高考作文概要写作Summary-Writing(必修三第四单元课文)

SummarywritingAsummaryisashortstatementthatgivesonlythemainpointsofsth,notthedetails《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》读者在正确理解文章的基础上,在不改变原文中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下，用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点。Itisabrief,thoroughandobjectiverestatementofthemainideaandkeypointsofalongercomposition.01Whatisasummary?•a60-wordsummary•useyourownwords•inthethirdperson•withabriefsentence•connectionbetweensentences(句子衔接)02RequestsofSummaryWritingStep1.Determinethetypeofwritingandidentifythetopicaswellastheauthor’spurposeStep2.Dividethepassage&summarizethemainideaofeachpartStep3.HighlightthekeyinformationofeachpartStep4.MakeanoutlineofthepassageStep5.WritethefirstdraftStep6.Revisethesummary03StepsofSummaryWritingUnit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestarsSection3--TextRevisionTask1-ListenforthemainideaStep1.确定体裁，明确主题，Step2.划分文章结构，划分层次Step3.找出每层主旨信息Step4.列出文章提纲Step5.拟写草稿Step6.修改文章03StepsofSummaryWritingStep1.Determinethetypeofwritingandidentifythetopicaswellastheauthor’spurpose确定体裁，明确主题体裁：主题：记叙文文艺复兴时期的艺术提炼要点整合删除细节删除具体例子（引用一两个说明问题即可）避免重复同义转换:近义词、同义词等替换语言句子重构:调整词类、时态、语态等逻辑：衔接（照应、替代、省略、连接和词汇衔接）04SkillsofSummaryWritingtypeskeyinformation记叙文narration人物+时间+地点+事件（起因+发展+结果）说明文exposition描写某事物的性质功用。即“对象+性质功用+利好”；针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施。即“问题+解决方法”；介绍某现象及其原因和结果。即“现象+原因+结果”议论文argumentation论点+论据(+结论)1.确定文体thetypesofthepassage√√Step2.Dividethepassage&summarizethemainideaofeachpart明确文章结构Para2Para1Para3Para4Para5Step3.Highlightthekeyinformationofeachpart划主题句与关键信息Para1-TheoryMainidea:However,accordingtoawidelyacceptedtheory,theuniversebeganwitha“BigBang”thatthrewmattersinalldirections.Tip1:注意语句标记词如however后所说的话往往就是point。然而，如何改写用自己的话来概扩呢？Mainidea:The“bigbang”theoryexplainedtheorigionoftheUniverse.Tip2:省略定语从句，改写主语和宾语的位置Para2-EarthTopicSentence:None.（6个句子的逻辑关系理清楚）Information:theearthwasacloudofdust.thedustsettledintoasolidballproducegasestobeatmospherewaterappearedTips:有些段落需要把信息点提炼出来在进行归纳。因此此句概括为：Theearthexplodedviolentlybutintimecreatedatmosphereandwaterappeared.如何和第一段（The“bigbang”theoryexplainedtheorigionoftheUniverse.概要相连接呢？Afterthat,theearth...Para3-waterTopicSentence:WatermadelifedeveloppossiblyTips:补充说明第二段水的作用，可以作为次要点放在第三段结合处理。Para4TopicSentence:Nonepoints:plantsinwater,shellfish,fish,plantsonlandlandanimals,forest,reptiles,dinosaurs,mammals.Mainidea:Thankstothewater,variouswildlifedevelopedandappearedontheearth.。Tips:学会使用概括性词汇来代替具体事实Para5-HumansTopicSentence:Nonepoints:finally,cleveranimalsappearedandspread.notlookaftertheearthwell.theearthmaybetoohottoliveon,whether...dependonMainidea:Fianlly,Humansruletheearthbutthetimeoftheirexistenceisuncertain.Tips:积累概扩性词汇。Step4.MakeanoutlineofthepassagePara1Para2Para3Para4Para5TopicSentence:TheoryEarthWaterLifeHumansStep5.WritethefirstdraftThe“bigbang”theoryexplainedtheorigionoftheUniverse.Afterthat,Theearthexplodedviolentlybutintimecreatedatmosphereandwaterappeared.Thankstothewater,variouswildlifeappearedanddevelopedontheearth.Fianlly,Humansruledtheearthbutthetimeoftheirexistenceuncertain.(49).Rewrite:.Rewrite:Step5.RewritethesummaryThetheoryexplainedthattheorigionoftheUniversebeganwithabigbang.Afterthat,Theearthexplodedviolentlybutintimecreatedatmosphereandwaterappearedonitssurfacewhichmadelifepossilbe.Thankstothewater,variouswildlifeappearedanddevelopedontheearth.Fianlly,Humansruledtheearthtilltodaybuttheirexistenceandfuturedependsontheirproblemsolving.(62)Idea1:Peoplebegantoconcentratelessonreligiousthemesandadoptamorehumanisticattitudetolife.Rewrite：Firstly,peoplefocusedmoreonhumanisticthemesratherthanreligiousones.Idea2:AtthesametimepaintersreturnedtoclassicalRomanandGreekideasaboutart.Theytriedtopaintpeopleandnatureastheyreallywere.Rewrite：Secondly,paintersreturnedtoclassicalideas,whichattachedgreatimportancetorealpeopleandnature.focusedmoreon同义转换句型转变短语连接删除细节Para1IntheRenaissance,newviewpointswereinplaceofthosehundredsyearsago.Firstly,peoplefocusedmoreonhumanisticthemesratherthanreligiousones.Secondly,paintersreturnedtoclassicalideaswhichfocusedonrealpeopleandnature.(38words)Step6.RevisetheSummaryPeoplehadnewviewpointsduringtheRenaissance.Meanwhile,painterspreferredtheclassicalideasandpaintedrealpeopleandnature.Firstly,Secondly,PeoplehadnewviewpointsduringtheRenaissance.Peoplefocusedmoreonhumanisticthemesratherthanreligiousones.Meanwhile,painterspreferredtheclassicalideasandpaintedrealpeopleandnature.(29words)OnepossibleversionofPara1TipsCoverallthekeypointsWriteincorrectlanguageUseproperconjunctionsAvoidcopyingtheoriginalsentencesCountthewords(60±20)OnepossibleversionPeoplehadnewviewpointsduringtheRenaissance.Peoplefocusedmoreonhumanisticthemesratherthanreligiousones.Meanwhile,painterspreferredtheclassicalideasandpaintedrealpeopleandnature.TheperspectiveproposedbyMasaccioin1428becamethetypicalpaintingcharacteristicinthatperiod.Withthedevelopmentofoilpaints,peoplefeltlikeseeingrealitythroughahole.(58words)