His-Politeness-Is-Her-Powerlessness

Unit4HisPolitenessIsHerPowerlessnessWhataredifferencesbetweenmaleandfemalestylesofconversation?Womencommunicatetobuildrelationships.Mencommunicatetogiveinformation,solveproblemsandshowexpertise(专门知识；专门技术；专家的意见)Womentrytoavoidtheappearanceof“superiority.”Menarecomfortabletellingotherswhattodoandappearing“superior.”Womenwanttoreachconsensus(达成共识)andconsultwithothersbeforedeciding.Menwanttogetstraighttothebottomlineandchoosewithoutconsulting.2、StructureofthetextThearticlefallsinto3parts:PartⅠ(Paragraph1-2)PartⅡ(Paragraph3-4)PartⅢ(Paragraph5-9)3、ComprehensionofthetextPartⅠIntroduce(Paragraph1-2)(1)Whyisawoman'scommunicationstyledifferentlyviewed?Awoman'slinguisticstrategyisregardedaspowerless,becauseofwomen'slowstatusinsociety.(2)Whyarewomen'swayofthinkingmisinterpreted?Becauseoftheinherent(内在的，固有的)ambiguity(歧义；模棱两可)ingendercommunication.InterviewacouplewhoarepsychologistsWhatisthemeaningofbeingverypolite?Themansaid,“Subservience“(毕恭毕敬；从属).Thewomansaid,Sensitivity.ComprehensionofthetextPartⅡBody(Paragraph3-4)•Whyiswomen'sstyleofindirectnessregardedaspowerlessness?•Becausetheydon'tthinkwomenhavetherighttoaskdirectly.•Whydowomenpreferindirectstyle?•Womenseekconnectionorrapportinconversationswithothers.•Howisindirectnessrelatedtopowerlessness?AmanmightaskawomanWillyoupleasegotothestore?Gee,Ireallyneedafewthingsfromthestore,butI'msotired.Comprehensionofthetext•Howisindirectnessrelatedtopowerlessness?•Thewoman’sstyleiscalled“covert,(秘密的)”atermsuggesting“sneaky”(偷偷摸摸的)and“underhanded”(狡诈的).•Thereasonofferedispower:thewomandoesn’tfeelshehastherighttoaskdirectly.•Howdoeswomen'sindirectnessresultindifferentpayoffs?ComprehensionofthetextYouareone-upifyougetyourway(为所欲为)asyoudemanded.Neitherone-upnorone-downifotherswantthesameasyou.3、ComprehensionofthetextPartⅢConclusion(Paragraph5-9)Indirectnessitselfdoesnotreflectpowerlessness.Ourassumptionsaboutthestatusofwomencompelustointerpretanythingtheydoasreflectinglowstatus.ComprehensionofthetextAparententerstheroomwherechildrenaremisbehavingandstandwithhandsonhips,andchildrenimmediatelystopwhattheyaredoing.IndirectnessitselfdoesnotreflectpowerlessnessAwealthycouplewhoknowsthattheirservantswilldotheirbidding(命令)neednotgivedirectorders.ComprehensionofthetextInGreece,indirectnesswastheappropriatemeansforcommunicatingherpreference.Greeksassumedawifewhoasked,Wouldyouliketogototheparty?“washintingthatshewantedtogo.Theyfelt,shewouldnotstateherpreferenceoutrightbecausethatwouldsoundlikeademand.Entireculturesoperateonelaborate(详尽而复杂的)systemofindirectness.ComprehensionofthetextJapaneseculturehasdevelopedindirectnesstoafineart.ComprehensionofthetextInaMalagasy-speakingvillageonislandofMadagascar(马达加斯加),men’sindirectwayofspeakingusingmetaphors(隐喻)andproverbs(箴言，谚语),asthebetterway.Thankyou!