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被动语态一、语态语态是动词的一种形式，表示句子主语与谓语的关系。当谓语动词表示一个动作时，它和主语有两种关系：主动语态和被动语态。当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。e.g.1.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.（主动语态,句子的主语manypeople是动作speak的执行者）2.Englishisspokenbymanypeople.（被动语态,句子的主语English是动作speak的承受者）被动语态由“be+done”构成。与主动语态一样，被动语态也有时态、人称和数的变化。二、被动语态的构成S(主语)+am/is/are+done三、一般现在时的被动语态的构成Hisbrotherwashesbowlseveryday.主谓宾(承受者)Bowlsarewashedbyhisbrothereveryday.四、主动语态变被动语态eg.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主语+谓+宾语Shoesaremadebytheminthatfactory.一般现在时：S(主语）+am/is/are+过去分词1.Weusecomputerstosearchinformation.__________________________________________________2.Theteacheroftenrepeatsthestory._________________________________Computersareusedtosearchinformationbyus.Thestoryisoftenrepeatedbytheteacher.3.Billlooksafterhiscatscarefully.___________________________________4.Wedon’toftenspeakEnglishathome.___________________________________ThecatsarelookedaftercarefullybyBill.Englishisn’toftenspokenbyusathome.TheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.WemakethesemachinesinBeijing.FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.ThesemachinesaremadeinBeijing.Exercise1.-Whydoestheearthlookblueinspace？-Becausemostoftheearth'ssurface______bywater．A．coversB．iscoveredC．coverD．arecovered2.--AsChinagrowsstrongerandstronger，Chinese_____inmoreandmoreschoolsoutofourcountry．A．teachesB．taughtC．istaughtD．wastaught3.Don’tsmokehere,Dad.Smoking_____inpublicplaces.A.isn’tallowedB.aren’tallowedC.doesn’tallow4.Everyday,toomuchwaterinourschool.Weshouldsaveit.A.iswastedB.wastesC.waswastedD.wasted5.—HaveyouheardofthesongLittleApple?—-Yes.It______everymorningwhenagedpeopledosquaredancingdownstairs.A.isplayedB.playsC.wasplayedD.played一般现在时的被动语态的句式变化肯定句主语+bedone+其他否定句主语+benotdone+其他一般疑问句Be+主语+done+其他?肯定回答：Yes,主语+be否定回答：No,主语+benot被动语态的肯定句：否定句：Englishisn’tspokenbyus.主动语态的肯定句：WespeakEnglish.一般疑问句：IsEnglishspokenbyus?肯定回答：Yes,itis.否定回答：No,itisn’t.Englishisspokenbyus.1.Jimusesthiscomputereveryday.2.Lucy’smotheroftenwaterstheseflowers.ThiscomputerisusedbyJimeveryday.TheseflowersareoftenwateredbyLucy’smother.变为否定和一般疑问句Thiscomputerisn’tusedbyJimeveryday.IsthiscomputerusedbyJimeveryday?变为否定和一般疑问句Theseflowersaren’toftenwateredbyLucy’smother.AretheseflowersoftenwateredbyLucy’smother.Helookedafterthelittlebabyyesterday.主谓宾(承受者)Thelittlebabywaslookedafterbyhimyesterday.六、一般过去时的被动语态构成：S+was/were+过去分词2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm．Tencomputerswereboughtbythemlastterm.Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedthisroomforresting.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem.Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.主谓宾TheroomwillbecleanedbyTomtomorrow.七、一般将来时的被动语态构成：S+will+be+过去分词eg.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.Theworkwillbefinishedbythemintendays.Wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.Theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon.Asportsmeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek.Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschooltomorrow.Atalkwillbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.八、现在进行时的被动语态构成：S+am/is/are+being+过去分词Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow．Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow.eg.Lucyiswateringthetrees.ThetreesisbeingwateredbyLucy.九、现在完成时的被动语态构成：S+have/has+been+过去分词Wehavemadetwentymorekeys．Twentymorekeyshavebeenmadebyus.eg.Wehavefinishedourcompositions.Ourcompositionshavebeenfinishedbyus.AmycantakegoodcareofGina．GinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy.构成：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词十、情态动词的被动语态1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.Exercises1.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.2.Peopleusedknivesforcuttingthings.3.Wecanusetheboxasatable.4.Weshouldcleantheclassroomeveryday.5.Shewillrepairthebiketomorrow.Englishisspokenbymanypeople.Knifveswereusedbypeopleforcuttingthings.Theboxcanbeusedbyusasatable.Theclassroomshouldbecleaneddbyuseveryday.Thebikewillberepairedbyhertomorrow.各种时态的被动语态构成一般现在时：一般过去时：一般将来时：现在进行时：过去进行时：现在完成时：情态动词：S+am/is/are+doneS+can/may/must/should+be+doneS+will+be+doneS+am/is/are+being+doneS+have/has+been+doneS+was/were+done各种时态的被动语态构成S+was/were+being+done被动语态的几种类型1.使役动词的被动语态makesbdoletsb.dohavesb.dobemadetodobelettodobehadtodoEg.Imadehimstayoutside.Hewasmadetostayoutsidebyme.seesb.dohearsb.dowatchsb.dobeseentodobeheardtodobewatchedtodoeg.Isawhergoout.Shewasseentogooutbyme.注意:seesb.doinghearsb.doingwatchsb.doingbeseendoingbehearddoingbewatcheddoingEg.IhearherreadingEnglish.SheisheardreadingEnglish.2.感官动词的被动语态即feel,hear,listen,look,watch,see,notice，have,make,let这些词在主动句中，其后的动词不定式不加to，但变被动句时必须加to.(1).IsawhimplaybasketballlastSunday.HewasseentoplaybasketballlastSundaybyme.(2).Weheardthemsingintheclassroom.Theywereheardtosingintheclassroombyus.Trythefollowing:1.Theymad