新概念第二册第20课

Lesson20OnemaninaBoat【Newwordsandexpressions】★catch[katʃ]v.抓到（caught;caught)catchfish,catchathiefcatchthebus赶车catchone’sattention吸引某人注意力catchfire着火catchacold染上感冒catchsb.doingsth.抓住某人做某事eg.Thelittleboywascaughtstealingapplesfromthegarden★fishermann.钓鱼人，渔民1)fish鱼（pl.)单复数同形Theycaughtmanyfishthatmorning.2)fishes不同种类的鱼3）v.钓鱼gofishingIlike/enjoyfishing。(复数.fishermen)★waste[weɪst]vt./n.浪费1)wastevt.浪费Youarewastingtime.Don’twasteyourtimeandmoney.2)wasten.浪费awasteof对…的浪费Itisawasteoftime/money/food.wastebasket废纸篓（美）wastepaperbasket废纸篓（英）★realize[ˈrɪəlʌɪz]v.意识到1）认识到，意识到（无被动语态，不用进行时态，人做主语。）realizeone'smistakeHerealizedthathemadeamistake.2)实现（计划等）（可用于主动，也可用于被动）realizeone'shope/dream/planHerealizedhisdreamatlast.→Hisdreamwasrealizedatlast.ListenandanswerWhatisthewriter’sfavoritesport?Doesevercatchanything?Ishereallyinterestedinfishing?Fishingismyfavoritesport.Ioftenfishforhourswithoutcatchinganything.Butthisdoesnotworryme.Somefishermenareunlucky.Insteadofcatchingfish,theycatcholdbootsandrubbish.Iamevenlesslucky.Inevercatchanything---notevenoldboots.Afterhavingspentwholemorningsontheriver,Ialwaysgohomewithanemptybag.'Youmustgiveupfishing!'myfriendssay.'It'sawasteoftime.'Buttheydon’trealizeoneimportantthing.I'mnotreallyinterestedinfishing.Iamonlyinterestedinsittinginaboatanddoingnothingatall!【课文讲解】Fishingismyfavouritesport.动词＋ing(动名词)：1.做主语；2.做宾语favouriteadj.“最喜欢的”无比较级，最高级RedandBlackismyfavouritebook.n.心爱的人(物)，最喜爱的东西Thatsongisoneofhisfavourites.Sheisheraunt’sfavourite.Ioftenfishforhourswithoutcatchinganything.withoutprep.没有（可放句首，句尾）prep+n./v.-ing/pron.Hewentoutwithoutsayinganything.Icannotlivewithoutyou.Fishcannotlivewithoutwater.Butthisdoesnotworryme.worryv.使…担心worrysb.使…担心困扰某人Mylittledaughterworriedmealot.beworriedabout对…感到担心Iwasworriedaboutmylittledaughter.Insteadofcatchingfish,theycatcholdbootsandrubbish.insteadof“而不是…“（可置于句首\句尾）Igotoschoolinsteadofstayingathome.Ilikericeinsteadofnoodles.He,insteadofI,willgotothebookstore.insteadof+n./pron./v.-ingAfterhavingspentwholemorningsontheriver,Ialwaysgohomewithanemptybag.after(conj.)+从句，从句主语和主句的主语需一致才能换成下面一种形式after(prep.)+名词／动词的ing形式AfterIgotoschool,Ilearnedalotofknowledge.Aftergoingtoschool,Ilearnedalotofknowledge.Afterthestudentshandedintheirpapers,theteacherleft.spendtime/money/energyonsth.spendtime/money/energy(in)doingsth.'Youmustgiveupfishing!'myfriendssay.'It'sawasteoftime.'giveup放弃…giveupfishing/smoking/fightingit’s与its的区别it’s是itis的缩写，its式形容词物主代词“它的”It’sacoldday.Itisrainingtoo.Thecatdrankitsmilk.Thisenginehaslostitspower.I'mnotreallyinterestedinfishing.Iamonlyinterestedinsittinginaboatanddoingnothingatall!beinterestedinsth./doingsth.Everyoneisinterestedinbeautiesinteresting令人感兴趣的（一般物做主语）Fishingisnotinteresting.excited/excitingsurprised/surprisingdisappointed/disappointinging形式表示令人感到…ed形式表示自己感到…KeytoSummarywritingFishingisthewriter’sfavouritesport.Someunluckyfishermencatcholdbootsandrubbish.Thewriterisnotsolucky.Henevercatchesanything.Heisnotreallyinterestedinfishing.Sittinginaboatanddoingnothingatallistheonlythingthatinterestshim.Tellthestory:1.Fishing—favouriteaport2.often—hours—anything3.some—unlucky4.Instead—fish—boots—rubbish5.I—less6.never—even—boots7.wholemornings—river—home—empty8.‘giveup’—friends—‘waste—’9.don’trealize—importantthing10.only—sitting—nothingMultiplechoicequestions1-b2-b3-b4-b5-c6-b7-c8-a9-c10-c11-d12-a关键句型—动名词1）动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式；2）v.+ing形式;3)它在句中其名词的作用，可单独或引起短语作主语，表语，动词宾语，或介词的宾语以及定语。）1)V-ing形式作主语往往表示抽象、笼统的动作或泛指某动作或行为。如：a.)Gettingupearlyisagoodhabit.b.)FishingisTom’sfavoritehobby.c.)Cryingoverspiltmilkisnouse.d.)Arguingwithhimisawasteoftime.Subject注：动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别：动名词作主语通常表示抽象的或泛指的动作，一般不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起；不定式作主语通常表示具体的动作或行为，往往与特定的动作执行者联系在一起，如：It’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.(抽象)Herealizedthattogoonlikethiswasnouse.(具体)在实际运用中，一般可以互换，差异不大。但在下列几种情况中不能互换：a.当表语是动名词时，主语也要用动名词；当表语是不定式时，主语也要用不定式，如：Seeingisbelieving.Toseeistobelieve.b.动名词和不定式作主语，一般都可以使用形式主语it，而将动名词或不定式放在句尾。但是在下列句型中，一般宜用动名词，不宜用不定式来代替：It’snousedoing…It’snogooddoing…It’sawasteoftimedoing…例如：It’snousegoingtheretoday;hewon’tbeathome.It’sawasteoftimearguingaboutit.而在It’simportant…/It’snecessary…/It’sadvisable…/It’sessential…/It’sfitting…这类句型中，只能用不定式，如：It’simportanttolearnforeignlanguages.It’squitenecessarytoreaditmanytimes.3)V-ing形式作表语(放在系动词之后,泛指某种动作或行为,常用来说明主语的身份、内容或特点。)如：a.)Myjobistestingallkindsofsoftware.b.)Thepurposeofmyletterisadvisingyoutodomoresports.c.)Hisgreatesthappinessisservingthepeople.d.)Seeingisbelieving.Predictive注①：动名词作表语与不定式作表语的区别：动名词作表语时表示比较抽象的一般行为、习惯；不定式作表语时表示具体的某一次动作，特别是将来的动作，试比较：Myfavouritesportisswimming.Thefirstthingforustodoistoimproveourpronunciation.注②：动名词作表语与现在分词作表语的区别：动名词作表语时相当于名词，说明主语的含义及内容，它与主语是同等关系，主语与表语互换位置不影响句子的基本含义，但不可用副词来修饰。现在分词作表语时相当于形容词，说明主语的特征、性质、状态等，主语与表语不可互换位置，但可用very,quite等副词来修饰，如：Myjobislookingafterthechildren.Ourdutyisservingthepeopleheartandsoul.Thesituationisencouraging.Thiscakeisveryinviting.Thevolleyballmatchwewatchedwasveryexciting.2)V-ing形式作宾语a.)Shesattherewithoutspeaking.b.)Davidisinterestedindriving.c.)DoyoumindturningontheTV?d.)Bettyenjoyslistening