英国皇室英文介绍

BritishroyalfamilyTheHouseofWesse威塞克斯王朝(829-1016年)HouseofNormandy诺曼底王朝(1066-1154年)HouseofPlantagenet金雀花王朝(1154-1399年)HouseofLancaster兰开斯特王朝(1399-1464年)HouseofYork约克王朝(1461-1485年)TheTudors都铎王朝(1485-1603年)TheHouseofStuart斯图亚特王朝(1603-1649年，1660-1714年)houseofhanover汉诺威王朝(1714-1901年)HouseofSaxe-CoburgandGotha萨克森-科堡-哥达王朝(1901-1917)HouseofWindsor温莎王朝(1917-至今)ThehistoryofBritishRoyalFamilyItreferstothefamilythatinitiallyruledakingdominsouthwestEnglandknownasWessex,fromthe6thcenturyunderCerdicofWessexuntiltheunificationoftheKingdomsofEnglandbyAlfredtheGreatandhissuccessorsTheHouseofWessexHouseofWessexCountryKingdomofWessex,KingdomofEnglandTitles•KingofWessex•KingofEnglandFounded519FounderCerdicofWessexFinalrulerEdwardtheConfessorDissolution1093TheHouseofYorkwasacadetbranchoftheEnglishroyalHouseofPlantagenet.ThreeofitsmembersbecameKingsofEnglandinthelate15thcentury.ThereignofthisdynastyendedwiththedeathofRichardIIIofEnglandin1485.ItbecameextinctinthemalelinewiththedeathofEdwardPlantagenet,17thEarlofWarwickin1499.HouseofYork约克王朝(1461-1485年)itisaGermanroyaldynastythatruledtheElectorateandthentheKingdomofHanover,andthatalsoprovidedmonarchsofGreatBritainandIrelandfrom1714andruledtheUnitedKingdomuntilthedeathofQueenVictoriain1901.TheHouseofHanoverTheHouseofWindsoristheroyalhouseoftheUnitedKingdomandtheotherCommonwealthrealms.ThedynastyisofGermanpaternaldescentandwasoriginallyabranchoftheHouseofSaxe-CoburgThenamewaschangedfromSaxe-CoburgandGothatotheEnglishWindsorin1917becauseofanti-GermansentimentintheBritishEmpireduringWorldWarI.DuringthereignoftheWindsors,majorchangestookplaceinBritishsociety.TheBritishEmpireparticipatedintheFirstandSecondWorldWars,endinguponthewinningsidebothtimes,butsubsequentlylostitsstatusasasuperpowerduringdecolonisation.HouseofWindsor温莎王朝KingEdwardVII，22January1901to6May1910,SonofQueenVictoriaandPrinceAlbertKingGeorgeV,6May1910to20January1936,SonofEdwardVIIKingEdwardVIII,20January1936to11December1936,SonofGeorgeVKingGeorgeVI,11December1936to6February1952,SonofGeorgeVQueenElizabethII,6February1952,reigning,DaughterofGeorgeVIListofmonarchsBalmoralCastle（巴尔莫拉城堡）In1842,QueenVictoriaandPrinceAlbertduringavisittotheHighlands,likedtheareaandtobuildtheirownhomeswhereitislocatedinScotland'sBalmoralcastle.Sincethen,duringthesummer,thecastlehasbecomethebestsummerresidenceofmanykings,whooftenbecometheroyalresidenceof.BalmoralcastleisallScotlandcastleisoneofthemostbeautifulcastle,infinitecharm,itisstillthequeenElizabethinScotlandandaprivatehouse.EveryyearinApriltoJune,thecastleandpartofgardenandopentotheoutsideworld.In1842,QueenVictoriaandPrinceAlbertduringavisittotheHighlands,likedtheareaandtobuildtheirownhomeswhereitislocatedinScotland'sBalmoralcastle.Sincethen,thecastlehasbecomethebestplaceformanykingstospendthesummer,andithasoftenbeentheresidenceoftheroyalfamilies.BalmoralcastleisoneofthemostbeautifulandcharmingcastlesinScotland.Itisstillthequeen'sprivateresidenceinScotland.AndthecastleandsomeofitsgardensareopentothepubliceveryAprilandJune.WindsorCastle（温莎城堡）ThecastleofWindsordatesbacktothe1970sandwasthefirstcastlebuiltbyWilliamtheconqueror.ThecastlehasbeenrenovatedseveraltimesandisalsotheburialsiteofthetenKings,includingHenryviii.WindsorcastleisstilltheofficialresidenceofthequeenofEngland,andcontinuestobeusedforstatevisitsandgrandgatherings.ItisalsoknownasoneofthebesttouristattractionsintheUK,withthousandsoftouristsvisitingeveryyear.KensingtonPalace（肯辛顿宫）Kensingtonpalace,inLondon'smostfashionableareas,hadbeenthemainresidenceoftheKingsofmanyBritish.ItisstillduetoenjoythebeautifulnameofqueenVictoria'schildhoodhomeisfamous.Infact,queenVictoriawasinKensingtonpalacetobecrowned.Partsofthepalacearenowopen,andvisitorscanvisittheroyalceremonialclothingexhibitionarea.LeedsCastle（利兹城堡）Forcenturies,thecastleofLeedshasbeenthemainvenueformanyKings,onceimportantroyalbasesandmilitarycenters.PuzzlingisthatLeedscastleisnotlocatedinLeeds,butinmaidstone,Kent,whichoriginatedfromthepuzzleafterA.D.1119,lieutenantWilliamtheconqueroradoptedtheproposal.Sincethen,EdwardI,thecastlebecamearoyalpalace,earlymedievalseveralqueenalsoliveintheoffice,aswellasHenryviiibelovedsanctuary.Today,Leedscastleisopentotheworld,withitsfascinatinghistoryandfascinatinggeography,attractingalargenumberoftouristsfromallovertheworld.BuckinghamPalace（白金汉宫）Inalltheroyalresidence,themostfamousistheBuckinghamPalaceinLondon,since1837,itbecameaBritishKingsresidenceinLondon,stillistheadministrativeheadquartersofqueenElizabeth.BuckinghamPalaceisacomplexstructurewith775rooms,avenueforlargeroyalceremoniesandnationalevents.August-Septembereachyear,thestateroomsopentothepublic,visitorscanseefamous“AchangeofguardatBuckinghamPalace.atthesametime,theceremonyisheld11a.m.everydayinsummer.EdinburghCastle（爱丁堡城堡）Edinburghcastlehasbeenaroyalresidenceandanimportantmilitarybaseforhundredsofyears.Astheroyalresidence,thecastleisthecoreoftheroyalfamilyinScotland,isalsothebirthplaceofJamesVIofScotland,JamesVIlaterbecamekingJamesIofEngland.Nowadays,