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PUMPSPACO水泵安装使用维护说明书1PACO®LF系列－单级端吸离心水泵LFLCVLCPUMPSPACO水泵安装使用维护说明书2目录I.安装················································································3A.水泵铭牌·······································································3B.接收···········································································3C.临时储存·······································································3D.位置··········································································3E.管路连接·······································································4F.进水接管·······································································4G.出水接管·······································································5H.轴封···········································································5I.机械密封········································································5J.水泵基础和同轴度调整····························································5II.电气安装···········································································6A.电机—一般性说明·······························································6B.线路安装·······································································7C.电机转向·······································································7III.运行··············································································7A.注水············································································7B.启动前检查·····································································7C.水泵启动·······································································7D.电压范围·······································································8E.水泵停机·······································································8IV.维护··············································································8A.电机润滑······································································8B.水泵轴承润滑··································································9C.故障维修······································································9V.产品结构··········································································11VI.水泵润滑说明·····································································121）电机维护·····································································122）水泵维护·····································································12VII．水泵储存保养说明·······························································12PUMPSPACO水泵安装使用维护说明书3I.安装在安装和运行PACO的LF型端吸离心泵之前，请仔细阅读本说明书并严格遵照以下程序操作，以确保水泵能够长期正常运行。A.水泵标牌所有PACO水泵以型号和序号区分，型号和序号打在泵壳的铭牌上。SMARTPUMPTMCAT#:11-20701-130101-1741STOCK#:SER#:H12345GPM:150TDH:120’IMPDIA:’’PACOPUMPS图1a：水泵铭牌B.接收1.货到后立即检查水泵机组是否缺件或损坏，如有附件，将单独包装并随机组装运。2.如果设备在运输过程中损坏，请立即将损坏情况直接向货运代理报告。在货运单据上完整注明以加快运输公司的理算过程。3.用吊索卸下机组。不要将泵壳上的吊耳或电机上的吊环螺栓用作吊点！它们是用来在维护保养时辅助拆卸，而不能用来吊装整个水泵机组。C.临时储存1.如果到货后几天内不进行水泵安装，将其存放在清洁、干燥，环境温度适中的地方。2.每周用手转动水泵轴，使轴承涂上润滑油脂防止氧化和腐蚀。3.遵从电机制造商的储存建议。D.位置1.水泵定位时应尽可能地靠近管路，选择昀短和昀直的管路连接。参见图F进水接管。2.如有可能，将水泵定位在系统水位以下。这将简化水泵启动，保证稳定的水流，以及提供正进水压头。3.通过校核水泵与整个系统的相对位置确保水泵进口有足够的气蚀余量（NPSH），水泵进口实际的净吸压头必须等于或大于水泵性能曲线上所要求的数值。保证足够的检查保养空间，预留能操作适当吊具的净空间。确保电源适用于水泵电机。电气参数与电机铭牌所标数值区配，并在3D部分的限制范围内。PUMPSPACO水泵安装使用维护说明书44.避免水泵暴露在冰点温度下以防止水泵内流体冻结。如果停机期内存在冻结可能，参见3E部分中的特别建议。E.管路连接1.不要以水泵作管路支撑！每隔一段距离在水泵附近用吊架或其它支架支撑整个管路。进水管路和出水管路均必须独立支撑并与水泵进出口同轴，以保证紧固法兰螺栓后没有应力被传递到水泵上。使用膨胀节或隔振缓冲也不能代替正确的管路支撑。2.确保管路尽可能地直，避免不必要的拐弯和接头。在有必要的地方用45°或大曲率半径的90°弯管接头以减小摩擦损失。3.使用法兰联接时注意其内径匹配且螺栓孔对准。4.在接管时，不要用外力强制。F.进水接管进水管路的尺寸和安装特别重要。其选择和安装的原则是减小压力损失,以及在起动和运行期间允许足够量的流体流入水泵，许多泵入口净吸压头出现的问题均可直接追溯到进水管路设计错误，管路安装时遵从以下预防措施：1.进水管路应尽可能地直，但长度不能短于管径的十倍，长度较短的进水管可以与吸入口直径相同，较长的其直径路，应比吸入口径大，一到两个规格（根据管路长度），并在泵吸入口附近缩径。2.使用偏心缩径管且（见图1b）在从管路向水泵吸入口缩径时使其偏心侧向下。正确气囊错误偏心向下图1b：进水管径缩小3.任何情况下，管路的管径不能小于水泵吸入口直径。4.如有可能，进口管路应该有平稳的坡度，其坡度方向为：当水泵用作提升泵时管路至泵坡向为逐渐向上，当用于正吸入压头场合时，坡向为由管路至水泵逐渐向下。5.避免任何高点，如环状管路（见图1c），否则将产生气穴并使系统产生节流或者使水泵运行不稳定。图1c：避免在进水管路上出现高点6.在进水管路上安装截止阀；在停机和维修期间将水泵与系统隔离，并便于水泵移动，当两台或更多水泵联接到同一根进口管路上时，安装多个阀门以将每台水泵与系统隔离。7.阀门安装位置要避免气穴产生。不能使用球阀，尤其是气蚀余量要求较高时。8.水泵运行期间，进水阀必须保持全开！PUMPSPACO水泵安装使用维护说明书59.在水泵进出口管路上安装具有合适量程的压力表。通过观察压力表数值，操作者可以监控水泵运行情况并确定其运行参数符合性能曲线的数值。（如果出现气蚀、气泡或其它不稳定运行现象，压力表将显示进出口压力值大范围波动。）G.出水接管1.较短的出水管路管径可以与水泵出口直径相同，根据长度的不同，较长的出水管路的管径度比，水泵出口直径大一至两个规格。2.对水平长出水管路昀好有平缓的坡度。3.在水泵出口处附近安装阀门来给水泵注水和起动水泵，出口阀也用来在停机和维修期间隔离水泵并便于水泵移动位置。4.出口管路上的任何高点将聚集气体并影响水泵运行。5.如果使用止回阀，或者可能发生水击时，停机之前先关闭出口阀门。H.轴封PACO提供机械式和填料式密封用于水泵轴密封。当水泵装有机械式密封时，无需维护和调整。在某些应用场合，机械式密封优于填料式密封，因为其密封质量好，使用时间长，在轴封正常安装条件下，可以消除渗漏，其正常寿命比相似条件下的填料密封要长得多。I.机械密封所有装有机械式密封的PACO单级离心水泵均符合订购水泵时的条件，遵从以下预防措施能避免轴封损坏并获得昀大的密封寿命。1.不要超过机械密封的使用温度或压力限制。2.不要干转水泵或在阀门关闭时运转！干运行将在几分钟内导致轴封失效。3.新安装时，在安装和运行水泵之前将水泵进水管路清理干净，管路结垢，焊渣和其它磨料将使轴封很快失效。J.水泵基础和同轴度调整单级离心水泵应永久性地安装在一个坚固的混凝土基础块上，且其尺寸足够大，以缓冲振动并防止出现弯沉或同轴度恶化。下列为典型的固定和同轴度调整程序，为使水泵无故障平稳运行，仔细按程序进行调整。20~30mm套管垫片图2：地脚螺栓安装1.浇注基础块、将地脚螺栓放置在套管内以保证位置调整余量，如图2所示，在混凝土固化之前在顶面上划沟痕为浇注水泥提供粘合表面。2.混凝土基础块浇筑固化后，将设备底通过地脚螺栓放置在楔形调整垫铁上，调整垫铁应位于每个地脚螺栓附近，每边垫铁间距大约720mm。底座比基础块高出20mm～32mm，为浇注水泥留出空间，用气泡式水平仪调平水泵轴和法兰，通过楔形调整垫铁调平。PUMPSPACO水泵安装使用维护说明书63.拆下联轴器防护罩。4.在工厂里，水泵和电机的同轴度已经精确调整，但通常在运输过程中预调的同轴度会发生变化，用一把直尺和塞尺或百分表检查联轴器水平、竖直及角度方向的不同轴程度。见图3。图3：检查联轴器的同轴度在水泵接管完