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牛津沪教版八年级上宾语从句讲解与专项练习（无答案）1/15八年级上宾语从句专项练习一、考点分析宾语从句是中考的一个必考点，也是初中语法知识的一个重难点，中考通常会以选择题（0-1分）的形式常考查宾语从句的时态和语序，在句型转换中以简单句和复合句之间的转换以及直接引语和间接引语的转换（2分）的方式综合考查宾语从句。二、专题详解宾语从句的概念：句子的宾语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式充当，当一个句子充当宾语时,我们把这个句子叫做宾语从句。其句子结构为：主句+连词（引导词）+宾语从句一）.宾语从句的引导词根据引导宾语从句的不同引导词，宾语从句可分为三类。1.由that引导的宾语从句。当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。LinTaofeels(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.Shesays(that)shewon’ttakepartinthesportsmeetingnextSunday.Jimthought(that)thetrainwaslikeabigmovingparty.Hesaid(that)hewouldliketoseetheheadmaster.注意：在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句。I’msorry(that)Idon’tknow.We’resure(that)ourteamwillwin.I’mafraid(that)hewon’tpasstheexam.牛津沪教版八年级上宾语从句讲解与专项练习（无答案）2/152.由疑问词引导的宾语从句。当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what,who,whom,which,whose）或连接副词（when,where,how,why）引导，因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，有一定的意义，所以不可以省略。Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfoe?Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.注意：带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句。Idon’tknowhowfaritistothecinema.Pleasetellushowmanystudentsthereareinyourschool?CouldyoutellushowmuchitcoststoflytoHainan?3.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if），因为if/whether翻译成：“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略Lilywantedtoknowif/whetherhergrandmalikedthehandbag.Let’sseeif/whetherwecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity.Sheaskedmeif/whethershecouldborrowthesebooks.一般情况下，if和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：①在不定式前：Whethertogothereornothasn’tbeendecided.②在介词前：Itdependson(依靠)whetheritisgoingtorain.③与ornot连用：Theyaretalkingaboutwhethertogothereornot.☆跟踪练习()1.Canyoutellme___youwereborn,Betty?牛津沪教版八年级上宾语从句讲解与专项练习（无答案）3/15A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that()2.Idon'tknow___theyhavepassedtheexam.A.whatB.ifC.whenD.where()3.Ihardlyunderstand.___hehastoldme.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who()4.Shedidn'tknow___backsoon.A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbe()5.Idon'tknow_____hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.when二）.宾语从句的语序：宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。特别强调：它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序，而不是疑问句的倒装结构。Canyoutellmewho(m)dowehavetosee?(╳)Canyoutellmewho(m)wehavetosee?(√)Theteacheraskedthestudentswhattheyweredoing.(思考:what在从句中的成分)注意事项:当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?eg:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?☆跟踪练习()1.Couldyoutellme___?A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijing()2.Pleasetellme______lastyear.A.wheredoesyoursisterworkBwheredidyoursisterworkCwhereyoursisterworksDwhereyoursisterworked()3.SheaskedmeifIknew______.牛津沪教版八年级上宾语从句讲解与专项练习（无答案）4/15A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit()4.Youmustremember________.A.whatyourmothersaidB.whatdidyourmothersayC.yourmothersaidwhatD.whathasyourmothersaid()5.Didyouknow____?A.whohewaslookingafterB.whowashelookingforC.whoheislookingforD.whoheislookingafter三）.宾语从句的时态：1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是_________时态。Pleasetelluswherewe’llgofishingtomorrow.DoyouknowwhenMr.Smithmovedhere?Idon’tthink(that)youareright.2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。Eg:HetoldmethathewasborninBeijingin1992.(√)HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.(√)Ithought(that)youarefreetoday.(╳)Ithought(that)youwouldbefreetoday.(√)【注意】1)当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时，不管主句谓语的时态如何，从句都用一般现在时。eg.Theteachertoldus(that)theearthmovesaroundthesun.2)d当主句是Could/Wouldyou...时，只表示一种委婉的语气，并不是一个一般过去时。eg.Couldyoutellmewherethebankis?时态小结：主现，从不变；主过，从限过；真理规律永一现☆跟踪练习()1.Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.牛津沪教版八年级上宾语从句讲解与专项练习（无答案）5/15A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake()2.Catherinesaidthatshe___toGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen()3.Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey___dictationtoday.A.hadB.hasC.willhaveD.are()4.SheaskedLindaif___goandgetsome.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay()5.Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.A.traveledB.hastraveledC.travelsD.hadtraveled四）.宾语从句变简单句：1.当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：Shefoundthatthewalletwaslyingontheground.→Shefoundthewalletlyingontheground.2.当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：Sheagreedthatshecouldhelpmewithmymaths.→Sheagreedtohelpmewithmymaths.3.在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为特殊疑问词+todo结构。如：a)Idon'tknowwhichsweaterIshouldbuy.→Idon'tknowwhichsweatertobuy.b)CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothepark?→Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepark?☆跟踪练习1.CouldyoutellmehowIcanworkouttheproblemassoonaspossible?(简单句)Couldyoutellmeworkouttheproblemassoonaspossible?2.Ihaven'tdecidedwhichferryIshalltaketoHongKongIsland.(改为简单句)Ihaven'tdecidedwhichferry_________________________toHongKongIsland.牛津沪教版八年级上宾语从句讲解与专项练习（无答案）6/153.DetectiveKendidn'tknowhowhecoulddealwiththiscase.(改为简单句)DetectiveKendidn'tknow_________________________dealwiththiscase.4.CanyoutellmewhenIshouldwatertheflowers?(改为简单句)Canyoutellme_________________________watertheflowers?五）.宾语从句和状语从句的区分：eg.1)Iwillgoouttomorrowifitisfinetomorrow.2)Idon’tknowifthetrainhasarrived.句1中if引导的是状语从句。这个从句表示“条件”，修饰主句。整个句子的意思是如果