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2009考研英语（二）真题及答案解析Directions：Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage，therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEETwithapencil.In1999,thepriceofoilhoveredaround$16abarrel.By2008,ithad21the$100abarrelmark.Thereasonsforthesurge22fromthedramaticgrowthoftheeconomiesofchinaandIndiatowidespread23inoil-producingregions,includingIraqandNigeria'sdeltaregion.Triple-digitoilpriceshave24theeconomicandpoliticalmapoftheworld,25someoldnotionsofpower.Oil-richnationsareenjoyinghistoricgainsandopportunities,26majorimporters—includingchinaandIndia,hometoathirdoftheworld'spopulation27risingeconomicandsocialcosts.Managingthisneworderisfastbecomingacentral28ofglobalpolitics.Countriesthatneedoilareclawingateachotherto29scarcesupplies,andarewillingtodealwithanygovernment,30howunpleasant,todoit.Inmanypoornationswithoil,theprofitsarebeing,losttocorruption,31thesecountriesoftheirbesthopefordevelopment.Andoilisfuelingenormousinvestmentfundsrunbyforeigngovernments,32someinthewestseeasanewthreat.CountrieslikeRussia,VenezuelaandIranarewellsuppliedwithrisingoil33,achangereflectedinnewlyaggressiveforeignpolicies.Butsomeunexpectedcountriesarereapingbenefits,34costs,fromhigherprices.ConsiderGermany.35itimportsvirtuallyallitsoil,ithasprosperedfromextensivetradewithaboomingRussiaandtheMiddleEast.GermanexportstoRussia36128percentfrom2001to2006.IntheUnitedStates,asalreadyhighgaspricesrose37higherinthespringof2008,theissuecroppedupinthepresidentialcampaign,withSenatorsMcCainandObama38forafederalgastaxholidayduringthepeaksummerdrivingmonths.Anddrivinghabitsbeganto39,assalesofsmallcarsjumpedandmasstransportsystems40thecountryreportedasharpincreaseinriders.21.A.comeB.goneC.crossedD.arrived22.A.coveredB.discoveredC.arrangedD.ranged23.A.intensityB.infinityC.insecurityD.instability24.A.drawnB.redrawnC.retainedD.reviewed25.A.fightingB.strugglingC.challengingD.threatening26.A.andB.whileC.thusD.though27.A.confineB.conflictC.conformD.confront28.A.problemB.questionC.matterD.event29.A.lookforB.lockupC.sendoutD.keepoff30.A.nomatterB.whatifC.onlyifD.inspiteof31.A.abolishingB.deprivingC.destroyingD.eliminating32.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whom33.A.interestsB.taxesC.incomesD.revenues34.A.asmanyasB.asgoodasC.asfarasD.aswellas35.A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.SinceD.As36.A.advancedB.grewC.reducesD.multiplied37.A.evenB.stillC.ratherD.fairly38.A.askingB.requestingC.callingD.demanding39.A.changeB.turnC.shiftD.transform40.A.forB.fromC.acrossD.overPartIIIReadingComprehension(40%)Direction:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithapencil.PASSAGE1.HenricIbsen,authoroftheplayADoll'sHouse,inwhichapretty,helplesshousewifeabandonsherhusbandandchildrentoseekamoreseriouslife,wouldsurelyhaveapproved..FromJanuaryIst,2008,allpubliccompaniesinNorwayareobligedtoensurethatatleast40%oftheirboarddirectorsarewomen.Mostfirmshaveobeyedthelaw,whichwaspassedin2003.Butabout75outofthe480orsocompaniesitaffectsarestilltoomaleforthegovernment'sliking.TheywillshortlyreceivealetterinformingthemthattheyhaveuntiltheendofFebruarytoact,orfacethelegalconsequences---whichcouldincludebeingdissolved.Beforethelawwasproposed,about7%ofboardmembersinNorwaywerefemale,accordingtotheCentreforCorporateDiversity.Thenumberhassincejumpedto36%.Thatisfarhigherthantheaverageof9%forbigcompaniesacrossEuropeorAmerica's15%fortheFortune500.Norway'sstockexchangeanditsmainbusinesslobbyopposethelaw,asdomanybusinessmen.Iamagainstquotasforwomenormenasamatterofprinciple,saysSverreMunck,headofinternationaloperationsatamediafirm.Boardmembersofpubliccompaniesshouldbechosensolelyonthebasisofmeritandexperience,besays.Severalfirmshaveevengivenuptheirpublicstatusinordertoescapethenewlaw.Companieshavehadtorecruitabout1,000womeninfouryears.Manycomplainthatithasbeendifficulttofindexperiencedcandidates.Becauseofthis,someofthebestwomenhavecollectedasmanyas25-35directorshipseach,andareknowninNorwegianbusinesscirclesasthegoldenskirts.OnereasonforthescarcityisthattherearefairlyfewwomeninmanagementinNorwegiancompanies---theyoccupyaround15%ofseniorpositions.Ithasbeenparticularlyhardforfirmsintheoil,technologyandfinancialindustriestofindwomenwithaenoughexperience.Somepeopleworrythattheirrelativelackofexperiencemaykeepwomenquietonboards,andthatinturncouldmeanthatboardsmightbecomelessabletoholdmanagerstoaccount.RecenthistoryinNorway,however,suggeststhattherightwomencanmakestrongdirectors.Womenfeelmorecompelledthanmentodotheirhomework,saysMsRekstenSkaugen,whowasvotedNorway'schairmanoftheyearfor2007,andwecanaffordtoaskthehardquestions,becausewomenarenotalwaysexpectedtoknowtheanswers.41.TheauthormentionsIbsen'splayinthefirstparagraphinorderto.A.depictwomen'sdilemmaatworkB.explainthenewlypassedlawC.supportNorwegiangovernmentD.introducethetopicunderdiscussion42.Apubliccompanythatfailstoobeythenewlawcouldbeforcedto.A.payaheavyfineB.closedownitsbusinessC.c