,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,111.1,,1.1.1(GB/T146891993),1.11.1(:mm)A0‡A1oA2WA3?A4'BL8411189(594841í420594Õ297420½210297¥a25Kc10c5�e20ï1031.1,21.1A4A3,1.1ac1.1e1.1.21.1GB/T10609.11989,1.21.21.1.3(GB/T146901993),1115002011.2A,1.2B1.2AB1:1þ5121510n1210n1110n1v412Ö.51410n12.510n112151101210n1510n1110n11|.512.513141611.510n12.510n1310n1410n1610n:n,11311,,,1.3,,1.31.1.4(GB/T146911993):(h):1.8mm2.5mm3.5mm5mm7mm10mm14mm20mm,,2,,,h3.5mm,h/2ABAbh/14,Bbh/10,751.4::4::1.41.1.5(GB/T174501998),,,1.3(d):0.13mm0.18mm0.25mm0.35mm0.5mm0.7mm1mm1.4mm2mm:(1):=421,,21,0.51mm,(2),(3)(),25mm,,(4),(5),1.51.3d,d/4d/4d/4d/4d/4dd/451.51.61.1.6(GB/T16675.21996GB/T4458.41984)(1):,6(mm),,,,,,,(2),1.6:,,,2mm:,,,::1.7(a)1.7:,1.7(b),:1.7(c)::,,,1.81.81.471.41M.,,,R,2M.,,(a),,(b)3M.,RS((a)(b)),,S((c))1M.,2M.,1M.2M.,3M.,,8()1M.((a)(b)),((c))2M.,((b)(c)),,,,1.2,1.2.1,(1)1.91.101.91.109(2)1.111.121.111.12,(3)1.131.141.131.14(a),;(b),(4)1.151.161.15(a);(b),,1.16,011.2.2(1):,,,,,,,,,(2),:,,,,,,,304560,,,1.171.17:,,,,,,1.181.18,,,1.191.19111.3,1.3.1AB,1.20AAC;AC1234;4B,1234BAB123,1.201.3.21.211.22,1.23n1.21ONM,M,MA,H,AH,1.22NM,ONABCD,ANBCMDA1.23nnAN(n=7),A,AN,M,M2M4M6,BCD,,n1.3.3()(),1n,h/10,h,1.241.25211.241.251.3.4,,,1.26,(),,1.26(1):1.27,R,OR,KO1.271.28311.28,R(R1),O,R2=R1+R;KO1O,R2=|R1-R|,KOO1(2)(1.5)1.51.41.4.11.29,(1),(41)1.2915520R12R15(2)1.29875,,,XY,1.2915mmXY1.291.4.2,,1.29:(1):,,R15R1015205(2):,,R50(3):,R121.4.31.29,:;,,,:(1)AB,A75B,1.30(a)(2)R15R1052015,1.30(b)(3)B15,50,R50O1O2,OO1OO2,T1T2R50,1.30(c)(4)R12O3O4,O5O3,O5O4,O2O3,O1O4,T3T4T5T6,R12,1.30(d)51(5),,(1.29)1.301.4.4,,:(1),(2)(XY)(3)(XY)(4)(),:,,1.6611.61.51.5.1AutoCADAutoCADAUTODESK1982,,,AutoCAD2004AutoCAD71,,:(1)AutoCAD,(2)AutoCAD,;,,,AutoCAD(3)AutoCAD(4)::,:,:Windows,:,(5),,AutoCAD:AutoCADAutoLispADSARX,AutoCAD(6)AutoCAD,,DOSWINDOWS95/NTUNIX,140,ADI,AutoCAD,,,,AutoCAD20001.5.2AutoCAD20001.5.2.1AutoCADAutoCAD2000,AutoCAD2000AutoCAD2000AutoCAD20001.31,:811.31(1)AutoCAD2000,:,,1.31,,1.321.32,AutoCAD,,(2),,,3(3)AutoCAD200024,91:(View)(Toolbars)...,,,Standard():,Redraw()Undo()Zoom(),Copy()Paste()Open()Save()Plot(),1.331.33ObjectProperties():,,,1.341.34Draw():,1.351.35Modify():,1.36,,1.36(4),(),1.371.37(5),1.38,AutoCAD,AutoCAD,F2,02Windows1.381.5.2.2(1):Command:,,AutoCAD,:Command:Circle(,)3P/2P/TTRCenterPoint:5,7Diameter/Radius:DDiamerer:10Command::X=5,Y=7,10,:/(),(2):(X,Y,[Z]),,(5,10);(@X,Y,[Z]),,(@5,10);(@),,(@590),,,(3),,,Esc,Esc,Esc,Command:AutoCAD,U(Undo),(4)AutoCAD,12,,AutoCAD,()(5)AutoCAD:Enter,Command:,1.5.2.3AutoCAD(WCS),,(UCS),AutoCADWCSAutoCAD,WCSWCSXY(3D,Z),XY,,X,Y,(0,0),AutoCADWCS,UCSICON,W,+,,(UCS)AutoCAD,UCS1.5.3(1)AutoCAD2000,,AutoCAD2000,:Command:New::(Ctrl+N),AutoCAD,(2),AutoCAD,:Command:Open::(Ctrl+O)22,AutoCAD(SelectFile),,,(3)AutoCAD2000,:Command:SaveQsave::(Ctrl+S),SaveDrawingAs(),1.5.4()(1)AutoCAD,,mmmkm,,,,,(2)AutoCAD2000,AutoCAD,,,LIMITS,,,,,(3),,,,(Layer),,,,,,,,,(Color):,(SelectColor)(Linetype)32,,(Lineweight)(Lineweight),(4)::,0,0297,210LIMITS,ON,:,,,:ABC:CGA.dwg1.5.5(1)(LINE)::Command:LineLINESpecifyfirstpoint:(,)Specifynextpointor[Undo]:Specifynextpointor[Undo]:,AutoCADSpecifynextpointor[Undo]:,,Specifynextpointor[Undo:]U,(2)(Pline):,,:Command:PlinePLPLINESpecifystartpoint:Specifynextpointor[Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]:42:SpecifynextpointArcCloseHalfwidthLengthUndoWidth,(3)(CIRCLE):Command:circleCIRCLESpecifycenterpointcircleor[3P/2P/Ttr/(tantanradius)]::Centerpointforcircle3P2PTtr,(4)(ARC)::Command:arcARCSpecifystartpointofarcor[Center]:,,Arc11,113pointsStart,Center,End,,Start,Center,Angle,,Start,Center,Length,,Start,End,Angle,,Start,End,Radius,,Start,End,Dir,,Center,Start,End,,Center,Start,Angle,,Center,Start,Length,,Continue(5)(ELLIPSE):52Command:EllipseELLIPSEArc/Center/Axisendpoint1::Axisendpoint1,ArcCenter,(6)(RECTANG):Command:RectangRECTANGChamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width/Firstcorner::Firstcorner,ChamferElevationFilletThickness:,ZWidth::,AutoCAD,(7)(POLYGON)::Command:PolygonPOLYGONNumberofsides4Edge/Centerofpolygon:(8)(SKETCH)::Command:SketchSKETCHRecordincrement0.1000:Sketch.PeneXitQuitRecordEraseConnect,:(Sketch),62,(9)(SPLINE):Command:SplineSPLINESpecifyfirstpointor[Object]::Specifyfirstpoint,,[Object]:,1.5.6,,AutoCAD2000,1.31,:(1)(SNAP),,XY(),,XY,(2)(GRID),,,XY;(3)(ORTHO),45(4)(POLAR),,,,,,X090180270(90),(),,,,,,(5)(OSNAP),,,,,(6)(OTRACK),,,,(7)(LWT)72,(8)(MODEL),,1.5.7,,1.5.7.1,:Selectobjects:,,AutoCAD,(1)