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291(113)20103HydrometallurgyofChinaVol.29No.1(Sum.113)Mar.2010用复合沉淀法去除氢氧化钡中的锶和钙杜军1,于鲸1,刘作华1,王娜1,文鑫2,文龙明3,陶长元1(1.,400030;2.,405900;3.,401123):,:752.5100min,Sr2+Ca2+85.7%100%,Ba2+4.7%(NH4CO3NH4F),:;;;;:TF803.25:A:10092617(2010)01004004:20090903:(863)(2008AA031202);(CSTC2008AB7127)(2008-17):(1964-),,,,,,,[1],,,[212],,;,,Komatsu,[3]H2TiO9xH2O,,,,Sr2+;,,11.1,NH4FNH4F(NH4)2CO3a.NH4FSr2+Ca2+,,:Sr(OH)2+2NH4FSrF2+2NH3+H2O,(1)Ksp(SrF2)=2510-9;Ca(OH)2+2NH4FCaF2+2NH3+H2O,(2)Ksp(CaF2)=2710-11b.NH4F(NH4)2CO3,,;(SrF2,CaF2),,,:(NH4)2CO3+Ba(OH)2BaCO3+2NH3+H2O,(3)291,:Ksp(BaCO3)=5110-91.2(,,,Sr2+Ca2+134g/L66g/L);180801.3Ba(OH)28H2O100mL,NH4FNH4F(NH4)2CO3,100mL,,Sr2+Ca2+,=(1-c/c0)100%,:cSr2+Ca2+,mol/L;c0Sr2+Ca2+,mol/L22.1Sr2+Ca2+[13],(1)(2)rHm0,dlnK/dT0,K,SrF2CaF2,Sr2+Ca2+,11Sr2+Ca2+1:Sr2+Ca2+;75,Sr2+Ca2+835%100%;,Sr2+Ca2+,752.2NH4FSr2+Ca2+(Sr2+Ca2+)Sr2+Ca2+2Sr2+Ca2+NH4F,NH4F,Sr2+Ca2+;2,Sr2+Ca2+;NH4F25,Ca2+100%,Sr2+857%;NH4F,Sr2+,,Sr2+Ca2+,Ba2+F-,Ba2+(3),NH4FBa2+:,NH4F,Ba(OH)2,Ba2+,2Sr2+Ca2+3Ba2+41201032.3Sr2+Ca2+NH4F,Sr2+Ca2+4100min,Sr2+Ca2+100min4Sr2+Ca2+2.4NH4F,(5a),,[14],,,:g=dm/sdt=kd(c-ci)(),(3)g=dm/sdt=kr(ci-c*)(),(4):g,gcm-2h-1;ccic*;s;kd;kr;m;t(3),(4),:g=dm/sdt=c-c*1kd+1kr=k(c-c*),k=kdkrkd+kr,:k;c-c*,,,,,kr,kkd,;Sr2+Ca2+,,kd,kkr,,,(5b)a;b5(SEM)2.5,,Sr2+Ca2+,66(NH4)2CO3NH4FSr2+Ca2+Ba,;,,Sr2+Ca2+,n((NH4)2CO3)/n(NH4F)0102,,3~4h;n((NH4)2CO3)/n(NH4F)03,,,;,Sr2+Ca2+42291,:3,,,,,:[1].[J].,2003,35(2):1315.[2]JaegerP.SepearationofBariumFromAqueousStrontiumCompoundsUsingSulfateinAContinuousProcess.DE3723320[P].1989.[3]KomatsuY,FujkiY,SasakiT.DistributionCoefficientsofAlkalineEarthMetalIonsandTheirPossibleApplicationsonCrystallineHydrousTitaniumDioxideFiber[J].BunsekiKagaku,1983,32(2):E3339.[4]DietzML,HorwitzEP,RogersRD.ExtractionofStrontiumFromAcidicNitrateMediaUsingAModifiedPUREXSolvent[J].SolExtrIonExch,1995,13(1):117.[5]TsurubouS.ComparisionofSolventExtractionandIonexchangeMethodsfortheSeparationAmongAlkalineEarthioninthePresenceofCryptandsSamaskingReagents[C].ProcISEC2002.Johannesburg:SouthAfricaInstituteofMingingandMetallurgy,2002:414419.[6],.[J].,2007,16(4):2528.[7]LenkaS,EcaC,KatarinaG.TheStudyofSr2+,NO3andPO3-4RemovalFromtheSimulatedWastewatersUsingtheCartrigeFiltrationGeneratedFromtheNativeandODAclinoptilolites[J].ResearchJournalofChemistryandEnvironment,2008,12(2):9095.[8]OanceaAMS,PopescuAR,RadulescuM,etal.KineticsofCesiumandStrontiumIonsRemovalFromWastewateronGelandMacroporousResins[J].SolventExtractionandIonExchange,2008,26(3):217239.[9].[J].,1995,25(2):2426.[10]MahkaniSG,GhazviniPTM.BiotechnologicalPotentialofAzollaFiliculoidesforBiosorptionofCsandSr:ApplicationofMicroPIXEforPotentialMeasurementofBiosorption[J].BioresourceTechnology,2009,100(6):19151921.[11]ChegroucheS,MellahA,BarkatA.RemovalofStrontiumFromAqueousSolutionsbyAdsorptionOntoActivatedCarbon:KinetiCandthermodynamicStudies[J].Desalination,2009,235(1/3):306318.[12]Smiciklas,DimovicS,Plecas.RemovalofCs+,Sr2+andCo2+FromAqueousSolutionsbyAdsorptiononNaturalClinoptilolite[J].AppliedClayScience,2007,35(1/2):139144.[13]JA.[M]..:,2003:5.[14],.[M].:,1985:10.RemovalSr2+andCa2+FromBariumHydroxidebyComplexPrecipitationMethodDUJun1,YUJing1,LIUZuohua1,WANGNa1,WENXin2,WENLongming3,TAOChangyuan1(1.CollegeofChemistry&ChemicalEngineering,ChongqingUniversity,Chongqing400030,China;2.ChongqingHightechPioneeringCenter,Chongqing405900,China;3.ScienceandTechnologyCommitteeofChengkouCountryinChongqing,Chongqing401123,China)Abstract:TheSr2+andCa2+canaffectbariumhydroxidequlity.RemovalofSr2+andCa2+frombariumhydroxideoctahydratebycomplexprecipitationmethodhasbeenstudied.Somefactors,suchasoperatingtemperature,dosageofprecipiatingagentandstirringtime,onremovalrateofSr2+andCa2+wereexamined.Optimalconditionsforremovalimpurityweretemperatureof75,precipiatingagentdosagecoefficientof2.5,stirringtimeof100min.Undertheconditions,theremovalrateofSr2+andCa2+wereof85.7%and100%,respectively,lossrateofBa2+wasonlyof4.7%.Thecompositeprecipitant(NH4CO3NH4F)couldchangefluoridecrystallizationbehaviorandimproveseparationperformanceofprecipitate.Keywords:bariumhydroxide;complexprecipitationmethods;Sr;Ca;removal43