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拼音Pinyin汉语拼音ChinesePīnyīn•Function:JustlikethephoneticalphabetsinEnglish,PīnyīnhelpsustoreadChinesewords.•Formation:Initials声母shēngmǔFinals韵母yùnmǔTones声调shēngdiàoe.g.你(you)n-i-ˇnǐ好(good,fine)h-ao-ˇhǎo声调shēngdiàoTheChineseputonghuahasfourbasictones.Theyareshownbythetone-marks:ˉ(the1sttone),ˊ(the2ndtone),ˇ(the3rdtone),ˋ(the4thtone).Differenttonesmayexpressdifferentmeanings.aoeiuüdānyùnmǔ单韵母：simplefinals声调shēngdiào•1.Thetone-markshouldbeplacedoverthevowels,eg:nǐ,gē,bà•2.Whenatone-markisplacedabovethevoweli,thedotoveritmustbeleftout,eg:bǐ,wénjiànjiá•3.Acompoundfinalcarriestwoormorevowels,thetone-markisplacedoverthevowelwhichpronouncedwiththemouthopeningwiderandlouder,usuallya,o,e,eg:lái,piào,dōu声调shēngdiào•轻声（theNeutralTone)•EveryChinesecharacterinChinesePutonghuahasitsspecifictone.Butsometimes,inawordorasentencesomesyllableslosetheiroriginaltonesandbecomeweakandshort,thereforeitiscalledtheneutraltone.Theneutraltonesyllablesareshownbytheabsenceofthetone-mark,forexample:•Bàba爸爸（father,dad)māma妈妈（mother,mum)声母shēngmǔConsonants,21•Whenusedasinitials,thefollowingconsonantsarepronouncedroughlythesameastheyareinEnglish.•bpmfdtnlgkhjs声母shēngmǔConsonants,21•Whenusedasinitials,thefollowingconsonantsarepronouncedquitedifferentlyfromwhattheyareinEnglish.•qxzczhchshr声母shēngmǔConsonants,21•声母有21个：•bpmfdtnl•玻坡摸佛的特讷勒•gkhjqx•哥科喝基欺希•zhchshrzcs•知吃诗日资雌思声母shēngmǔConsonants,21在每个本音（清音、浊音）后面配上不同的元音，这样发出的响亮声音就叫做声母的读音。b玻（bo）p坡（po）m摸（mo）f佛（fo）d的（de）t特（特）n讷（ne）l勒（le）g哥（ge）k科（ke）h喝（he）j基（ji）q欺（qi）x希（xi）zh知（zhi）ch吃（chi）sh诗（shi）r日（ri）z资（zi）c雌（ci）s思（si）这就是汉语的声母发音和拉丁字母（英语字母）辅音发音的重要区别。声母shēngmǔ•b•bōluó菠萝(pineapple)bàba爸爸(dad)bù不(no)(similarwithbinBrotherbutnobuffofbreath)声母shēngmǔ•Ppǎobù跑步（running,run)(similartopinportpieButshouldbemorearticulatedwithmoreaspiration)声母shēngmǔ•m•māmā妈妈（mum)mǎi买（buy)（sameasminmanmug)声母shēngmǔ•f•chīfàn吃饭（eating)fēng风（wind)(samewithfinfromfar)声母shēngmǔ•d•dà大（big,huge）dìdi弟弟（youngerbrother)(similarwithdindogdustbutnopuffofbreath)声母shēngmǔ•t•tàiyáng太阳（sun)tèbié特别（verymuch)(similartotintermtidetopButshouldbemorearticulatedwithmoreaspiration)声母shēngmǔ•n•nánrén男人（male,man)ná拿（take,pick,hold)（similarasninnonation)声母shēngmǔ•l•lóng龙（dragon)kuàilè快乐（happy)（sameaslinletterlearn)声母shēngmǔ•g•gēge哥哥（olderbrother)gāo高（tall,high)(Similarwithgingrillgoodbutnopuffofbreath)声母shēngmǔ•k•Kěkěyǐ•渴（thirsty)可以(can)•shàngkè•上课(haveclass)kǎoshì考试（exam)(similartokinkeyButshouldbemorearticulatedwithmoreaspiration)声母shēngmǔ•h•hēshuǐ(drinkwater)•hé河（river)hǎihěn海（sea)很（toomuch)(hsoundslike“h”intheEnglishword“her”heart,butitmustbeaddedmorefrictionofthebreaththanitisinEnglish.)声母shēngmǔ•j•jī鸡（chicken)jiā家（home)(jinJeep)声母shēngmǔ•q•qī七（seven)qián钱（money)•qīzi(wife)(chincheese)声母shēngmǔ•x•xī西（thewest)xǐhuān喜欢（like)•xuéxí•学习(study)•(shinsheep)声母shēngmǔ•z•zì字（characters)zuò坐（sit)(similarwithdsinfriendszinzero)声母shēngmǔ•c•cài菜（vegetable,dishes)cāi猜（guess)(similarwiththetsinbitsstudents)声母shēngmǔ•s•sì四（four)sīniàn思念（misssomeone)(similartosinstudent)声母shēngmǔ•zh•zhè这（this)zhàn站（stand)zhīdào(know)(similarwithdgeinjudge)声母shēngmǔ•ch•chī吃（eat）cháng长（long)(similartochinchurch,butmusthavesrongpuffofbreath)声母shēngmǔ•sh•lǎoshī老师（teacher)shí十(ten)(similartoshinshirt)声母shēngmǔ•r•rén人（human,people)rè热（hot)(similartorinrun)声母shēngmǔTest:listenandchoosetheInitialsyouhear.bpmfdtnlgkhjqxzhchshrzcsɑoeiuü啊喔呃衣屋迂dānyùnmǔ单韵母：simplefinalsainFatherāyí阿姨bàbɑ爸爸māmɑ妈妈oAwWǒ我fó佛eUhèkuàilèlekě饿快乐了可iEseebeenǐmǐfàn4你米饭uooinLoopbookbùxínɡbùzhīdào不行不知道ü(First,trytopronouncei,andthenyourtonguestayshere,graduallypurseyourlips.Tryityourself)yúxiàyǔlǜsè鱼下雨绿色韵母yùnmǔ•Singlefinals•aāáǎà•oōóǒò•eēéěè•iīíǐì•uūúǔù•üǖǘǚǜ复韵母是指由两个或三个元音组成韵母。复韵母共13个：ɑieiɑoou哀欸熬欧iaieiɑoiou（iu）呀耶腰忧uɑuouɑiuei（ui）蛙窝歪威üe约fùyùnmǔ复韵母（componundfinals）aieiaoouiaieuauoüefùyùnmǔ复韵母（componundfinals）aieiaoouiaieuauoüeaiai(asinhigh)wǒàinǐkěài我爱你可爱zàibái在白zàijiàn再见ei(likealongaortheeiineight)lèihēi累黑ao-ao(asinhoworout)hǎomāoshǎolǎoɡāozǎoshɑnɡhǎo好猫少老高早上好ou(liketheowinloworboat)dōuɡǒukǒushǒuzǒu都狗口手走iaia(likeyainyard)jiā家ie-ie(likeyeinyes)biéjiérìxièxiè别节日谢谢ua-ua(ufollowedbya)kuāhuāzhuāshuā夸花抓刷uo-uo(asinwar)cèsuǒduōshǎoɡuójiā厕所多少国家üexuéxíxuéshenɡxuéxiàodàxuéyuēhuì学习学生学校大学约会sānchóngyùnmǔ三重韵母（finalsconsistingof3singlefinals）uaiuei(ui)iaoiou(iu)uai-uai(likewiinwild)shuàihuàishuāi帅坏衰Uei(ui)-ui(similartoway)duìbúduìɡuìhuìbúhuìshuǐshuí对不对贵会不会水谁iao-iao(likeyowinyowl)jiàojiǎobiǎoniǎoliáotiānxiǎo叫脚表鸟聊天小iou(iu)-iu(likeyoinyoga)diūniúliù丢牛六汉语拼音ChinesePīnyīn•复韵母iou和uei与声母相拼，实际发音时o和e往往消失，于是就缩写为iu和ui的形式。遇到韵母是iu和ui的音节时，发音响亮的部分在后面的元音上，所以调号标在后一个元音上。如：•球：qiú声调标在u上。•归：guī声调标在i上，省略i上的点。•标调号的口诀：•有ɑ不放过，没ɑ找oe。•iuui标后头，单个韵母没的说。bíyùnmǔ鼻韵母（nasalfinals）汉语拼音ChinesePīnyīn•鼻韵母是指由一个或两个元音带上一个鼻辅音n或ng构成的。鼻韵母共16个：•ɑnenangengong•安恩昂亨的韵母轰的韵母•ianiniangingiong•烟因央英雍•uanuen（un）uangueng•弯温汪翁•üanün•冤晕•鼻韵母uen与声母相拼，实际发音时e往往消失，于是就缩写为un。去掉e后，只剩下了元音u，所以调号只能标在u上。qiánbíyùnmǔ前鼻韵母(frontnasalfinals)aneninianuen(un)uanüanan-an(likethesoundsofJohnorangry)mànchīfànhànyǔhěnnán慢吃饭汉语很难en-en(like“eninopen)rénzhōnɡɡuóréntàiɡuórén人中国人泰国人zěnmeyànɡzhēnzhēndemɑ怎么样真真的吗in-in(asinbin)nínjīntiānxīn您