book5unit1Reading[1]课文阅读

Unit1GreatscientistsReadingWhatdoyouknowaboutinfectiousdiseases?Pre-readingSARSAIDS/SARS/Birdflu/TB(肺结核)/Ebolaviruscanbespreadeasily.maydogreatharmtopeople.aredifficulttocure.Ebolavirus埃博拉病毒是引起人类和灵长类动物发生埃博拉出血热的烈性病毒，其引起的埃博拉出血热（EBHF）是当今世界上最致命的病毒性出血热，感染者会恶心、呕吐、腹泻、肤色改变、全身酸痛、体内出血、体外出血、发烧等。病毒可透过与患者体液直接接触，或与患者皮肤、黏膜等接触而传染或通过飞沫传播。西非地区埃博拉疫情“严重且反常”，是“近40年来这类疫情最复杂的一次暴发”。Whatotherinfectiousdiseasesdoyouknow?Forexample:Whenyoueatsomefoodthatisnotfresh……Youmayfeel…Maybeyouhavegot________.CholeradrawaconclusionthinkofamethodcollectresultsmakeaquestionfindaproblemanalysetheresultsfindsupportingevidencefindaproblemmakeaquestionthinkofamethodcollectresultsanalysetheresultsdrawaconclusionHowtoproveanewideainscientificresearch?findsupportingevidenceJohnSnowdefeats“Kingcholera”JohnSnowdefeats“kingcholera”Whatcanyoulearnfromthetitle?人物：事件：defeatscholeraWhoisJohnSnow?attendedherasherpersonalphysicianQueenVictoriaJohnSnow约翰.斯诺(1813~1858),英国麻醉学家、流行病专家。他首次提出了预防霍乱的措施。1854年,伦敦霍乱流行,斯诺通过研究霍乱病死者的日常生活情况,寻找到他们的共同行为模式,发现了霍乱与饮用不洁水的关系,由于及时切断了二者的联系,有效制止了霍乱的流行。Fouroutbreaksofcholerainthe1830sand1840skilledmanypeopleinEngland.In1854,“themostterribleoutbreakofcholerawhicheveroccurredinthekingdom”began.Itwassoviolentandsuddenthat127peoplediedinthefirstthreedays.TheterriblecholeraBacteria/germsofcholeraNameofillnesscholera(霍乱)Symptom(症状)severevomiting(呕吐)anddiarrhoea(腹泻)Aftereffect(后果)diequicklyfromalossofliquidWhatwasthecauseofthisillness?HowdidJohnSnowfinditout?1.Thepassagemainlytellsusthat____.A.thecauseofcholerawaspollutedwaterB.JohnSnowwasawell-knowndoctorinLondonC.thesourceofalldrinkingwatershouldbeexaminedD.HowJohnSnowfoundthecauseofthecholeraanddefeatedit.DSkimthetextandchoosethemainideaofthetext.drawaconclusionfindaproblemmakeaquestionthinkofamethodcollectresultsanalysetheresultsrepeatifnecessaryMatchthemPara1Para2Para3Para4Para5Para6Para7PreventionofCholeraReadthepassageandnumbertheseeventsintheorderthattheyhappened.JohnSnowbegantotesttwotheories.AnoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854.Heannouncedthatthewatercarriedthedisease.JohnSnowmarkedthedeathsonamap.2147Careful—reading:KingCholerawasdefeated.Hefoundthatmostofthedeathswerenearawaterpump.Hehadthehandleremovedfromthewaterpump.JohnSnowinvestigatedtwostreetswheretheoutbreakwasverysevere.3856Whatistheproblem?Thecholerawasthemostdeadlydiseaseofitsday.Neitheritscause,noritscurewasunderstood.Whatcausedcholera?Para.1Makeaquestion:Whichtheorytobelievein?Choleramultipliedintheairwithoutreason.Acloudofdangerousgaswouldfloatarounduntilitfounditsvictims.Peopleabsorbeditwiththeirmeals.Whichonedoyoubelievemore?WhataboutJohnSnow?Para.2-3Para3ThinkofamethodTesttwotheoriesJohnsnowsuspectedthatthesecondtheorywascorrect.Para.4AmapofBroadStreetWhatmethoddidheuse?Manydeathshappenedhere.Nodeathhappenedhere.Itseemedthewaterfromthepumpwastoblame.Whatdidhedonext?Publichouse(Para6)Whatwasanothersupportingevidence?(Para5)Helookedintothesourceofthewater…whatistheresult?JohnSnowwasabletoannouncewithcertaintythatpollutedwatercarriedthevirus.(Para6)line41--44Para7Thewateristoblame.Thesourceofalldrinkingwatershouldbeexaminedsothatitissafe.DrawaconclusionJohnSnowwasawell-known______inLondoninthe_____century.Hewantedtofindthe______ofcholerainorderto______it.In1854whenacholera______out,hebegantogatherinformation.doctor19thcausedefeatbrokeHe_________onamapwhereallthedeadpeoplehadlivedandhefoundthatmanypeoplewhohaddrunkthedirtywaterfromthe______died.Sohedecidedthatthepollutedwatercarriedcholera.Hesuggestedthatthe_______ofallwatersupplybe__________andnewmethodsof________withpollutedwaterbefound.Finally,“KingCholera”wasdefeated.markedpumpsourceexamineddealingWhatshouldwepayattentiontoinourdailylifeinordernottogetinfectedwithcholera?HeatthefoodleftovernightCookrawfoodthoroughlyWashhandsoftenKeepawayfromflieschoosefreshseafoodKeepthekitchencleanDisposerubbishproperly.DrinkboiledwaterDiscussion1.knowabout了解有关……的情况knowof听说过1)有些事我想了解一下。ThereissomethingIwanttoknowabout.2)我听说过那件事,但不很清楚。Iknowofit,butIdidn’tknowitwell.Languagepoints2.conclude:v.作结论,断定Thejuryconcludedthathewasguilty.陪审团认定他有罪。toconclude:总而言之,总之Toconclude,Iwanttothankyouforyourhelp.conclusion:n.结论得出结论arriveatdraw/reachcometo｝aconclusion1)那些都是事实,你能从中得出什么结论?Thosearethefacts;whatdoyouconcludefromthem?2)我得出结论你在说谎。Icameto/drew/reachedtheconclusionthatyouwerelying.3)根据这些事实,我们能对金字塔是如何建成的得出一些结论。Fromthesefacts,wecandrawsomeconclusionsabouthowthepyramidswerebuilt.3.defeatv./n.Hedefeatedthechampioninthreesets.Hiswordscompletelydefeatedme.ThePartyfacesdefeatintheelection.击败,战胜使困惑win/beat/defeatwin“赢得,获胜”,后接奖品,奖金,名誉,财产beat“击败,战胜”,后接竞争队伍或者对手,敌人defeat“击败，战胜”,后接竞争队伍或者对手,敌人,(此用法同beat),疾病等。1)Mary_____thefirstplaceinthecompetition.2)Ourschool_______________theirschoolatfootball.3)I________________Johnatchessyesterday.wonbeat/defeatedbeat/defeated4.JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon-soexpert,indeed,thatheattendedQueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysician.约翰.斯诺曾经是一位著名的医生--他的确医术精湛,因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。1)expertn.专家;高手;权威anagriculturalexpert农业专家anexpertwiththecomputer电脑高手expert也可以作形容词,“熟练的;老练的;经验(或知识